Ukuran huruf
Lembar kerjaAQA Definitions
Total soal: 85
Worksheet time: 43mins
Which of the following best defines hardware in a computer system?
The physical components of a computer system, including both external and internal parts.
Any program or collection of instructions that can be run by a computer.
A set of programs managing the operation of the computer.
A translator that converts high level language to machine code.
What is the primary function of system software?
To allow users to carry out specific tasks.
To cover technical aspects of setting up, running, and maintaining a computer system.
To convert assembly language into machine code.
To check a source program for syntax errors.
Which type of software is responsible for converting high level language to machine code?
Assemblers
Compilers
Interpreters
Libraries
Explain the difference between application software and system software. (DoK Level 2)
Application software manages hardware, while system software allows users to perform specific tasks.
Application software is designed for technical aspects, while system software is for entertainment.
Application software allows users to carry out specific tasks, while system software manages and maintains the computer system.
Application software translates code, while system software compiles programs.
A user wants to optimize their computer’s performance by running a program that analyzes and configures system settings. Which type of system software should they use? (DoK Level 3)
Operating System
Utility Program
Interpreter
Library
Which of the following best describes the role of resource management in an operating system?
Managing user accounts and passwords
Efficiently managing hardware and software to optimize system performance
Designing user interfaces for applications
Encrypting files for security
Which programming language is described as having a strong abstraction from a processor’s internal instruction set and is more human-readable?
Assembly Language
Machine Code
High-Level Language
Bytecode
What is the main function of a D-Type Flip Flop in digital circuits?
To add two numbers and produce a sum and carry bit
To store a single bit and switch between two stable states using an input signal
To translate high-level code into machine code
To perform logical AND operations
Explain the difference between a full adder and a half adder in terms of their input and output.
A full adder adds two numbers and produces one output bit, while a half adder adds three numbers and produces two output bits.
A full adder adds two numbers and produces two output bits, while a half adder adds three numbers and produces one output bit.
A full adder combines two half adders, takes a carry bit and two other input bits, and returns their sum and new carry as two output bits, while a half adder adds two numbers and produces a sum and carry bit as output.
A full adder and half adder both add two numbers and produce only a sum bit as output.
A software developer wants to write code that can be executed on any computer via a virtual machine. Which type of program translator output should they use, and why?
Machine code, because it is directly understood by the CPU
Bytecode, because it is an intermediate instruction set executable on any computer via a virtual machine
Assembly language, because it is specific to the processor architecture
High-level language, because it is human-readable
Which logical operator returns TRUE (or 1) if and only if exactly one of the inputs is TRUE (or 1)?
NAND
NOR
XOR
OR
According to the Absorption Laws in Boolean Algebra, what is the result of A ∧ (A ∨ B)?
B
A
A ∨ B
0
Which of the following best describes a Boolean Expression?
A type of algebra with only numbers
A combination of boolean variables and logical operators which evaluates to either TRUE or FALSE depending on the input
A mathematical equation with only addition and subtraction
A set of rules for multiplying numbers
Using De Morgan’s First Law, what is the equivalent of ¬(A ∨ B)?
¬A ∨ ¬B
¬A ∧ ¬B
A ∧ B
A ∨ B
Given the Distribution Laws in Boolean Algebra, which of the following is equivalent to (A ∨ B) ∧ (C ∨ D)?
(A ∧ C) ∨ (A ∧ D) ∨ (B ∧ C) ∨ (B ∧ D)
(A ∨ C) ∧ (B ∨ D)
(A ∧ B) ∨ (C ∧ D)
(A ∨ B ∨ C ∨ D)
Which of the following is the correct statement of the idempotent law in Boolean algebra?
A ∨ A = A
A ∧ A = 0
A ∨ ¬A = 0
A ∧ ¬A = 1
According to the inverse laws, what is the value of A ∧ ¬A?
0
1
A
¬A
According to the inverse laws, what is the value of A ∨ ¬A?
1
0
A
¬A
If A is true, what is the value of A ∨ A using the idempotent law?
True
False
0
1
Given the inverse law A ∧ ¬A = 0, which of the following best explains why this is always true?
A variable and its negation cannot both be true at the same time.
A variable and its negation are always equal.
A variable and its negation always sum to 1.
A variable and its negation are both always false.
What is Overflow in floating point representation?
Misrepresentation of a value because it is too large to be represented with the allocated digits.
Misrepresentation of a value because it is too small to be represented.
An error caused by incorrect rounding.
A type of character encoding error.
What is Underflow in the context of floating point numbers?
Misrepresentation of a value because it is too small to be represented with the allocated digits.
Misrepresentation of a value because it is too large to be represented.
An error caused by dividing by zero.
A type of rounding error.
What is the process of Normalisation in floating point numbers?
Adjusting the position of the radix point and exponent to represent the number efficiently.
Rounding the number to the nearest integer.
Converting the number to binary.
Adding more digits to the mantissa.
How is Relative Error defined?
The percentage difference between the exact correct value and rounded value.
The sum of all errors in a calculation.
The difference between two incorrect values.
The error caused by underflow.
What is Absolute Error?
The difference between the exact correct value and rounded value.
The sum of all errors in a calculation.
The ratio of correct to incorrect values.
The error caused by overflow.
Which of the following best defines Rounding Errors?
Errors introduced in calculations with fixed or floating point numbers due to limited precision.
Errors caused by incorrect formulas.
Errors due to hardware malfunction.
Errors from using the wrong number base.
What does the mantissa in a floating point form store?
The non-zero significant digits of a number.
The exponent value.
The base of the number system.
The sign of the number.
What is the main purpose of using Floating Point Form in number systems?
To represent numbers with a fractional part in any number system.
To store only whole numbers.
To represent only negative numbers.
To store only positive integers.
Which form is used to represent numbers with a fractional part in any number system?
Fixed Point Form
Decimal Prefix
Binary Prefix
Signed Binary
What does the exponent in floating point form represent?
The number of positions to move the decimal point
The number of bits in a byte
The number of unique digits in a number system
The value of the binary prefix
How is a negative number represented in Two’s Complement?
By flipping all its digits and adding 1 to the most significant bit
By subtracting 1 from all its digits
By reversing the order of its digits
By multiplying by -1
What is the main difference between signed binary and unsigned binary number systems?
Signed binary can represent both positive and negative numbers, while unsigned binary can only represent positive numbers.
Signed binary uses decimal numbers, while unsigned binary uses hexadecimal numbers.
Signed binary is used for text, while unsigned binary is used for images.
Signed binary has more bits than unsigned binary.
Which of the following is a prefix to a unit representing a power of 2?
Binary Prefix
Decimal Prefix
Exponent
Fixed Point Form
How many bits are there in a byte?
4
8
16
2
What is the number of unique digits used by a particular number system to represent numbers called?
Number Base
Exponent
Byte
Prefix
Which number system uses only 10 characters (0 to 9) to represent numbers?
Decimal
Hexadecimal
Binary
Octal
A student claims that all integers are also rational numbers. Is this statement correct? Explain your reasoning.
Yes, because all integers can be expressed as a ratio with denominator 1.
No, because integers cannot be written as fractions.
Yes, because integers are always positive.
No, because rational numbers must have a fractional part.
Which number system uses only ones and zeros to represent numbers?
Decimal
Binary
Octal
Hexadecimal
Ordinal numbers are primarily used to:
Represent numbers with fractional parts.
Describe numerical position or order of objects.
Express numbers as a ratio of two integers.
Represent real world quantities with an imaginary part.
Which of the following statements about real numbers is correct?
Real numbers only include positive integers.
Real numbers include both rational and irrational numbers.
Real numbers cannot represent real world quantities.
Real numbers always have an imaginary part.
What distinguishes irrational numbers from rational numbers?
Irrational numbers can be expressed as a ratio of two integers.
Irrational numbers are always positive.
Irrational numbers cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers.
Irrational numbers are only used for counting.
Which of the following is an example of a rational number?
π (pi)
0.75
√2
e
Which set of numbers includes all integers, both positive and negative, and zero, but no fractional parts?
Rational Numbers
Real Numbers
Integers
Ordinal Numbers
Which of the following best describes natural numbers?
The set of numbers with no fractional part.
The set of positive integers and 0, used as counting or ordering numbers.
Numbers that cannot be expressed as a ratio of two integers.
The set of numbers that can represent real world quantities and have an imaginary part of 0.
Fill in the blank: The concept of storing data and instructions in a memory with discrete, unique addresses is called _________.
Addressable Memory
Sequential Processing
Cache Mapping
Virtual Paging
Fill in the blank: A bus that carries the memory location address of the register the data is being carried to or from is called the _________
Address Bus
Data Bus
Control Bus
System Bus
Fill in the blank: A part of the CPU that controls and manages the execution of instructions, sends control signals to coordinate execution, and controls Fetch-Decode-Execute cycles and buses is called the _________
Control Bus
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Register
Cache
Fill in the blank: A bi-directional bus for carrying data and instructions between the processor and memory is called the _________
Data Bus
Address Bus
Control Bus
Expansion Bus
Fill in the blank: A computer architecture that stores data and instructions in separate memories to allow the next instruction to be read while data is currently being read or written is called _________.
Harvard Architecture
Von Neumann Architecture
RISC Architecture
CISC Architecture
Fill in the blank: An interface that allows the processor to communicate with Input/Output devices connected to the computer is called _________
I/O Controllers
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Cache Memory
System Bus
Fill in the blank: A data store for instructions for the processor that can be directly addressed by the processor is called _________.
Main Memory
Cache Memory
Hard Disk
Register
Fill in the blank: A complex chip of transistors capable of executing programs, computing data to outputs, and supervising the operation of a computer system is called a _________
Processor
Transistor
Capacitor
Resistor
Fill in the blank: A computer architecture where a single control unit manages program control via a linear sequence of fetch-execute-decode cycles, and data and instructions are held in the same memory is called _________?
Von Neumann Architecture
Harvard Architecture
RISC Architecture
CISC Architecture
Fill in the blank: Machine code instructions stored in main memory that are fetched and executed serially by a processor that performs arithmetic and logical operations is known as the _________
Stored Program Concept
Von Neumann Bottleneck
Harvard Architecture
Instruction Pipelining
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a part of the processor that performs arithmetic calculations and logical operations on data for the computer programs.
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
Control Unit (CU)
Memory Management Unit (MMU)
Cache
Fill in the blank: A ________ is a timing device connected to the processor that periodically generates a signal to synchronise fetch, decode, execute cycle runs and other components of the computer.
Clock
Register
Bus
Cache
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a part of the processor that controls and manages the execution of instructions, sending control signals to coordinate execution and control Fetch-Decode-Execute cycles and buses.
Control Unit
Arithmetic Logic Unit
Cache Memory
Register
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a dedicated register that stores the address of the instruction that is being executed in the processor.
Current Instruction Register
Accumulator
Stack Pointer
Memory Data Register
Fill in the blank: A ________ is a register reserved for a specific purpose or role essential to the running of the processor.
Dedicated Register
General Register
Floating Point Register
Index Register
Fill in the blank: ________ are special memory cells in the processor that can be accessed quickly and temporarily store data and control information.
General Purpose Registers
Cache Memory
Hard Disk Drives
Arithmetic Logic Units
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a special register that stores the memory address of the next instruction to load or data to use.
Memory Address Register
Accumulator
Instruction Register
Program Counter
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a special register that temporarily stores data to be read from or written to the computer’s memory.
Memory Buffer Register
Program Counter
Instruction Register
Accumulator
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a dedicated register that stores the address of the next instruction to execute.
Program Counter
Accumulator
Stack Pointer
Instruction Register
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a dedicated register containing information about the intermediate states or outcomes of various processes in the processor.
Status Register
Program Counter
Instruction Register
Stack Pointer
Fill in the blank: ________ is the process of fetching from memory, decoding, and then reading and retrieving the required data from their addresses and executing the instruction.
Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycles
Memory Mapping
Instruction Pipelining
Address Bus Operation
Fill in the blank: An ________ is a set of sequenced operations in machine code that can be recognised by a particular processor as the execution of a command.
Instruction Set
Data Bus
Cache Memory
Control Unit
Fill in the blank: The part of an instruction that explains what action the instruction performs is called the _______.
Opcode
Operand
Register
Address
Fill in the blank: The part of an instruction with a value, memory address or register that the instruction will act on during its execution is called the _______.
Operand
Opcode
Bus
Flag
Fill in the blank: A form of addressing an instruction such that the operand is the address of the required datum (singular of data) is called _______.
Direct Addressing
Immediate Addressing
Indexed Addressing
Indirect Addressing
Fill in the blank: A form of addressing an instruction such that the operand is the required datum (singular of data) is called _______.
Immediate Addressing
Direct Addressing
Indirect Addressing
Indexed Addressing
Fill in the blank: A machine code instruction that adds a given value to the value in a register, and stores the sum in the specified destination memory address is called _______.
Add
Move
Subtract
Multiply
Fill in the blank: A set of machine code instructions that allow you to move to another part of the program either always (unconditional branching) or if a particular condition is met (conditional branching) is called _______.
Branch
Loop
Register
Accumulator
Fill in the blank: A machine code instruction that stops the execution of the program is called _______.
Halt
Jump
Load
Store
Fill in the blank: A machine code instruction that loads the value stored in the memory address specified in the instruction is called _______.
Load
Store
Jump
Add
Fill in the blank: A set of machine code instructions designed to perform a specified logical operation (OR, AND, NOT etc.) on the value in a register value and a value given in the instruction, storing the result in the specified destination memory address is called _______.
Logical Bitwise Operators
Arithmetic Shift Operators
Branch Instructions
Stack Operations
Fill in the blank: A machine code instruction that can shift the value stored in a given register by a number of bits (also given in the instruction) left or right, and stores the result in the specified destination memory address is called _______.
Logical Shift
Arithmetic Add
Bitwise AND
Jump Instruction
Fill in the blank: A machine code instruction that stores the value in a given register to a the specified destination memory address is called _______.
Store
Load
Jump
Add
Fill in the blank: A machine code instruction that subtracts a given value from the value in a register, and stores the difference in the specified destination memory address is called _______.
Subtract
Add
Multiply
Move
Fill in the blank: A signal sent by a program to request the processor for attention from the current task(s) is called an _______.
Interrupt
Register
Cache
Pipeline
Fill in the blank: A block of code used by the processor to appropriately address interrupts is called an _______.
Interrupt Service Routine (ISR)
Interrupt Vector Table (IVT)
Direct Memory Access (DMA)
Program Counter (PC)
Fill in the blank: ________ are peripheral devices that allow the user to communicate and to pass readable data into a computer, decode it and send it to the CPU.
Input Devices
Output Devices
Storage Devices
Processing Devices
Fill in the blank: ________ are peripheral devices that take convert signals from a computer into a human-readable form.
Output Devices
Input Devices
Storage Devices
Processing Devices
Fill in the blank: A ________ is a secondary storage device consisting of circular magnetic discs. Data is stored magnetically in concentric circles on each disc, and is accessed by moving parts.
Hard Disk
Solid State Drive
Optical Drive
Flash Drive
Fill in the blank: An ________ is a secondary storage device consisting of a single disc that stores data as pits and lands on the disc’s surface, which can be read using a laser.
Optical Disk
Hard Disk
Magnetic Tape
Flash Drive
Fill in the blank: A ________ is a secondary storage device consisting of NAND flash memory and a controller that stores data electronically with no moving parts.
Solid State Disk
Hard Disk Drive
Optical Drive
Magnetic Tape
