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Ecology

Total questions: 82

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Smallest to largest: ______ → population → community → ecosystem → biome → biosphere

a)

organism

b)

cell

c)

tissue

d)

organ

2.

All biotic and abiotic factors in a given area make up an: ______

a)

ecosystem

b)

organism

c)

population

d)

community

3.

Two most important abiotic factors that determine biomes: ______ and ______

a)

temperature and precipitation

b)

wind and soil type

c)

sunlight and altitude

d)

humidity and pH

4.

Most of Michigan (including Fruitport) is in the: ______

a)

temperate deciduous forest biome

b)

tropical rainforest biome

c)

desert biome

d)

tundra biome

5.

Example of biotic factors directly changing abiotic factors: ______

a)

Trees emitting oxygen into the atmosphere

b)

Rocks eroding due to wind

c)

Rainwater dissolving minerals

d)

Sunlight warming the soil

6.

Photosynthesis converts sunlight into: ________

a)

chemical energy

b)

thermal energy

c)

mechanical energy

d)

electrical energy

7.

Each level in a food chain contains less energy because some is: ________

a)

lost as heat

b)

used to make water

c)

turned into light

d)

stored as fat

8.

Organisms that provide most energy in ecosystems: ________

a)

producers

b)

consumers

c)

decomposers

d)

herbivores

9.

Almost all producers get energy from: ________

a)

sunlight

b)

moonlight

c)

wind

d)

soil nutrients

10.

Organisms that can be both primary and secondary consumers: ________

a)

omnivores

b)

herbivores

c)

producers

d)

decomposers

11.

Leopard seals are: ________

a)

carnivores

b)

herbivores

c)

omnivores

d)

insectivores

12.

Energy at each trophic level is: ________

a)

a lot less than the level below it

b)

the same as the level below it

c)

a lot more than the level below it

d)

always increasing

13.

Energy available in level C (3rd level): ________

a)

a small percent of the energy in level B

b)

the same as the energy in level A

c)

more than the energy in level B

d)

all of the energy from level A

14.

When a giraffe eats leaves, it incorporates them into its: ________

a)

body

b)

shadow

c)

voice

d)

footsteps

15.

Fill in the blank: ______ is the total mass of living matter in a given area.

a)

biomass

b)

photosynthesis

c)

habitat

d)

ecosystem

16.

Fill in the blank: Biotic factor affecting population size: ______

a)

food

b)

temperature

c)

water

d)

sunlight

17.

Fill in the blank: Movement of a single caribou into a herd: ______

a)

immigration

b)

emigration

c)

migration

d)

hibernation

18.

Fill in the blank: Pattern of growth for a population with limited resources: ______

a)

logistic

b)

exponential

c)

cyclical

d)

random

19.

Fill in the blank: Graph showing S-shaped curve: ______

a)

logistic growth

b)

exponential growth

c)

linear growth

d)

cyclic growth

20.

Fill in the blank: Increases population size: ______

a)

immigration and births

b)

emigration and deaths

c)

predation and disease

d)

natural disasters

21.

Fill in the blank: Zebra herds moving together: ______

a)

clumped dispersion

b)

random dispersion

c)

uniform dispersion

d)

solitary movement

22.

Fill in the blank: Type I survivorship curve (large mammals): ______

a)

low infant mortality, long lifespan

b)

high infant mortality, short lifespan

c)

constant mortality rate throughout life

d)

short lifespan, rapid reproduction

23.

Michigan DNR increasing deer hunting helps because:

a)

disease is a density-dependent limiting factor

b)

disease is a density-independent limiting factor

c)

deer are not affected by disease

24.

Fill in the blank: ____ beavers/km²

a)

7 beavers/km²

b)

2 beavers/km²

c)

15 beavers/km²

d)

0.5 beavers/km²

25.

Increase Population: ________

a)

Disease in predators

b)

Increase in predators

c)

Decrease in food supply

d)

Natural disasters

26.

Decrease Population: ________

a)

Natural disaster

b)

Technological advancement

c)

Increase in birth rate

d)

Urbanization

27.

Stabilize Population: ________

a)

Equal birth & death rate

b)

High birth & low death rate

c)

Low birth & high death rate

d)

Increasing birth rate

28.

Biotic changes that regenerate an ecosystem: ________

a)

succession

b)

erosion

c)

pollution

d)

deforestation

29.

Ecosystem development in lava areas starts with: ________

a)

breakdown of rock by pioneer species

b)

accumulation of humus by large trees

c)

arrival of herbivores

d)

formation of lakes

30.

Lichens and mosses: ________

a)

pioneer species

b)

climax community

c)

decomposers

d)

parasites

31.

Alder trees aren't pioneers because: ________

a)

smaller organisms come first

b)

they require full sunlight

c)

they grow only in wetlands

d)

they are slow-growing

32.

After Yellowstone fires (1988): ________

a)

secondary succession

b)

primary succession

c)

climax community

d)

ecological extinction

33.

High biodiversity ecosystems are: ________

a)

resilient

b)

fragile

c)

unstable

d)

vulnerable

34.

Coral reef most resistant (least damage): ________ (lost 20%)

a)

Reef B

b)

Reef A

c)

Reef C

d)

Reef D

35.

Forest = ________, Grassland = resistance

a)

resilience

b)

productivity

c)

diversity

d)

stability

36.

Climax community: ________, stable population like clownfish and anemones

a)

balanced

b)

unstable

c)

temporary

d)

declining

37.

Decrease in herring gulls if: ________ population reduced

a)

shrimp

b)

algae

c)

plankton

d)

crab

38.

Deer population increase (1910–1925) caused by: ________ wolves (no natural predators)

a)

overhunting

b)

migration of

c)

introduction of

d)

protection of

39.

Which climate factor is most responsible for global temperature rise?

a)

greenhouse gases

b)

ocean currents

c)

volcanic eruptions

d)

solar flares

40.

Climate Change & Human Impact The carbon in fossil fuels comes from:

a)

ancient organic matter

b)

volcanic rocks

c)

seawater

d)

atmospheric dust

41.

Which greenhouse gas is produced most by humans?

a)

methane

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

nitrous oxide

d)

ozone

42.

If phytoplankton have 10 ppm of DDT and the eagle level is 100,000 ppm, what is the DDT concentration at the eagle level?

a)

100,000 parts per million

b)

10 parts per million

c)

1,000 parts per million

d)

10,000 parts per million

43.

Fill in the correct order from smallest to largest: ______ → population → community → ecosystem → biome → biosphere.

a)

organism

b)

cell

c)

tissue

d)

organ

44.

All biotic and abiotic factors in a given area make up an: ______.

a)

ecosystem

b)

organism

c)

population

d)

community

45.

Two most important abiotic factors that determine biomes: ______ and ______.

a)

temperature and precipitation

b)

wind and soil type

c)

sunlight and altitude

d)

humidity and latitude

46.

Most of Michigan (including Fruitport) is in the: ______ biome.

a)

temperate deciduous forest

b)

tropical rainforest

c)

desert

d)

tundra

47.

Example of biotic factors directly changing abiotic factors: ______ emitting oxygen into the atmosphere.

a)

Trees

b)

Rocks

c)

Water

d)

Clouds

48.

Photosynthesis converts sunlight into: ______ energy.

a)

chemical

b)

electrical

c)

thermal

d)

mechanical

49.

Each level in a food chain contains less energy because some is: lost as ______.

a)

heat

b)

light

c)

water

d)

sound

50.

Organisms that provide most energy in ecosystems are called: ______.

a)

producers

b)

consumers

c)

decomposers

d)

herbivores

51.

Almost all producers get energy from: ______.

a)

sunlight

b)

moonlight

c)

soil nutrients

d)

wind

52.

Organisms that can be both primary and secondary consumers are: ______.

a)

omnivores

b)

herbivores

c)

producers

d)

decomposers

53.

Leopard seals are: ______.

a)

carnivores

b)

herbivores

c)

omnivores

d)

insectivores

54.

Energy at each trophic level is: ________

a)

a lot less than the level below it

b)

the same as the level below it

c)

a lot more than the level below it

d)

always increasing

55.

Energy available in level C (3rd level): ________

a)

a small percent of the energy in level B

b)

the same as the energy in level B

c)

more than the energy in level B

d)

all of the energy from level A

56.

When a giraffe eats leaves, it incorporates them into its: ________

a)

biomass

b)

skeleton

c)

fur

d)

stomach

57.

Biotic factor affecting population size: ________

a)

food

b)

temperature

c)

sunlight

d)

water

58.

Movement of a single caribou into a herd: ________

a)

immigration

b)

emigration

c)

predation

d)

hibernation

59.

Pattern of growth for a population with limited resources: ________

a)

logistic

b)

exponential

c)

cyclical

d)

random

60.

Graph showing S-shaped curve: ________

a)

logistic growth

b)

exponential growth

c)

linear growth

d)

cyclic growth

61.

Increases population size: ________

a)

immigration and births

b)

emigration and deaths

c)

predation and disease

d)

natural disasters

62.

Zebra herds moving together: ________

a)

clumped dispersion

b)

random dispersion

c)

uniform dispersion

d)

solitary movement

63.

Type I survivorship curve (large mammals): ________

a)

low infant mortality, long lifespan

b)

high infant mortality, short lifespan

c)

constant mortality rate throughout life

d)

short lifespan, rapid reproduction

64.

Which of the following is a density-dependent factor?

a)

Bacterial infection in moose

b)

Moose competing for vegetation

c)

Wolves eating moose

d)

All of the above

65.

Which of the following is a density-independent factor?

a)

A) Climate change isolating wolves

b)

B) Extreme snowfall limiting food

c)

C) Both A and B

d)

D) None of the above

66.

Michigan DNR increasing deer hunting helps because: ______ is a density-dependent limiting factor.

a)

disease

b)

weather

c)

sunlight

d)

soil type

67.

Beaver population density (14 beavers, 2 km²): ______ beavers/km²

a)

7 beavers/km²

b)

12 beavers/km²

c)

16 beavers/km²

d)

2 beavers/km²

68.

Biotic changes that regenerate an ecosystem are called: ______

a)

succession

b)

erosion

c)

pollination

d)

mutation

69.

Ecosystem development in lava areas starts with: ______

a)

breakdown of rock by pioneer species

b)

accumulation of animal remains

c)

growth of large trees

d)

formation of deep soil

70.

Lichens and mosses are examples of: ______

a)

pioneer species

b)

climax species

c)

parasites

d)

decomposers

71.

Alder trees aren't pioneers because: _________

a)

smaller organisms come first

b)

they require full sunlight

c)

they grow only in wetlands

d)

they are slow-growing

72.

After Yellowstone fires (1988): _________.

a)

secondary succession

b)

primary succession

c)

climax community

d)

ecological extinction

73.

High biodiversity ecosystems are: _________.

a)

resilient

b)

fragile

c)

unstable

d)

barren

74.

Coral reef most resistant (least damage): _________.

a)

Reef B (lost 20%)

b)

Reef A (lost 60%)

c)

Reef C (lost 45%)

d)

Reef D (lost 35%)

75.

Forest = _________, Grassland = resistance.

a)

resilience

b)

photosynthesis

c)

biodiversity

d)

succession

76.

Climax community: _________.

a)

balanced, stable population like clownfish and anemones

b)

constantly changing population with no stability

c)

community with only one species present

d)

population that never interacts with other species

77.

Decrease in herring gulls if: _________

a)

shrimp population reduced

b)

temperature increases

c)

rainfall increases

d)

forest area expands

78.

Deer population increase (1910–1925) caused by: _________.

a)

overhunting wolves (no natural predators)

b)

increased rainfall

c)

introduction of new plant species

d)

migration of deer to new areas

79.

Climate Change & Human Impact: The climate factor most responsible for global temperature rise is _________

a)

greenhouse gases

b)

volcanic eruptions

c)

solar flares

d)

ocean currents

80.

Climate Change & Human Impact: Carbon in fossil fuels comes from _________?

a)

ancient organic matter

b)

volcanic rocks

c)

atmospheric dust

d)

seawater minerals

81.

Climate Change & Human Impact: The greenhouse gas produced most by humans is _________.

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

methane

c)

nitrous oxide

d)

ozone

82.

If phytoplankton = 10 ppm, what is the DDT concentration at the eagle level?

a)

100,000 parts per million

b)

1,000 parts per million

c)

10,000 parts per million

d)

50,000 parts per million

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