WorksheetsHBHD Ch 19
Total questions: 57
Worksheet time: 29mins
What is the role of the liver in metabolism?
It stores vitamins and minerals.
It produces insulin.
It detoxifies chemicals and metabolizes drugs.
It absorbs nutrients from food.
Which of the following is a metabolic role of carbohydrates?
Building muscle tissue
Providing energy
Storing genetic information
Regulating body temperature
What is basal metabolic rate?
The rate at which the body uses energy while at rest
The rate of digestion of food
The speed of blood circulation
The rate of muscle contraction
Which condition is associated with eating or metabolism?
Hypertension
Diabetes
Asthma
Arthritis
What physiological mechanism regulates body temperature?
Sweating
Breathing
Heart rate
Digestion
What is the definition of nutrition?
The process of using nutrient molecules as energy sources
Food, vitamins, and minerals that are ingested and assimilated into the body
The breakdown of food in the stomach
The conversion of food into waste
What does metabolism refer to?
The storage of fat in the body
The process of using nutrient molecules as energy sources and as building blocks for our own molecules
The digestion of food in the intestines
The absorption of water in the body
What is the process called that breaks food molecules down, releasing their stored energy, and requires oxygen?
Anabolism
Catabolism
Photosynthesis
Glycolysis
Which process involves building nutrient molecules into complex chemical compounds?
Catabolism
Fermentation
Anabolism
Respiration
What are the four main food groups represented on the MyPlate diagram?
Fruits, Grains, Vegetables, Protein
Fruits, Grains, Dairy, Sweets
Vegetables, Protein, Dairy, Fats
Grains, Protein, Sweets, Dairy
Which section of the MyPlate diagram is not part of the main plate but is still included?
Dairy
Protein
Vegetables
Grains
What is one of the metabolic functions of the liver related to blood glucose?
It increases blood glucose concentration.
It helps maintain normal blood glucose concentration.
It decreases blood glucose concentration.
It has no effect on blood glucose concentration.
Which of the following is a function of the liver in protein metabolism?
It breaks down proteins into amino acids.
It synthesizes several kinds of protein compounds.
It converts proteins into carbohydrates.
It stores proteins for later use.
How does the liver contribute to detoxification?
It stores toxins for later removal.
It removes toxins from the blood.
It converts toxins into harmless substances.
It increases toxin levels in the blood.
What role does the liver play in vitamin storage?
It synthesizes vitamins.
It stores some vitamins.
It converts vitamins into energy.
It releases vitamins into the bloodstream.
What are the "big three" macronutrients in our diets?
Vitamins, minerals, and water
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
Fiber, water, and minerals
Proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates
What are vitamins and minerals classified as?
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
Carbohydrates
Proteins
What is the preferred energy nutrient of the body?
Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
What type of process is glycolysis?
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Photosynthetic
Fermentative
What is glucose converted into during glycolysis?
Lactic acid
Citric acid
Pyruvic acid
Acetic acid
How does energy transferred to ATP differ from energy in nutrient molecules?
It is stored for long periods.
It is released almost instantly.
It cannot be used for cellular work.
It is stored in the liver.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in metabolism?
To be stored as fat.
To be used for building proteins.
To be catabolized for energy.
To be converted into amino acids.
Where does glycogenesis primarily occur in the body?
In muscle cells.
In liver cells.
In fat cells.
In red blood cells.
What is the process called when glucose is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells?
Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis
Glycolysis
Gluconeogenesis
During anaerobic metabolism in the cytoplasm, glucose is converted into which compound?
Acetyl CoA
Citric acid
Pyruvic acid
Carbon dioxide
In aerobic metabolism, what is the final product of the electron transport system?
2 ATP
36 ATP
Pyruvic acid
Acetyl CoA
Where does the citric acid (Krebs) cycle occur?
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Ribosome
What type of process is the citric acid (Krebs) cycle?
Anaerobic process
Aerobic process
Photosynthetic process
Fermentation process
What does the citric acid (Krebs) cycle change acetyl CoA into?
Water
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
What is the main form of energy leaving the citric acid (Krebs) cycle?
ATP
High-energy electrons
Heat
Light
What does ATP stand for in biological terms?
Adenosine Triphosphate
Adenine Triphosphate
Adenosine Diphosphate
Adenine Diphosphate
What is released when ATP is converted to ADP?
Oxygen
Energy
Carbon Dioxide
Water
What are the components of ATP?
Adenine, Ribose, Three Phosphate Groups
Adenine, Ribose, Two Phosphate Groups
Guanine, Ribose, Three Phosphate Groups
Cytosine, Ribose, Two Phosphate Groups
What is the normal range of blood glucose during fasting?
50 to 70 mg per 100 ml
80 to 110 mg per 100 ml
120 to 150 mg per 100 ml
150 to 180 mg per 100 ml
What effect does insulin have on blood glucose levels?
Increases blood glucose and decreases glucose catabolism
Decreases blood glucose and increases glucose catabolism
Has no effect on blood glucose levels
Only increases glucose catabolism
What is the primary role of fats in metabolism?
To build muscle tissue
To serve as an energy nutrient
To form enzymes
To store vitamins
How are excess fats processed in the body?
Converted to proteins
Stored as glycogen
Anabolized to form adipose tissue
Used to build bone
Under what condition are proteins catabolized for energy?
When carbohydrate and fat stores are depleted
Immediately after a meal
During sleep
When exercising
What process breaks apart amino acids to convert them to glucose?
Glycolysis
Lipolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Fermentation
What is the primary molecule that carbohydrates are broken down into during catabolism?
Glucose
Fatty acids
Amino acids
Glycerol
Which cycle is central to the catabolism of nutrients for energy production?
Calvin cycle
Citric acid cycle
Urea cycle
Glycolysis
What are proteins broken down into during the catabolic process?
Glucose
Fatty acids
Amino acids
Glycerol
What is avitaminosis?
Excess of a vitamin
Deficiency of a vitamin
Normal levels of a vitamin
Overproduction of a vitamin
What can avitaminosis C lead to?
Diabetes
Scurvy
Hypertension
Obesity
What is hypervitaminosis?
Deficiency of a vitamin
Excess of a vitamin
Normal metabolism
Lack of metabolism
Which of the following can be a characteristic of hypervitaminosis?
It is always acute
It is always chronic
It may be chronic or acute
It is never serious
What role does Vitamin A play in the body?
It helps in the absorption of calcium.
It acts as an antioxidant.
It plays a role in detecting light in the sensory cells of the retina.
It helps in the synthesis of proteins.
How does Vitamin D contribute to the body's functions?
It acts as an antioxidant.
It helps regulate calcium homeostasis by converting to a hormone.
It aids in digestion.
It enhances the immune system.
What is the function of Vitamin E in the body?
It helps in the production of red blood cells.
It acts as an antioxidant that prevents highly reactive molecules.
It aids in the digestion of fats.
It supports the synthesis of DNA.
What are minerals as described in the learning material?
Organic molecules found in plants
Inorganic molecules found naturally in the Earth
Synthetic compounds created in laboratories
Organic molecules found in animals
Why are minerals required by the body according to the learning material?
For energy production
For normal function, including nerve conduction
For muscle growth
For fat storage
How do minerals assist enzymes as mentioned in the learning material?
By breaking down enzymes
By attaching to enzymes to facilitate their work
By converting enzymes into proteins
By inhibiting enzyme activity
Which center in the brain promotes the feeling of hunger?
Satiety center
Appetite center
Thirst center
Sleep center
What is the function of the satiety center?
Promotes feeling of hunger
Promotes feeling of thirst
Promotes feeling of being "full" or "satisfied"
Promotes feeling of sleepiness
What is the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
The rate of metabolism when a person is exercising
The rate of metabolism when a person is lying down but awake and not digesting food
The total amount of energy used by the body per day
The rate of metabolism when a person is sleeping
What does Total Metabolic Rate (TMR) represent?
The energy used by the body during exercise
The energy used by the body while sleeping
The total amounts of energy, expressed in calories, used by the body per day
The energy used by the body when digesting food
