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Unit 1 Legal Studies exam revision

Total questions: 158

Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between common law and statute law?

a)

Common law is made by judges; statute law is made by parliament.

b)

Common law overrides statute law.

c)

Statute law is based on judicial precedents.

d)

Statute law is not enforceable.

2.

In the case of R v. Smith (2023), the judge referred to a previous decision in R v. Jones (2019) to determine the outcome. This demonstrates:

a)

The principle of fairness.

b)

The use of precedent in common law.

c)

The application of statute law.

d)

The role of the jury in decision-making.

3.

Which court in Victoria has the authority to hear serious criminal cases such as murder?

a)

Magistrates' Court

b)

County Court

c)

Supreme Court

d)

Children's Court

4.

In a criminal trial, the prosecution must prove the defendant's guilt:

a)

Beyond a reasonable doubt.

b)

By a preponderance of the evidence.

c)

On a balance of probabilities.

d)

By clear and convincing evidence.

5.

Which of the following is a characteristic of an effective law?

a)

Reflects society's values.

b)

Is rarely enforced.

c)

Is ambiguous and open to interpretation.

d)

Is subject to frequent changes.

6.

The purpose of a community correction order is to:

a)

Punish the offender by imprisonment.

b)

Provide rehabilitation and reintegrate the offender into society.

c)

Serve as a deterrent to others.

d)

Denounce the offender's behavior publicly.

7.

Which of the following is a factor considered in sentencing?

a)

The offender's age and maturity.

b)

The severity of the offense.

c)

The impact on the victim.

d)

All of the above.

8.

In a hypothetical case, an individual is charged with assault. The prosecution must prove:

a)

The defendant's intent to commit the assault.

b)

That the defendant caused harm to the victim.

c)

Both the physical act and the mental intent.

d)

That the defendant had a prior criminal record.

9.

Which of the following is a characteristic of an effective law?

a)

Reflects society's values

b)

Is rarely enforced

c)

Is ambiguous and open to interpretation

d)

Is subject to frequent changes

10.

Which of the following is an example of statute law?

a)

A judge's decision in a court case

b)

A law passed by parliament

c)

A legal precedent established by a higher court

d)

A legal principle developed over time

11.

The Victorian court hierarchy is structured to:

a)

Allow all cases to be heard in the Supreme Court

b)

Ensure that more serious cases are heard in higher courts

c)

Prevent appeals from lower courts

d)

Limit access to justice

12.

The distinction between criminal law and civil law lies in:

a)

The type of punishment imposed

b)

The parties involved in the case

c)

The standard of proof required

d)

All of the above

13.

In the case of Donoghue v Stevenson (1932), the court established the principle of:

a)

Strict liability

b)

Duty of care in negligence

c)

Presumption of innocence

d)

Right to a fair trial

14.

The principle that a person is presumed innocent until proven guilty is known as:

a)

Burden of proof

b)

Standard of proof

c)

Presumption of innocence

d)

Right to silence

15.

A law that is made by parliament is known as:

a)

Common law

b)

Statute law

c)

Case law

d)

Administrative law

16.

The standard of proof in a criminal case is:

a)

Beyond a reasonable doubt

b)

On the balance of probabilities

c)

Clear and convincing evidence

d)

Preponderance of the evidence

17.

The mental element of a crime, referring to the intention to commit the act, is known as:

a)

Actus reus

b)

Mens rea

c)

Strict liability

d)

Doli incapax

18.

A 12-year-old child is charged with theft. Under Victorian law, this individual:

a)

Is automatically considered an adult for criminal responsibility

b)

Cannot be charged with a crime

c)

May be held criminally responsible depending on their ability to understand the nature of their actions

d)

Is subject to adult sentencing laws

19.

The burden of proof in a criminal case rests with:

a)

The defendant

b)

The judge

c)

The prosecution

d)

The jury

20.

A crime that involves harm to an individual, such as assault or murder, is known as:

a)

Crimes against property

b)

Crimes against the person

c)

White-collar crime

d)

Cybercrime

21.

An offence that is considered less serious and is usually heard in the Magistrates' Court is known as:

a)

Indictable offence

b)

Summary offence

c)

Hybrid offence

d)

Civil offence

22.

A defence that argues the defendant was not in control of their actions due to a mental disorder is known as:

a)

Automatism

b)

Mental impairment

c)

Self-defence

d)

Duress

23.

The primary purpose of sentencing is to:

a)

Punish the offender

b)

Deter others from committing similar offences

c)

Denounce the offender's conduct

d)

All of the above

24.

A sanction that involves the offender performing unpaid work for the community is known as:

a)

Imprisonment

b)

Fine

c)

Community correction order

d)

Home detention

25.

The use of a jury in a criminal trial is intended to:

a)

Ensure the trial is conducted efficiently

b)

Provide a verdict based on community standards

c)

Reduce the workload of judges

d)

Represent the interests of the prosecution

26.

The concept that laws should be applied equally to all individuals, regardless of their status, is known as:

a)

Fairness

b)

Equality

c)

Access

d)

Justice

27.

The rule of law means ...

a)

that everyone must follow the law, and that the law applies to everyone equally

b)

the state of disorder and chaos that can result from lawlessness is called anarchy

c)

is the general term used to describe all of the different punishments that we can impose on people who break the law

d)

is a legal system whereby laws are not written down, but passed from generation to generation by word of mouth

28.

Sanction is best described as...

a)

is the general term used to describe all of the different punishments that we can impose on people who break the law

b)

The law needs to reflect the values of society; that is, the importance that we place on different things

c)

Is a judgment made by a court that establishes a point of law

d)

Refers to rules developed that look at what is fair or just in individual cases

29.

Equity refers to...

a)

Is the body of law made by parliaments

b)

Rules developed that look at what is fair or just in individual cases

c)

Means that everyone must follow the law, and that the law applies to everyone equally

d)

Laws protect members of the community from harm

30.

The need for law requires...

a)

laws regulate society by telling us what we can do and when we can do it

b)

laws enforce values that society consider to important

c)

laws protect members of the community from harm

d)

All of the above

31.

The laws of society can only be just if

a)

They reflect values of the society

b)

The society has just values and the legal system reflects these

c)

They establish patterns of conduct most people would follow anyway

d)

They can be enforced.

32.

Which of the following would enable the Australian Constitution to be amended?

a)

judicial review by the High Court

b)

referendum

c)

United Nations Resolution

d)

applying the Doctrine of the Separation of Powers

33.

Who creates common law?

a)

Parliament

b)

Courts

c)

Police

d)

Jackie Chan

34.

Who creates Australian laws?

a)

Lobster President

b)

Parliament and courts

c)

Batman

d)

Police force

35.

Who has to follow a law?

a)

Only some citizens

b)

Those who feel like it

c)

All citizens

d)

Only those over the age of 18

36.

Is homicide a...

a)

law

b)

rule

c)

norm

37.

Is it against the law to urinate on a grave?

a)

Yes

b)

No

38.

If a student starts a fight at school and is suspended, is this punishment of a broken law or rule?

a)

Law

b)

Rule

39.

Laws should be consistent and stable.

a)

True

b)

False

40.

A law should be able to be enforced by...

a)

Anyone

b)

Police

c)

Lawyers

d)

Politicians

41.

Part of enforcing a law could involve...

a)

fines

b)

community service

c)

jail

d)

all of the above

42.

The law should be...

a)

clear

b)

only understood by lawyers

c)

in need of clarification

43.

Which laws override common laws?

a)

Common laws

b)

Gun laws

c)

Smoking laws

d)

Statute Laws

44.

Parliament can cancel and amend laws.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

Who determines if the accused is guilty or innocent?

a)

Judge

b)

Lawyer

c)

Jury

d)

Court Clerk

46.

How many people are in a jury?

a)

10

b)

8

c)

12

d)

15

47.

How are juries selected?

a)

Random selection

b)

Only some letters of the alphabet

c)

Birthday selection

d)

Only people of a certain IQ

48.

Who is in charge of court proceedings?

a)

Solicitor

b)

Judge

c)

Clerk

d)

Jury

49.

Criminal matters have the following features

a)

The prosecution has the burden of proof and the standard is beyond reasonable doubt

b)

The plaintiff has the burden of proof and the standard is on the balance of probabilities

c)

The plaintiff has the burden of proof and the standard is beyond all doubt

d)

The defendant must prove innocence beyond any reasonable doubt

50.

Sanction is best described as...

a)

is the general term used to describe all of the different punishments that we can impose on people who break the law

b)

The law needs to reflect the values of society; that is, the importance that we place on different things

c)

Is a judgment made by a court that establishes a point of law

d)

Refers to rules developed that look at what is fair or just in individual cases

51.
What is a key difference between criminal and civil law?
a)

Civil cases involve individuals suing each other.

b)
Criminal cases deal with breaches of private agreements.
c)

Civil cases are the government against an individual.

d)
Criminal cases are only about monetary compensation.
52.
Which legal principle involves using past cases to guide current decisions?
a)
Doctrine of Precedent
b)
Rule of Thumb
c)
Legal Initiative
d)
Legal Doctrine
53.

Which of the following best describes when a jury will be used in Victoria?

a)

for all serious criminal offences

b)

for all indictable offences and serious summary offences

c)

for all civil and criminal matters at the consent of the parties

d)

for all matters heard as indictable offences and some civil matters

54.
Which of the following describes a major advantage of the use of a jury:
a)
Decision making is spread over a greater number so that no one has to take responsibility.
b)
The jurors are only concerned with the award of damages, whereas the judge looks at the specific detail and admissibility of the evidence.
c)
The jury does not have to give reasons for its decisions.
d)
The jury does not have to apply the law.
55.
In relation to criminal juries, which of the following is correct?
a)
The jury determines what evidence it will hear after being instructed by the judge as to its admissibility and relevance.
b)
The accused is entitled to challenge an unlimited number of jurors.
c)
A jury must contain both men and women.
d)
Jurors are not allowed to disclose any matters discussed in the course of their deliberations if they have reason to believe that any of the information is likely to be, or will be, published.
56.

In a criminal trial in the county Court, eleven of the jurors thought that the accused was guilty and one of them thought that the accused was not guilty. Therefore, the jury may:

a)

return to court with a majority verdict

b)

return to court with a unanimous decision

c)

return to court with a ‘not proven’ verdict

d)

return to court as a ‘hung’ jury

57.

A jury at the Supreme Court in a criminal trial for murder

a)

must first attempt to achieve a unanimous verdict, after which a majority verdict will be accepted for most criminal offences

b)

must deliver a unanimous verdict

c)

has six hours in which to reach a unanimous verdict, then ten hours in which to reach a majority verdict

d)

must deliver a majority verdict.

58.

What are the five purposes of sanctions?

a)

Parsimony, specific deterrence, denunciation, rehabilitation and retribution

b)

Punishment, specific deterrence, general deterrence, protection

c)

Punishment, deterrence, disapproval, protection, treatment

d)

Punishment, deterrence, denunciation, protection, rehabilitation 

59.

In a recent criminal case, when handing down the sentence, Judge Joel noted that it was important the community be sent a message that this type of behaviour was unacceptable and would not be tolerated.

What purpose of a sanction is reflected in this statement?

a)

Disapproval

b)

Protection

c)

Deterrence

d)

Denunciation

60.

Cooper, aged 65, has been imprisoned for life for murder.

Which three purposes of sanctions are most likely to be achieved in this case?

a)

Protection, punishment, revenge

b)

Rehabilitation, deterrence, denunciation

c)

Rehabilitation, protection, punishment

d)

Deterrence, protection, punishment

61.

In Legal Studies, what are you expected to do in relation to the purposes of sanctions?

a)

Identify and explain the most likely purposes to be achieved in each criminal case

b)

Discuss the ability of sanctions to achieve the purposes 

c)

Discuss the ability of the purposes to achieve the principles of justice

d)

Evaluate the purposes

62.

Holly, who is a 17-year-old secondary student, was caught stealing a mobile phone valued at $200 from a retail store at her local shopping centre. Police were called to the centre and issued her an on-the-spot fine of two penalty units ($303.34) for shoplifting as it was her first offence and the stolen property was valued at under $600. what were two purposes of the sanction in this case?

a)

Rehabilitation and revenge

b)

Punishment and deterrence

c)

Protection and retribution

d)

Denunciation and acceptance

63.

Match the definition!

With or without recording a conviction, make a order in respect of the offender, the order has certain conditions attached.

a)

imprisonment

b)

Drug treatment order

c)

Community Corrections Order

d)

Fine

64.

Match the definition!

record a conviction and order that the offender undertake a supervised treatment program; this is only available if a person pleads guilty and the court is satisfied that the offender is dependent on a substance.

a)

Drug treatment order

b)

Community Corrections order

c)

fine

d)

dismissal without conviction

65.

Select all that apply to a community corrections order that are mandatory conditions

a)

must not commit an offence during the period of the order

b)

must report and have check ins from the community corrections officer

c)

must notify of change of address or employment

d)

Can leave Victoria without permission

66.

A offender Marc is guilty of more than one offence means that more than one sentence may be imposed is an example of a ......

a)

cumulative

b)

Concurrent

67.

An offender - Audrey is charged with 3 years for robbery and 1 year for property damage will serve 4 years in total for both crimes.

a)

cumulative

b)

concurrent

68.

Factors that might reduce a sentence - select all that apply

a)

Early guilty plea

b)

mitigating factors

c)

lack or prior offending

d)

lack of remorse

69.

Factors that might increase a sentence - select all that apply

a)

aggravating factors

b)

injury, loss or damage as a result of the offence

c)

early guilty plea

d)

impact of the offence on the victim

70.

Aggravating or Mitigating?

the offender - Grace has previous good behaviour

a)

Aggravating

b)

Mitigating

71.

Aggravating or Mitigating?

the offender Maddie D used a weapon to commit the offence

a)

Aggravating

b)

Mitigating

72.

Aggravating or Mitigating?

The offender has a background of social disadvantage or childhood abuse

a)

Mitigating

b)

Aggravating

73.

Aggravating or Mitigating?

the offender Vel has shown genuine remorse

a)

Aggravating

b)

Mitigating

74.

Aggravating or Mitigating?

the offender Maddie P had previous convictions for similar offences of kidnapping.

a)

Aggravating

b)

Mitigating

75.

Identify whether the accused in the following scenarios is eligible for Drug, Koori court of the diversion program.

Sydney from Mooroolbark has pleaded guilty to petty theft that was caused when she was drinking heavily. She has an alcohol addiction.

a)

Drug Court

b)

Koori court

c)

Diversion Program

76.

Identify whether the accused in the following scenarios is eligible for Drug, Koori court of the diversion program.

Eden is an Aborigional person from Dandenong. She wants to plead guilty to murder.

a)

Drug Court

b)

Koori court

c)

Diversion Program

77.

Identify whether the accused in the following scenarios is eligible for Drug, Koori court of the diversion program.

Shae been charged with offensive behaviour. She has no prior convictions

a)

Drug Court

b)

Koori court

c)

Diversion Program

78.

Identify whether the accused in the following scenarios is eligible for Drug, Koori court of the diversion program.

Joel is an Aboriginal person. He has been charged with vandalism.

a)

Drug Court

b)

Koori court

c)

Diversion Program

79.

Which purpose is the following definition an example of?

to demonstrate the courts condemnation of the particular type of behaviour

a)

Deterrence

b)

Denunciation

c)

Rehabilitation

d)

just punishment

80.

Which purpose is the following definition an example of?

To punish the offender in a manner that is just

a)

Deterrence

b)

Denunciation

c)

Rehabilitation

d)

just punishment

81.

Which purpose is the following definition an example of?

to establish the conditions that would alter or modify the behaviour of individuals

a)

Deterrence

b)

Denunciation

c)

Rehabilitation

d)

just punishment

82.

Which purpose is the following definition an example of?

to deter the offender or others from committing the same or similar offence

a)

Deterrence

b)

Denunciation

c)

Rehabilitation

d)

just punishment

83.

Sydney has pleaded guilty at the time of arrest to drug trafficking. she has been found to have been a significant trafficker in the Melbourne area. But evidence has suggested that she was under duress from her partner and has entered a drug and alcohol program to prior to sentencing to try and change her life. Which of these factors could decrease her sentence? Select all that apply

a)

drug and alcohol program

b)

pleaded guilty

c)

under duress from partner

84.

Audrey laughed when she was arrested for assault and pleaded not guilty to the charges. This is the third assault offence the Audrey has been charged with. She has had a terrible childhood and suffered abuse from both parents. Which of these factors could increase her sentence? select all that apply

a)

no remorse - laughed

b)

multiple offences for assault

c)

abusive childhood

d)

pleaded not guilty

85.

Select all that apply

what are the weaknesses of the Drug court?

a)

not every offender is eligible to be sentences

b)

isn't always successful in reforming offenders

c)

expensive

d)

avoids the effects of imprisonment

86.

Select all that apply

what are the weaknesses of the Koori court?

a)

not available to all offenders

b)

not available in all locations

c)

over - representation of indigenous people

d)

provides an informal atmosphere for sentencing

87.

Select all that apply

what are the weaknesses of the Diversion program?

a)

not available to all offenders

b)

effectiveness depends on the offender

c)

can be seen as a soft option

d)

reduces recidivism

88.

A massive fire occurred in a mine. The fire burned for a significant time, creating thick smoke and polluting the atmosphere. The mine’s owner Grace has been charged.

Who is likely to prosecute this offence?

a)


  • Environment Protection Authority

b)


  • The local council

c)

Victoria police

d)

DPP

89.

Peppa Pork Fork Pty Ltd runs a meat processing plant. Vel is the director of the company. A worker was hurt at the plant when his hand became trapped and was crushed, causing serious injury. A charge has been laid in relation to the failure of the company to provide and maintain a safe plant.

Who will be the parties in this case?

a)

  • WorkSafe Victoria (prosecution) and Peppa Pork Fork Ltd (accused)

b)

  • DPP (prosecution) and Connie (accused)

c)

  • The worker (victim) and Peppa Pork Fork Ltd (accused)

d)

  • WorkSafe Victoria (prosecution) and Connie (accused)

90.

Classify if the Australian Tax Office are state bodies or federal bodies.

a)

state

b)

federal

91.

If a crime is committed in Victoria, depending on the nature of the crime, Victoria Police or the Australian Federal Police, or even both, may be involved. True or False?

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

92.

By-laws are local laws or regulations made by local councils that apply to residents in local areas. TRUE OR FALSE?

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

93.

Which court in Victoria has jurisdiction over minor criminal offenses and civil disputes up to $100,000?

a)

Supreme Court

b)

Magistrates Court

c)

High Court

d)

County Court

94.

Which Victorian court handles serious criminal offenses such as murder and rape, as well as major civil cases exceeding a certain monetary limit?

a)

Supreme Court

b)

Magistrates Court

c)

High Court

d)

County Court

95.

Select all that apply. Which court in Victoria has the authority to hear appeals from decisions made in lower courts?

a)

Supreme Court

b)

Magistrates Court

c)

High Court

d)

County Court

96.

Which of the following is a common reason for a case to be heard by the High Court of Australia on appeal?

a)

Appeals on matters of family law

b)

The desire for a more expedient resolution

c)

The need for a jury trial

d)

Disagreement with the lower court's decision

97.

hat type of cases does the Victorian County Court primarily handle?

a)

Minor criminal offenses

b)

Appeals from lower courts

c)

Serious criminal offenses and major civil cases

d)

Family law matters

98.

n Australia, what is the purpose of informing individuals of their rights when arrested?

a)

To intimidate suspects into confessing

b)

To ensure compliance with police orders

c)

To safeguard the rights of individuals during the legal process

d)

To expedite the investigation process

99.

Which of the following scenarios would NOT typically require law enforcement officers to inform individuals of their rights when arrested in Australia?

a)

Custodial interrogation

b)

Routine traffic stop

c)

Arrest for a serious criminal offense

d)

Execution of a search warrant

100.

What should law enforcement officers do immediately after making an arrest?

a)

Transport the suspect to the nearest police station

b)

Conduct a search of the suspect's property

c)

Inform the suspect of their rights

d)

Issue a citation

101.

In what situation can law enforcement officers make an arrest without a warrant?

a)

When conducting a routine traffic stop

b)

When there is reasonable cause to believe a crime has been committed

c)

When a suspect demands to see the warrant

d)

When the arrest is for a misdemeanor offense

102.

What is the primary role of a jury in the Victorian legal system?

a)

To provide legal representation to defendants

b)

To determine the guilt or innocence of a defendant in a criminal trial

c)

To impose sentences on convicted individuals

d)

To interpret the law and provide legal advice to the judge

103.

Who is eligible to serve as a juror in Victoria?

a)

Only legal professionals such as lawyers and judges

b)

Only individuals with prior jury service experience

c)

Any Australian citizen aged 18 years or older who is registered to vote

d)

Only individuals with no prior criminal record

104.

How are jurors selected for a trial in Victoria?

a)

They are chosen randomly from a list of registered voters and summoned to court

b)

They are nominated by legal professionals and approved by the judge

c)

They are selected based on their level of education and expertise in the relevant field

d)

They are appointed by the defendant or plaintiff in the case

105.

How do sanctions uphold the principle of "fairness" in the Victorian justice system?

a)

By imposing harsh punishments on offenders without considering mitigating factors

b)

By treating all offenders equally regardless of the circumstances of their offense

c)

By ensuring that sanctions are applied impartially and without bias

d)

By prioritizing the interests of victims over those of offenders

106.

Which of the following is NOT an element of social cohesion?

a)

The individual

b)

The media

c)

Laws

d)

The legal system

107.

Social cohesion is best defined as:

a)

The ability of a community to maintain awareness of the laws they must follow

b)

The ability of a community to live in peace, order and harmony via recognition of our rights and responsibilities

c)

The ability of a legal system to enforce the law appropriately

d)

The capacity for a community to balance the amount of people with and without involvement in the legal system

108.

Australia's legal system was established on 1 January 1901 with the Australian Constitution. Which foreign systems does the Australian one draw from?

a)

The Westminster system (British)

b)

The Newfoundland system (NZ)

c)

The Barton system (Aus)

109.

The principles of justice are:

a)

Fairness

b)

Access

c)

Appeal

d)

Equality

110.

"The processes, procedures and principles in our legal system that ensure all are granted the same status, rights and opportunities" refers to which principle of justice?

a)

Fairness

b)

Equality

c)

Access

111.

Which of the following is NOT an example of 'Access' to the legal system?

a)

The doctrine of precedent

b)

Having a variety of dispute resolution bodies

c)

Having specialist courts

d)

Law court websites

112.

For a law to be deemed effective, it must:

a)

reflect social values

b)

be enforceable

c)

be known

d)

be written in the Constitution

e)

all of the above

113.

Which of the following is NOT a place where a law can be made?

a)

Victorian Parliament

b)

The Supreme Court of Victoria

c)

Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal

d)

Commonwealth Parliament

114.

True or False: Common Law can be made whenever a judge pleases.

a)

False

b)

True

115.

Acts, legislation, and statutes - are all other terms for what?

a)

Laws - made by parliament

b)

Laws - made by courts

c)

Propositions for potential laws

d)

Meals at Hungry Jacks

116.

Which of the following is NOT a field of criminal law?

a)

Crimes against the person

b)

Crimes against contracts

c)

Crimes against property

d)

Crimes against the legal system

117.

The purposes of civil law include

a)

Restoring people to the position they were in before a loss or harm

b)

Punishing people for committing crimes

c)

Paying people to stop doing harmful actions

d)

Protecting individual rights

118.

The relationship between parliament and the courts: what is the process where a court applies the laws of parliament?

a)

Legal application

b)

Statutory interpretation

c)

Abrogation

d)

Codification

119.

The relationship between parliament and the courts: parliament can override, or solidify, court-made laws. The terminology for this, respectively, is:

a)

Codify and abrogate

b)

Interpret and abrogate

c)

Interrupt and supplement

d)

Abrogate and codify

120.

What is the highest court in the Victorian Court Hierarchy called?

a)

County Court

b)

High Court

c)

Magistrates' Court

d)

Supreme Court

121.

What is the legal obligation that requires individuals and organizations to take reasonable care to avoid causing harm to others?

a)

Constitution

b)

Duty of care

c)

Defamation

d)

Negligence

122.

What outlines the rules by which Australia is governed? It outlines the rules which Australia is run.

a)

Parliament

b)

Constitution

c)

Legislation

d)

Judiciary

123.

What occurs when someone fails to take reasonable care to avoid causing injury or loss to another person? In the Australian legal system, a person who suffers harm due to this can seek compensation.

a)

Defamation

b)

Negligence

c)

Justice

d)

Rights

124.

What is a rule that must be followed by the people within society in Australia? In Australia, these are made by Parliament and by judges.

a)

A law

b)

A referendum

c)

An amendment

d)

A court

125.

What is the legislative body of government in Australia? It consists of two houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate.

a)

The judiciary

b)

The Commonwealth

c)

Parliament

d)

A court

126.

What refers to laws that have been made official by the Australian Parliament? It includes statutes, acts, and regulations.

a)

Rights

b)

Legislation

c)

Justice

d)

Constitution

127.

What is a place where legal cases are heard and decided by a judge or jury?

a)

Parliament

b)

A court

c)

The Commonwealth

d)

A referendum

128.

What is fairness in the way people are dealt with?

a)

Justice

b)

Rights

c)

Duty of care

d)

Negligence

129.

The chief representative of the crown is called the...

a)

Federation

b)

Minister

c)

Premier

d)

Prime Minister

e)

Governor General

130.

A form of government ‘ruled by the people' is called...

a)

Federation

b)

Monarchy

c)

Constitution

d)

Bicameral

e)

Democracy

131.

Select all that apply:


We need laws to

a)

Protect our rights

b)

To reflect our values

c)

To settle disputes peacefully

d)

To set the boundaries of acceptable behaviour

e)

To heavily control what people can or cannot do

132.

Select all that apply:


Laws...

a)

Are made by the Police

b)

Are made by Parliament

c)

Are enforced by the Government

d)

Are enforced by the Police

e)

Apply to everyone

133.

Select all that apply:


Non-Legal Laws (Rules)....

a)

Are made by Parliament

b)

Are made by organisations or groups of people

c)

Are enforced by organisations or groups of people

d)

Apply to everyone

e)

Apply only to the people within that organisation or group

134.

For laws to be effective in developing social cohesion they must...

a)

Be easily understood so people can make sense of them

b)

Reflect the values of the current Prime Minister

c)

Be accepted by the community so most people will see the value in following them

d)

Be consistent in their application so that everyone is treated equally without favour

e)

Have reasonable sanctions that are enforced against people who break the law

135.

Which of the following would enable the Australian Constitution to be amended?

a)

judicial review by the High Court

b)

referendum

c)

United Nations Resolution

d)

applying the Doctrine of the Separation of Powers

136.

How is government formed?

a)

Party chosen by Governor General

b)

By party that has majority in House of Reps

c)

Party that wins majority in senate.

137.

Who is the King’s representative in Australia?

a)

Prime Minister

b)

President of the Senate

c)

Governor-General

138.

In Parliament what is a Bill?

a)

Payment for goods or services

b)

Proposed law

c)

Unit of currency

139.

The Doctrine of Precedent refers to...

a)

Like cases being treated alike

b)

Prior cases having more weight

c)

Legislation trumping judge law

140.

Samantha’s civil dispute was heard in the Magistrates’ Court, and she was found liable for $60 000. She does not agree with the magistrate’s decision.  How does the Court hierarchy help Samantha?

a)

Administrative convenience

b)

Appeals

c)

Specialisation

d)

Precedent

141.

Hanna has been charged with tax fraud. She is concerned about getting a judge that knows what she or he is doing.  How does the Court hierarchy help Hanna?

a)

Precedent

b)

Administrative convenience

c)

Specialisation

d)

Appeals

142.

Anil is suing Jessica for $20 000. He knows it’s a small claim and doesn’t want to wait for years to have his case heard.  How does the Court hierarchy help Anil?

a)

Appeals

b)

Specialisation

c)

Precedent

d)

Administrative convenience

143.

Harriet is suing her employer. She has been told by her lawyers that her case is strong because of a similar case that was decided last year. How does the Court hierarchy help Harriet?

a)

Precedent

b)

Administrative convenience

c)

Appeals

d)

Specialisation

144.

Which Court is not part of the Victorian Court heirarchy?

a)

The County Court

b)

The Federal Court

c)

The Children's Court

d)

The Supreme Court

145.

Which court sits at the top of the Victorian Court Hierarchy?

a)

Children's Court

b)

Magistrates Court

c)

Supreme Court

d)

High Court

146.

I did not like the sentence a Magistrate Court gave me. Which Court can I appeal to?

a)

High Court

b)

Supreme Court

c)

District Court

d)

County Court

147.

A 12 year old is accused of stealing an iPhone from a retail store. Which Court will their matter be heard in?

a)

Magistrates Court

b)

County Court

c)

Children's Court

d)

Supreme Court

148.

The Court of Appeals is a division of which Court?

a)

Magistrates Court

b)

High Court

c)

County Court

d)

Supreme Court

149.

What can the Coroner's Court investigate?

a)

Unfair Judges and Magistrates

b)

Burglaries

c)

Coroners

d)

The cause of fires

150.

What does Appellate Jurisdiction mean?

a)

Hearing a case for the first time

b)

The right to always have a jury

c)

The abiity to hear an appeal case

d)

The power to hear songs without accompaniment

151.

Sahib is accused of culpable driving. What court will his case be heard in?

a)

County Court

b)

Country Court

c)

Supreme Court

d)

Infringement Court

152.

The Magistrates Court can hear appeals from which other court?

a)

Children's Court

b)

Coroner's Court

c)

It has no appellate jurisdiction

d)

Traffic Court

153.

Layla is charged with having a Blood Alcohol reading of 0.088 whilst driving. Which court will this matter be heard in?

a)

Drug and Alcohol Court

b)

Traffic Court

c)

Magistrates Court

d)

Supreme Court

154.

The County Court of Victoria sits below which courts in the hierarchy?

a)

Supreme Court and Magistrates Court

b)

The Supreme Court and High Court

c)

The Country Court and High Court

d)

It is the highest court in the hierarchy

155.

Jacob is 14 years old. He has been charged with arson causing death. Which court will his matter be heard in?

a)

Arson Court

b)

Supreme Court

c)

High Court

d)

Children's Court

156.

Which is not a division of the Victorian Magistrates Court?

a)

Drug Court

b)

Koori Court

c)

Coroner's Court

d)

Judge Judy

157.

What is the title of the person in charge of the Magistrates Court?

a)

Your Honour

b)

Your Worship

c)

Judge

d)

Magistrate

158.

In which Court would it be determined how a person died?

a)

Supreme Court

b)

High Court

c)

Coroner's Court

d)

Magistrates Court

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