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Female Pelvis

Total questions: 118

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the external accessory organs of the female reproductive system?

a)

labia majora/minora, clitoris, vestibule gland

b)

Iliac crest, ischial spine, sacral promontory, pubic symphysis

c)

Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix

d)

Rectum, sigmoid colon, coccyx, sacrum

2.

The bony pelvis is divided into true and false pelvis by the ________.

a)

pelvic brim

b)

sacral promontory

c)

ischial spine

d)

pubic symphysis

3.

Which of the following bones is not part of the bony pelvis?

a)

2 Innominate bones

b)

Sacrum

c)

Coccyx

d)

All of the above are bones of the bony pelvis

4.

Which of the following is not located in the lesser pelvis?

a)

Ovaries

b)

Ureters

c)

Bladder

d)

Uterus

e)

kidneys

5.

Which muscle forms the floor (pelvic diaphragm) of the true pelvis?

a)

Levator ani & coccygeus

b)

Rectus abdominis

c)

Gluteus maximus

d)

Psoas major

6.

The piriformis & coccygeus muscle form the posterolateral walls of the true pelvis.

a)

True

b)

False

7.

Which two muscles of the false pelvis join together to make the iliopsoas muscle?

a)

Psoas major & iliacus

b)

Gluteus maximus & gluteus Medius

c)

Rectus abdominis & external oblique

d)

Adductor longus & gracilis

8.

What are the muscles that make up the abdominal wall?

a)

Rectus abdominis, external/internal obliques, transversus abdominis

b)

Biceps brachii, triceps brachii, deltoid

c)

Gluteus maximus, sartorius, gracilis

d)

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, trapezius

9.

Which organ has its apex posterior to the pubic bones, base anterior to the vagina, and neck resting on the diaphragm?

a)

Bladder

b)

Uterus

c)

Rectum

d)

Ovary

10.

What arteries supply blood to the vagina?

a)

Vaginal and uterine arteries

b)

Ovarian and renal arteries

c)

Femoral and popliteal arteries

d)

Internal thoracic and subclavian arteries

11.

The cervix projects into the vagina and forms what 4 recesses?

a)

Fornices

b)

Rugae

c)

Labia minora

d)

Hymen

12.

What are the 4 parts of the uterus?

a)

Fundus, body, isthmus, cervix

b)

Ovary, fallopian tube, vagina

c)

Endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium

d)

Isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum

13.

What is the typical uterine size in a postmenopausal woman?

a)

3.5–5.5 cm

b)

6–8 cm

c)

2–3 cm

d)

8–10 cm

14.

Which uterine layer is the outer serosa?

a)

Perimetrium

b)

Endometrium

c)

Myometrium

d)

Epimetrium

15.

Which uterine layer is muscular & the middle layer?

a)

Myometrium

b)

Endometrium

c)

Perimetrium

d)

Epimetrium

16.

Which uterine layer is the inner mucosa responsive to hormones?

a)

Endometrium

b)

Myometrium

c)

Perimetrium

d)

Serosa

17.

Which ligament supports the cervix?

a)

Broad ligament

b)

Round ligament

c)

Cardinal & uterosacral ligament

d)

Suspensory & ovarian ligament

18.

The broad ligament of the uterus contains which of the following?

a)

Mesovarium & mesosalpinx

b)

Ovarian arteries

c)

Tunica albuginea

d)

Fimbriae

19.

The round ligament connects the fundus of the uterus to the ______ pelvic wall.

a)

anterior

b)

posterior

c)

lateral

d)

inferior

20.

Which ligament supports the ovaries?

a)

Broad ligament

b)

Round ligament

c)

Cardinal ligament

d)

Suspensory, ovarian ligament, & broad ligament

21.

Name the segments of the fallopian tube.

a)

Infundibulum (fimbriae), ampulla (fertilization), isthmus, interstitial (mural)

b)

Cervix, fundus, body, isthmus

c)

Infundibulum, cervix, ampulla, body

d)

Ampulla, isthmus, cervix, fundus

22.

The blood supply to the fallopian tubes is provided by:

a)

Uterine arteries

b)

Ovarian arteries/veins

c)

Renal arteries

d)

Mesenteric arteries

23.

Where are the ovaries located?

a)

Ovarian fossa but highly variable, attached to posterior part of broad ligament (mesovarium)

b)

Pelvic inlet, anterior to the bladder

c)

Within the uterine cavity, attached to the endometrium

d)

In the abdominal wall, lateral to the rectus abdominis

24.

What does the tunica albuginea surround in the female pelvis?

a)

Ovaries

b)

fallopian tubes

c)

vagina

d)

uterus

25.

Which vein does the right ovarian vein drain into?

a)

Inferior vena cava (IVC)

b)

Left renal vein

c)

Portal vein

d)

Femoral vein

26.

The ______ arteries supply which uterine layer and shed during menses?

a)

The spiral arteries supply the zona functionalis, which sheds during menses.

b)

The spiral arteries supply the zona basalis, which sheds during menses.

c)

The straight arteries supply the myometrium, which sheds during menses.

d)

The straight arteries supply the perimetrium, which sheds during menses

27.

During which days does ovulation typically occur?

a)

Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 of the menstrual cycle when LH is high.

b)

Ovulation typically occurs around day 1 of the menstrual cycle.

c)

Ovulation typically occurs around day 21 of the menstrual cycle.

d)

Ovulation typically occurs around day 28 of the menstrual cycle.

28.

What is the typical duration of the menstrual cycle?

a)

~28 days

b)

~14 days

c)

~7 days

d)

~40 days

29.

What is the term for the onset of normal physiologic and endocrine processes of puberty before the age of 8?

a)

Menarche

b)

Menopause

c)

Precocious puberty

d)

Premenarche

30.

Menarche refers to:

a)

Before puberty

b)

the first menstrual period

c)

Cessation of menses

d)

Painful periods

31.

Menopause is the ________ of menses.

a)

cessation

b)

beginning

c)

increase

d)

continuation

32.

Menorrhagia refers to:

a)

Painful periods

b)

Heavy bleeding

c)

No periods

d)

Short cycles

33.

Which hormone triggers ovulation?

a)

GnRH

b)

FSH

c)

LH

d)

Estrogen

34.

FSH is responsible for ________ growth.

a)

follicular

b)

muscular

c)

cartilage

d)

epidermal

35.

If pregnancy does not occur, the corpus luteum regresses and leads to ________.

a)

menses

b)

ovulation

c)

fertilization

d)

implantation

36.

Which hormone increases during the Proliferative phase, leading to endometrial thickening?

a)

Estrogen

b)

Progesterone

c)

Testosterone

d)

Cortisol

37.

What is the 'Three-line sign' associated with?

a)

Menstrual phase

b)

Proliferative phase

c)

Secretory phase

d)

Postmenopausal phase

38.

What happens to the endometrium during the Secretory phase (Days 15–28)?

a)

Progesterone increases, thickens endometrium & becomes echogenic

b)

Estrogen decreases, endometrium thins, becomes hypoechoic

c)

LH surges, endometrium sheds completely

d)

FSH increases, endometrium remains unchanged

39.

Which of the following is a sonographic change in the endometrium during Menses'?

a)

3-line sign

b)

Thin line, fluid/debris possible

c)

echogenic SUPER THICK

d)

Isoechoic

40.

 The movement of an egg cell down a uterine tube is aided by 

a)

ciliary action

b)

peristaltic contractions

c)

both ciliary action and peristaltic contractions

d)

flagellum on the egg cell

41.

 Salpingitis is an infection of:

a)

Fallopian tube

b)

uterus

c)

vagina

d)

ovary

42.

the hormone that releases from the corpus luteum from the ruptured ovarian follicle is:

a)

Estrogen

b)

FSH

c)

LH

d)

Progesterone

43.

All are parts of fallopian tube except:

a)

Ampulla

b)

infundibulum

c)

Corpus

d)

Intramural

44.

The foramen ovale is an opening that allows fetal blood to pass from the 

a)

right atrium to the left atrium

b)

left atrium to the right atrium

c)

right ventricle to the left ventricle

d)

left ventricle to the right ventricle

45.

What is the most common cystic lesion of the vagina?

a)

Gartner Duct cyst

b)

Hematoma

c)

Pyocele

d)

adenocarcinoma

46.

What is the most common congenital abnormality of the female genital tract?

a)

Imperforate Hymen

b)

didelphic uterus

c)

two horned uterus

d)

bicornuate uterus

47.

The hormone oxytocin aids the birth process by stimulating 

a)

Fetal muscular movement

b)

Uterine wall contractions

c)

an increase in progesterone secretion

d)

an increase in estrogen secretion

48.

In the female reproductive cycle, menstrual flow occurs when the concentrations of 

a)

estrogen and progesterone are low

b)

estrogen and progesterone are high

c)

estrogen is high and progesterone is low

d)

progesterone is high and estrogen is low

49.

All are parts of ovi duct except:

a)

Fimbriae

b)

Calpo    

c)

Ampulla

d)

Infundibulum

50.

The tubular portion of the uterus that extends downward into the upper part of the vagina is the 

a)

Fundus

b)

cervix

c)

Perimetrium

d)

Endometrium

51.

Metritis means:

a)

Infection of Fallopian Tube

b)

Infection of the vaginal canal

c)

Infection of the ovaries

d)

Infection of the uterus 

52.

The postnatal period extends from:

a)

the fertilized egg until the end of life.

b)

fertilization until birth.

c)

Birth to death

d)

becoming a parent until death.

53.

All are parts of uterus except:

a)

Fundus

b)

Vagina

c)

Body

d)

Cervix

54.

 Ductus venosus constricts and becomes:

a)

Ligamentum Arteriosum

b)

Umbilical ligament

c)

Ligamentum teres

d)

none of the above

55.

The fertilization of an egg occurs in the uterine tube

a)

True

b)

False

56.

Estrogen and progesterone are produced by ovaries:

a)

True

b)

False

57.

Uterine wall contain layers from outside to inside:

a)

Perimetrium, Myometrium, Endometrium   

b)

Myometrium, Endometrium, Perimetrium

58.

The cortex of the ovaries contain:

a)

Blood vessels

b)

Follicles

c)

Connective tissues

d)

Lymphatic vessels

59.

The fetal stage of development begins at the end of the 

a)

Seventh week

b)

Fourth week

c)

Tenth week

d)

Second week

60.

FSH stimulates a primordial follicle to start the maturation process. 

a)

True

b)

False

61.

Meiosis occurs during 

a)

spermatogenesis only

b)

oogenesis only

c)

both spermatogenesis and oogenesis

d)

neither spermatogenesis nor oogenesis

62.

The hormone that stimulates the mammary glands to secrete milk is  

a)

Estrogen

b)

Oxytocin

c)

Prolactin

d)

Progesterone

63.

All are parts of uterus except:

a)

Corpus

b)

fundus

c)

cervix

d)

ampulla

64.

All hormones are from pituitary gland except:

a)

FSH

b)

Estrogen

c)

Prolactin

d)

Oxytocin

65.

The combining of egg and sperm chromosomes is called 

a)

Fertilization

b)

Implantation

c)

Cleavage

d)

Labor

66.

An increase in the hormone FSH at approximately day 14 causes ovulation

a)

False

b)

True

67.

The fallopian tube is attached to the lateral border of uterus:

a)

True

b)

False

68.

The cells of a blastocyst that give rise to the body of the developing offspring constitute the 

a)

Blastomere

b)

Inner cell mass

c)

Trophoblast

d)

Zona pellucida

69.

Blood rich in oxygen and nutrients is transported from the placenta to the fetus in a(an) 

a)

Umbilical vein

b)

Umbilical artery

c)

ductus venosus

d)

ductus arteriosus

70.

Which of the following best describes the numbers of blood vessels usually found in the umbilical cord? 

a)

One artery and one vein

b)

One artery and two veins

c)

Two arteries and one vein 

d)

Two arteries and two veins

71.

Oogenesis takes place in the ___, and produces ___ for each cell that undergoes the process.

a)

Follicles/two egg cells

b)

Ovaries/three egg cells

c)

Follicles/four egg cells

d)

Ovaries/one egg cell         

72.

Androgens are 

a)

male sex hormones

b)

female sex hormones

c)

releasing hormones

d)

gonadotropins

73.

The primary organs of the female reproductive system are the uterus and vagina. 

a)

True

b)

False

74.

The uterine artery arises from the?

a)

Ovarian artery

b)

External iliac artery

c)

Internal iliac artery aka hypogastric artery

d)

Aorta

75.

The uterus and vagina arise from which embryonic duct?

a)

Vistuble duct

b)

Urosinus

c)

paramesonephric duct aka Mullerian duct

d)

mesonephric duct aka wolffin duct

76.

The adnexa is located?

a)

posterior the rectum

b)

Posterior to the broad ligament

c)

Anterior to broad ligament

d)

Anterior to bladder

77.

The vessels seen in the periphery of the uterus are called?

a)

Arcuate

b)

uterine

c)

ovarian

d)

tubal

78.

The texture of the myometrium of the uterus may be described as?

a)

heterogenous

b)

Homogenous with smooth borders

c)

Heterogenous with smooth borders

d)

homogenous with irregular borders

79.

The mullerian duct is important to development of the?

a)

Fallopian tube

b)

ovary

c)

Female internal reproductive organs

d)

Uterine canal

80.

The ovary is located lateral to the____ and anteromedial to the ____.

a)

round ligament, broad ligament.

b)

uterus, internal iliac vessels

c)

external iliac vessels, piriformis.

d)

obturator internus, internal iliac vessels.

81.

The highest oxygenated blood is found in what fetal chamber?

a)

right atrium

b)

right ventricle

c)

left atrium

d)

left ventricle

82.

Polycystic ovaries usually have cysts that are:

a)

Around the periphery of the ovary

b)

Throughout the ovary

c)

large and septated

d)

infected

83.

Teratomas are:

a)

Complex masses

b)

cystic masses

c)

always malignant

d)

lethal

84.

which of the following is not an adnexal structure?

a)

Ovarian ligaments

b)

ovaries

c)

uterus

d)

fallopian tubes

e)

broad ligament

85.

Theca lutein cysts are:

a)

Large cystic masses with prominent septations

b)

benign teratomas in which ectodermal elements are preponderant

c)

the most common large cystic masses which may contain a lattice of internal thin walled septations

d)

The largest of the functional cysts associated with trophoblastic disease or hyperstimulation of hCG

86.

Which of the following can cause obstruction and lead to hydrocalpometrium?

a)

Imperforate hymen

b)

Vaginal cuff

c)

Bicornuate uterus

d)

Didelphys uterus

87.

Which recess is located between the pubic bone and the bladder?

a)

Space of Retziu

b)

rectouterine pouch

c)

vesicouterine pouch

d)

Morrisons pouch

88.

What is the most common lesion of the cervix? This lesion usually results from chronic cervicitis or an obstructed transcervical gland.

a)

Swiss cheese or honeycomb lesion

b)

Nabothian cyst aka Epithelial inclusion cyst

c)

Gartner duct cyst

d)

chocolate cyst

89.

What is the most common Gynecologic tumor of the uterus mostly seen in 30yo African women, composed of smooth muscle cells arranged in a whorl-like pattern & is also estrogen dependent?

a)

Endometriosis

b)

Leiomyoma aka fibroids

c)

Adenomyosis

d)

AVMS

90.

what is the most common cause of uterine calcifications?

a)

Leiomyomas (fibroids)

b)

monckeberg arteriosclerosis

c)

endometrial hyperplasia

d)

Adenomyosis

91.

Which of the following is a benign disease where ectopic tissue invades the myometrium described on ultrasound as swiss cheese or honeycomb pattern?

a)

fibroids

b)

Adenomyosis

c)

endometriosis

d)

Theca luteal cyst

92.

Which of the following is a common condition where ectopic endometrial tissue is found almost anywhere in the pelvis, is referred to as a chocolate cyst.

a)

Gartner cyst

b)

stromal tumor

c)

Endometriosis or Endometrioma

d)

Granulosa

93.

Which of the following is known as intrauterine adhesions that form after trauma or surgery especially in curettage, that can lead to infertility and miscarriages?

a)

none of the above

b)

endometrial carcinoma

c)

Synechia or Asherman syndrome

d)

Endomitrial hyperplasia

94.

Which of the following is the most common gynecologic malignancy in north America mostly seen in postmenopausal women, may arise from endometrial hyperplasia

a)

Adenomyosis

b)

Endometrial carcinoma or Adenocarcinoma

c)

Nabothian cyst

d)

chocolate cyst

95.

which endometrial phase is E.?

a)

luteal

b)

Secretory

c)

proliferative phase

d)

menstrual phase

96.

when only the body and the fundus of the uterus are flexed posteriorly it is

a)

Anteflexed

b)

anteverted

c)

retroflexed

d)

retroverted

97.

The failure of fusion that has two vaginas, two cervices, two uterine bodies is known as?

a)

bicornuate uterus

b)

didelphys uterus

c)

bicornis unicollis uterus

d)

arcuate uterus

98.

The area of attachment of the fallopian tubes to the uterus is the:

a)

Fundus

b)

corpus

c)

Isthmus

d)

Cornua

99.

The recesses of the vagina are the:

a)

Cornu

b)

isthmi

c)

Fornices

d)

Parity

100.

The location of a fibroid within the myometrium is termed:

a)

subserosal

b)

intracavitary

c)

intramural

d)

submucosal

101.

which of the following would typically not be associated with amenorrhea?

a)

asherman syndrome

b)

polycystic ovarian syndrome

c)

pregnancy

d)

adenomyosis

102.

All of the following are associated with acute pelvic pain except:

a)

Pelvic inflammatory disease

b)

Ruptured ovarian hemorrhagic cyst

c)

Perforated intrauterine contraceptive device

d)

Asherman syndrome

103.

which of the following would most likely be associated with hirsutism?

a)

polycystic ovarian syndrome

b)

Meigs syndrome

c)

Adenomyosis

d)

Adenomyomatosis

104.

What artifact would be seen posterior to a tooth within a cystic teratoma?

a)

Ring-down

b)

Reverberation

c)

Trough transmission

d)

Shadowing

105.

Both the straight and spiral arteries are branches of the:

a)

Common iliac artery

b)

Radial artery

c)

arcuate artery

d)

external iliac artery

106.

The anterior cul-de-sac is also refered to as the:

a)

Space of retzuis

b)

Rectouterine pouch

c)

Pouch of douglas

d)

Vesicouterine pouch

107.

What is the relationship of the lesser pelvis to the greater pelvis?

a)

located more inferiorly

b)

located more laterally

c)

located more anteriorly

d)

located more superiorly

108.

What part of the cervix is closest to the vagina

a)

Internal os

b)

internal canal

c)

adventitia

d)

External os

109.

Arcuate artery calcification of the uterus is less commonly caused by underlying disease such as diabetes, hypertension, chronic renal failure these calcifications are termed:

a)

Arteriovenous malformations

b)

Cervical stenosis

c)

Monckeberg arteriosclerosis

d)

Adenomyosis

110.

All of the following are associated with small fluid collections in the endometrium except:

a)

Recent abortions

b)

Ectopic pregnancy

c)

Endometritis

d)

Imperforate hymen

111.

which of the following is associated with the "whirlpool sign"?

a)

Ovarian Torsion

b)

Hyrdosalpinx

c)

OHS

d)

Ovarian carcinoma

112.

The ovarian cyst that are often bilateral & associated with high levels of hCG are the:

a)

Corpus luteum cyst

b)

paraovarian cyst

c)

granulosa cysts

d)

theca lutein cysts

113.

The cystic mass commonly seen with pregnancy is the:

a)

Corpus luteum

b)

Dermoid cyst

c)

dysgerminoma

d)

serous cystadenoma

114.

The most common benign ovarian tumor:

a)

Cystic teratoma

b)

mucinous cystadenoma

c)

fibroma

d)

sertoli-leydig cell tumor

115.

With what ovarian tumor is meigs syndrome most likely associated with?

a)

Dysgerminoma

b)

Cystic teratoma

c)

Fibroma

d)

Yolk sac tumor

116.

What ovarian tumor will most likely have a moth-eaten appearance on ultrasound?

a)

Cystic teratoma

b)

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

c)

Krukenberg tumor

d)

Sertoli-leydig tumor

117.

A leiomyoma that deforms the endometrial cavity and may cause irregular or heavy menstrual bleeding is known as:

a)

Pedunculated fibroid

b)

subserosal fibroid

c)

Submucosal fibroid

d)

intramural fibroid

118.

What is the most common hormone active estrogen tumor of the ovary that resembles the graafin follicle. Common after menopause it is a feminizing tumor though leading to precocious puberty?

a)

mucinous cystadenoma

b)

dysgerminoma

c)

Granulosa

d)

Thecoma

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