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WorksheetsD39 MASTER THE DAY
Total questions: 111
Worksheet time: 2hrs 42mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Which type of canal alignment does not require cross drainage work and irrigates one side?
a)
Ridge canal
b)
Contour canal
c)
Side slope canal
d)
Feeder canal
2.
Which type of outlet shows hydraulic jump in downstream expanding flume?
a)
Non-modular
b)
Modular
c)
Semi-modular
d)
Rigid module
3.
Which structure is used to regulate discharge and control silt at canal offtake?
a)
Head regulator
b)
Cross regulator
c)
Escape
d)
Outlet
4.
Which lining material uses clay pugged by cattle feet?
a)
Soil-cement lining
b)
Clay puddle lining
c)
Sodium carbonate lining
d)
Stone pitching
5.
What is the purpose of providing a counter berm or back berm in a canal?
a)
To guide flow direction
b)
To avoid erosion from flow
c)
To cover saturation line and prevent bank failure
d)
To reduce seepage losses
6.
Which type of fall is constructed with ogee curve and limited to low discharges?
a)
Vertical drop fall
b)
Glacis fall
c)
Ogee fall
d)
Trapezoidal notch fall
7.
Which module maintains constant discharge irrespective of head levels?
a)
Kennedy's semi-module
b)
Submerged pipe outlet
c)
Crump's module
d)
Gibb's module
8.
What is the slope of a typical rapid fall?
a)
1:5 to 1:10
b)
1:15 to 1:20
c)
1:20 to 1:25
d)
1:10 to 1:15
9.
What is the maximum width allowed for inside borrow pits?
a)
Equal to bed width
b)
1/4th of bed width
c)
Half of bed width (b/2)
d)
Twice the bed width
10.
Which outlet type includes Crump's open flume?
a)
Modular outlet
b)
Non-modular outlet
c)
Semi-modular outlet
d)
Fixed outlet
11.
Which type of canal uses trapezoidal cross-section most commonly?
a)
Contour canal
b)
Feeder canal
c)
Alluvial canal
d)
All canals
12.
What is the minimum cover above the saturation line in canal banks?
a)
0.1 m
b)
0.2 m
c)
0.3 m
d)
0.5 m
13.
What are dead men (sahti/tatti/mattom) used for in canal works?
a)
To support canal lining
b)
To indicate canal depth
c)
To provide slope support
d)
To measure velocity
14.
Which type of canal is constructed through alluvial soils?
a)
Feeder canal
b)
Non-alluvial canal
c)
Alluvial canal
d)
Lined canal
15.
Which fall has a raised crest followed by a straight or parabolic glacis?
a)
Montague fall
b)
Modern glacis fall
c)
Vertical drop fall
d)
Ogee fall
16.
Which structure is constructed at the tail end to remove surplus water from the system?
a)
Cross regulator
b)
Canal escape
c)
Tail cluster
d)
Outlet
17.
Which type of canal work involves acquiring land between the outer toes of the banks?
a)
Permanent land width
b)
Temporary land width
c)
Borrow pit land
d)
Command area
18.
Which structure is built on the main canal to increase upstream water level during low flow?
a)
Head regulator
b)
Canal outlet
c)
Cross regulator
d)
Escape regulator
19.
Which material is preferred for canal lining in areas with a high water table?
a)
Soil cement
b)
Stone pitching
c)
Clay puddle
d)
Shotcrete
20.
Which type of outlet has discharge dependent on both parent and field channel levels?
a)
Modular
b)
Semi-modular
c)
Non-modular
d)
Rigid
21.
Which type of land is temporarily acquired for construction purposes?
a)
Borrow land
b)
Command land
c)
Permanent land
d)
Temporary land
22.
Which canal type is usually not provided with any headworks?
a)
Perennial canal
b)
Feeder canal
c)
Inundation canal
d)
Carrier canal
23.
Which of the following helps eliminate flooding due to seepage?
a)
Dowla
b)
Freeboard
c)
Lining
d)
Berm
24.
In canal design, what does the term 'FSL' stand for?
a)
Flood Stream Level
b)
Full Supply Level
c)
Free Slope Level
d)
Final Section Line
25.
Which fall structure is most suitable for measuring canal discharge?
a)
Vertical drop fall
b)
Trapezoidal notch fall
c)
Glacis fall
d)
Baffle fall
26.
What does the term 'flexibility' of an outlet refer to?
a)
Change in water level
b)
Change in discharge with canal discharge
c)
Change in head loss
d)
Change in velocity
27.
Which type of canal lining is placed at around 200°C?
a)
Soil cement
b)
Brick lining
c)
Shotcrete
d)
Asphaltic lining
28.
Which shape is commonly used for canal cross-sections for stability and hydraulics?
a)
Rectangular
b)
Circular
c)
Trapezoidal
d)
Elliptical
29.
What is the purpose of a service road on canal banks?
a)
To store lining materials
b)
To serve as emergency escape path
c)
To inspect and maintain the canal
d)
To transport water
30.
Which component in unlined canals helps monitor whether silting or scouring is occurring?
a)
Dowla
b)
Dead man
c)
Berm
d)
Bed bars
31.
Which part of the canal section provides margin above FSL to prevent overtopping?
a)
Dowla
b)
Freeboard
c)
Counter berm
d)
Berm
32.
What is the purpose of a tail cluster?
a)
Release water into aqueduct
b)
Operate canal fall gates
c)
Group of outlets at tail end
d)
Control upstream flow
33.
Which type of cross drainage work allows open channel canal flow under a drain?
a)
Syphon aqueduct
b)
Super passage
c)
Aqueduct
d)
Canal syphon
34.
What is the slope of the saturation line also known as?
a)
Seepage ratio
b)
Hydraulic grade line
c)
Saturation gradient
d)
Water table gradient
35.
Assertion (A): Modular outlets are insensitive to water level fluctuations.
Reason (R): Modular outlets discharge is independent of both canal and field channel heads.
a)
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b)
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c)
A is true but R is false
d)
A is false but R is true
36.
Assertion (A): Shotcrete lining is used only for repairing old canals.
Reason (R): Shotcrete cannot be applied on fresh subgrades.
a)
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b)
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c)
A is true but R is false
d)
A is false but R is true
37.
A canal requires a cement concrete lining using M10 grade. What is the typical thickness used?
a)
2-5 cm
b)
5-10 cm
c)
7.5–15 cm
d)
10–20 cm
38.
A rectangular canal has
the depth D = 1.5 m, what is the berm width?
a)
1.5 m
b)
3.0 m
c)
2.0 m
d)
2.5 m
39.
Which lining type is most effective in preventing erosion due to high velocity flow?
a)
Clay puddle lining
b)
Cement concrete lining
c)
Sodium carbonate lining
d)
Soil-cement lining
40.
What is the sensitivity of a modular outlet?
a)
1
b)
0
c)
Depends on discharge
d)
Greater than 1
41.
Which canal regulation structure is constructed at the start of a watercourse?
a)
Cross regulator
b)
Head regulator
c)
Outlet
d)
Escape
42.
Which cross-drainage work is reverse of aqueduct with open channel flow?
a)
Canal syphon
b)
Syphon aqueduct
c)
Super passage
d)
Inlet outlet system
43.
Which fall is suitable for discharges up to 15 cumec with vertical drop of 1.5m?
a)
Montague fall
b)
Sarda fall
c)
Trapezoidal notch fall
d)
Baffle fall
44.
What is the main purpose of a head regulator?
a)
Measure velocity
b)
Discharge excess water
c)
Regulate flow into off-taking channel
d)
Avoid seepage
45.
Which outlet type is used where discharge is independent of both canal and field channel?
a)
Non-modular
b)
Semi-modular
c)
Modular
d)
Crump’s module
46.
Which type of fall uses a high crested wall with constant depth and turbulent diffusion?
a)
Rapid fall
b)
Ogee fall
c)
Trapezoidal notch fall
d)
Vertical drop fall
47.
Which canal has the highest discharge and originates directly from the river?
a)
Branch canal
b)
Main canal
c)
Minor distributary
d)
Water course
48.
Which regulator is built to increase water level upstream of offtake during low flows?
a)
Cross regulator
b)
Escape
c)
Flume
d)
Tail cluster
49.
Which value of n is used for sensitivity-flexibility relation in trapezoidal canals?
a)
1
b)
1.33
c)
1.67
d)
2.0
50.
Which term describes discharge per unit change in water level in the canal?
a)
Flexibility
b)
Velocity index
c)
Sensitivity
d)
Modularity
51.
Which type of canal runs at right angles to contours and parallel to drainage?
a)
Ridge canal
b)
Contour canal
c)
Side slope canal
d)
Navigation canal
52.
Which type of canal is constructed through hard soil or disintegrated rock?
a)
Alluvial canal
b)
Contour canal
c)
Non-alluvial canal
d)
Inundation canal
53.
What is the primary function of a pushta?
a)
Guide drainage water
b)
Cover over saturation line
c)
Side slope support
d)
Outlet platform
54.
Which lining type is prepared by mixing 90–95% soil and 5–10% cement?
a)
Asphaltic
b)
Soil-cement
c)
Shotcrete
d)
Clay puddle
55.
What is the width and depth limit for outside borrow pits in large canals?
a)
Width > 10 m, depth ≤ 30 cm
b)
Width > 5 m, depth ≤ 50 cm
c)
Width ≥ 10 m from bank toe, depth ≤ 30 cm
d)
Width ≥ 5 m from top edge, depth ≤ 50 cm
56.
Which fall structure provides a water cushion on downstream to dissipate energy?
a)
Vertical drop fall
b)
Montague fall
c)
Inglis fall
d)
Rapid fall
57.
Which canal classification is based on the financial return of the irrigation project?
a)
Protective and productive canals
b)
Feeder and carrier canals
c)
Ridge and contour canals
d)
Main and branch canals
58.
Which canal takes off from a branch canal and supplies directly to watercourses?
a)
Main canal
b)
Minor distributary
c)
Feeder canal
d)
Carrier canal
59.
Which canal is used to carry water for hydroelectric generation?
a)
Power canal
b)
Feeder canal
c)
Navigation canal
d)
Productive canal
60.
Which canal is aligned nearly at right angles to contours and parallel to drainage?
a)
Side slope canal
b)
Ridge canal
c)
Contour canal
d)
Carrier canal
61.
Which canal carries the highest discharge but is not used for direct irrigation?
a)
Minor distributary
b)
Branch canal
c)
Main canal
d)
Watercourse
62.
What is the primary function of a navigation canal?
a)
Feeding another canal
b)
Power generation
c)
Transport and navigation
d)
Flood control
63.
Which lining type is considered the most efficient for irrigation canals?
a)
Brick lining
b)
Asphaltic lining
c)
Cement concrete lining
d)
Shotcrete lining
64.
Which material is used in shotcrete lining for canals?
a)
Concrete blocks
b)
Cement and sand (1:4)
c)
Clay and water
d)
Asphalt and aggregate
65.
What is the typical thickness of cement concrete lining in M15 grade concrete?
a)
2.5 cm
b)
5–10 cm
c)
15–20 cm
d)
7.5–15 cm
66.
What is the advantage of using canal lining?
a)
Increase scouring
b)
Enhance sediment transport
c)
Reduce seepage
d)
Increase bed load
67.
Which of the following is an earth type lining?
a)
Brick lining
b)
Boulder pitching
c)
Clay puddle lining
d)
Cement concrete lining
68.
What is the ratio of soil to cement in soil-cement lining?
a)
50:50
b)
60:40
c)
90:10
d)
75:25
69.
Which canal lining is most suitable for irregular cross-sections?
a)
Asphaltic lining
b)
Shotcrete
c)
Brick lining
d)
Stone pitching
70.
Which lining method uses 30 cm thick clay layer that is mixed and pugged?
a)
Clay puddle
b)
Compacted earth lining
c)
Soil-cement lining
d)
Asphaltic lining
71.
What is the mix used for brick lining mortar?
a)
1:4
b)
1:5
c)
1:6
d)
1:8
72.
What property is most desirable in canal lining material?
a)
Permeability
b)
Low cost only
c)
Impermeability and structural stability
d)
High n-value
73.
Which lining is least durable and used for small canals?
a)
Brick lining
b)
Clay puddle
c)
Sodium carbonate lining
d)
Compacted earth lining
74.
In canal lining design, which section is used for low discharge?
a)
Trapezoidal
b)
Rectangular
c)
Circular
d)
Triangular
75.
What IS code is used for the design of lined canals?
a)
IS 456
b)
IS 383
c)
IS 10430
d)
IS 800
76.
Which material has the lowest roughness coefficient?
a)
Asphaltic lining
b)
Brick lining
c)
Cement concrete lining
d)
Stone pitching
77.
Which of the following helps in reducing waterlogging near canal areas?
a)
Unlined canal
b)
Clay lining
c)
Lined canal
d)
Feeder canal
78.
Which lining method is best suited where local soil is cheap and available?
a)
Soil cement lining
b)
Compacted earth lining
c)
Clay puddle
d)
Brick lining
79.
Which of the following is **not** a property of ideal lining material?
a)
Impermeability
b)
Erosion resistance
c)
Low maintenance
d)
High permeability
80.
Which is a key reason for using lining in canals?
a)
Reduce maintenance of embankments
b)
Increase seepage loss
c)
Improve evaporation rate
d)
Increase percolation to groundwater
81.
In soil-cement lining, water is added up to which level?
a)
Zero air void
b)
Max dry density
c)
Optimum moisture content
d)
Saturation point
82.
Which type of canal lining offers the highest seepage control and longest service life?
a)
Brick lining
b)
Asphaltic lining
c)
Cement concrete lining
d)
Clay puddle lining
83.
What is the typical thickness of M15 cement concrete lining in canals?
a)
2–4 cm
b)
5–10 cm
c)
10–15 cm
d)
15–20 cm
84.
Which lining is best suited for irregular cross-section and repair works?
a)
Brick lining
b)
Shotcrete
c)
Asphaltic lining
d)
Soil-cement lining
85.
What is the usual cement mortar mix used in brick lining for canals?
a)
1:4
b)
1:5
c)
1:6
d)
1:3
86.
Which lining type uses 10% clay and 6% sodium carbonate?
a)
Clay puddle lining
b)
Sodium carbonate lining
c)
Soil-cement lining
d)
Compacted earth lining
87.
Which canal lining is the most flexible but has a high Manning’s roughness value?
a)
Brick lining
b)
Asphaltic lining
c)
Stone pitching
d)
Clay puddle lining
88.
Which property is most desirable in canal lining to reduce seepage?
a)
Flexibility
b)
Hydraulic radius
c)
Impermeability
d)
Porosity
89.
What is the typical thickness of sodium carbonate lining used in small watercourses?
a)
5 cm
b)
10 cm
c)
15 cm
d)
20 cm
90.
Which canal lining method involves weathering and pugging of clay before application?
a)
Soil-cement lining
b)
Clay puddle lining
c)
Shotcrete lining
d)
Brick lining
91.
Which property of lining contributes to hydraulic efficiency?
a)
Erosion resistance
b)
Impermeability
c)
Structural stability
d)
Smooth surface reducing friction
92.
Assertion (A): Cement concrete lining has high initial cost.
Reason (R): Cement concrete lining requires frequent maintenance.
a)
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b)
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c)
A is true but R is false
d)
A is false but R is true
93.
Assertion (A): Asphaltic lining is suitable where flexibility is required.
Reason (R): Asphalt has good adhesive and water-resistant properties.
a)
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b)
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c)
A is true but R is false
d)
A is false but R is true
94.
If the cement content in soil-cement lining is 8%, what is the proportion of soil?
a)
88%
b)
90%
c)
92%
d)
95%
95.
A trapezoidal concrete-lined canal has a base width of 4m, depth 1.5m, side slope 1.5:1. Calculate cross-sectional area.
a)
10.5 sq.m
b)
9.375sq.m
c)
15.25 sq.m
d)
18.5 sq.m
96.
Which canal lining is preferred where water table is high and erosion protection is needed?
a)
Clay puddle
b)
Shotcrete
c)
Stone pitching
d)
Brick lining
97.
Which material is used in soil-cement lining for moisture control before compaction?
a)
OMC water
b)
Dry sand
c)
Sodium carbonate
d)
Bentonite clay
98.
Which of the following is NOT an earth type lining?
a)
Clay puddle lining
b)
Soil cement lining
c)
Compacted earth lining
d)
Shotcrete
99.
Which structure is used when the canal is taken over a drainage and the drainage flows freely?
a)
Aqueduct
b)
Syphon aqueduct
c)
Super passage
d)
Canal syphon
100.
Which cross drainage work involves pressure flow of drainage water below a canal?
a)
Super passage
b)
Aqueduct
c)
Syphon aqueduct
d)
Canal syphon
101.
In which structure does the canal flow under pressure and drain flows above the canal?
a)
Aqueduct
b)
Canal syphon
c)
Super passage
d)
Syphon aqueduct
102.
Which structure allows both canal and drainage waters to mix at the same level?
a)
Canal syphon
b)
Super passage
c)
Aqueduct
d)
Level crossing
103.
Which type of cross-drainage work is preferred when the drain flow is small?
a)
Level crossing
b)
Aqueduct
c)
Canal inlet & outlet
d)
Super passage
104.
In an aqueduct, which level is higher than the other?
a)
Drain bed > canal bed
b)
FSL = HFL
c)
Canal bed > HFL
d)
Canal bed < HFL
105.
What is the typical structural form used to support canal troughs in aqueducts?
a)
Steel tanks
b)
Arches
c)
Piers
d)
Girders
106.
Which cross drainage structure is most costly?
a)
Canal inlet
b)
Aqueduct
c)
Level crossing
d)
Super passage
107.
What is a key reason for aligning canals along ridge lines?
a)
Improve water velocity
b)
Avoid sedimentation
c)
Reduce CDW requirement
d)
Minimize bank width
108.
Assertion (A): Aqueduct is provided when HFL of drainage is below the canal bed.
Reason (R): In aqueduct, drain flows under pressure through closed barrels.
a)
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b)
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c)
A is true but R is false
d)
A is false but R is true
109.
Assertion (A): Level crossings allow canal and drainage to meet at the same elevation.
Reason (R): Regulators are provided on both canal and drainage to control flow.
a)
Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation
b)
Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation
c)
A is true but R is false
d)
A is false but R is true
110.
If canal bed level = +211.0 m, full supply depth = 1.8 m, drain bed = +209.4 m, HFL = +2.2 m. Which CDW is suitable?
a)
Aqueduct
b)
Canal syphon
c)
Syphon aqueduct
d)
Super passage
111.
If the depth of irrigation canal is below the level of the natural stream, suitable CDW is:
a)
Aqueduct
b)
Super passage
c)
Level crossing
d)
Sluice gate
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