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vascular quiz

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What percent of aortic aneurysms are associated with popliteal aneurysms?

a)

30%

b)

20%

c)

50%

d)

15%

2.

Select the indications for Aortoiliac duplex exam:

a)

Pulsatile abdominal mass

b)

Suspected or known iliac aneurysm

c)

Decreased femoral pulses or abdominal bruit

d)

Blue-toe syndrome

e)

Follow up

3.

What are the posterior branches of the abdominal aorta?

a)

Lumbar arteries

b)

Renal arteries

c)

Gonadal arteries

d)

Superior & Inferior Mesenteric arteries

4.

Select the lateral branches of the abdominal aorta:

a)

Renal arteries

b)

Celiac trunk

c)

Lumbar arteries

d)

Gonadal arteries

e)

Superior & Inferior mesenteric arteries

5.

Select the anterior branches of the abdominal aorta:

a)

Lumbar arteries

b)

Celiac trunk

c)

Superior & Inferior mesenteric arteries

d)

Renal arteries

e)

Median sacral artery

6.

Where is the aorta in relation to the spine?

a)

Lateral

b)

Posterior

c)

Medial

d)

Anterior

e)

Proximal

7.

Select the characteristics of a normal aorta:

a)

Lies posterior to the spine

b)

Smooth margins

c)

No focal dilations

d)

Tapers distally and moves anteriorly

e)

Round, anechoic in TRV

8.

What should the aortic diameter be:

a)

<1cm

b)

<2cm

c)

<3cm

d)

>2cm

9.

Dilation of distention of the aorta

(a)  

10.

What are the parameters for ectasia?

a)

>2cm but <3cm

b)

>3cm but <4cm

c)

>1cm but <2cm

d)

>3cm

11.

AAA is when the diameter is:

a)

>2cm but <3cm

b)

>3cm but <5cm

c)

>2cm

d)

>3cm

12.

When is surgery needed for an aneurysm?

a)

>3cm

b)

>5cm

c)

>2cm

d)

>6cm

13.

What does the doppler signal look like at the proximal aorta?

a)

Less diastolic flow and lower resistance

b)

More diastolic flow and more resistance

c)

More diastolic flow and less resistance

d)

Less diastolic flow and more resistance

14.

Involves all 3 layers of the vessel wall

a)

True aneurysm

b)

Fusiform aneurysm

c)

Saccular aneurysm

d)

False aneurysm

15.

Symmetric dilation which involves entire circumference of aorta (most common)

(a)  

16.

Asymmetric outpouching/ dilation often caused by trauma or penetrating aortic ulcers

(a)  

17.

When should iliac artery aneurysm be considered?

a)

Diameter increase by 50% compared to normal segment

b)

Diameter greater than 1cm

c)

Artherosclerotic disease is suspected or present

d)

Diameter greater than 1.5 cm

e)

Decrease in velocity at stenotic site

18.

Persistent blood flow within aneurysm sac after placement of endograft

a)

Hematoma

b)

Residual sac

c)

AAA

d)

Endoleak

19.

Inadequate or ineffective seal at attachment site

a)

Type I Endoleak

b)

Type II Endoleak

c)

Type III Endoleak

d)

Type IV Endoleak

20.

Retrograde flow in branch vessel (lumbar, inferior mesenteric, accessory renal, internal iliac arteries)

a)

Type I Endoleak

b)

Type II Endoleak

c)

Type III Endoleak

d)

Type IV Endoleak

21.

Modular disconnection or defect in graft fabric

a)

Type I Endoleak

b)

Type II Endoleak

c)

Type III Endoleak

d)

Type IV Endoleak

22.

Porous graft or microleak in graft material

a)

Type I Endoleak

b)

Type II Endoleak

c)

Type III Endoleak

d)

Type IV Endoleak

23.

What is the first branch of the abdominal aorta?

a)

Celiac artery

b)

Hepatic artery

c)

Superior mesenteric Artery

d)

Splenic artery

24.

What does the celiac artery branch into?

a)

Superior mesenteric artery

b)

Splenic

c)

Left gastric arteries

d)

Inferior mesenteric artery

e)

Common Hepatic

25.

Where is the celiac artery in relation to the pancreas in TRV?

a)

Inferior

b)

Lateral

c)

Medial

d)

Superior

e)

Proximal

26.

How is the Celiac artery identified in SAG

a)

Anterior to aorta

b)

Posterior to aorta

c)

Superior to SMA

d)

Inferior to SMA

e)

Proximal to aorta

27.

Celiac artery normal spectral doppler is low resistance- what PSV & EDV are consistent with stenosis?

a)

PSV 200 cm/s or higher

b)

EDV 125cm/s or lower

c)

EDV 55cm/s or higher

d)

PSV 55cm/s or higher

28.

What is the 2nd branch of the abdominal aorta?

a)

Renal artery

b)

Superior mesenteric artery

c)

Celiac artery

d)

Inferior mesenteric artery

29.

How is the SMA identified?

a)

Posterior to the pancreas

b)

Anterior parallel to the aorta in SAG

c)

Posterior parallel to the aortal in SAG

d)

Posterior to splenic vein in TRV

e)

Anterior to left renal vein in TRV

30.

Select the spectral doppler characteristics of the SMA:

a)

PSV <125 cm/s

b)

High resistance after meal

c)

Low resistance after meal

d)

High resistance when fasting

e)

Low resistance when fasting

31.

Select the characteristics of the IMA spectral doppler:

a)

Low resistance

b)

High resistance

c)

PSV >200cm/s

d)

PSV <200 cm/s

e)

High resistance pre-prandial, low resistance post-prandial

32.

What mesenteric/aortic ratio signifies hemodynamically significant stenosis

a)

<1

b)

>2

c)

>3

d)

>1 but <3

33.

What is the most common treatment for mesenteric ischemia?

a)

Medication

b)

Bypass grafting

c)

Diet change

d)

Exercise

34.

Select characteristics of the Kidneys:

a)

Right kidney superior to the left

b)

Retroperitoneal organs

c)

May increase in size with age

d)

Right kidney inferior to the left

e)

9-13cm in length and 5-7cm in width

35.

Area through which renal artery, vein, and ureter enter the kidney

a)

Renal sinus

b)

Renal medulla

c)

Renal cortex

d)

Renal hilum

36.

Most inner region of the kidney, contains: renal collecting system, lymph, and fat tissue

a)

Renal hilum

b)

Renal sinus

c)

Renal medulla

d)

Renal cortex

37.

Consist of renal pyramids, separated by renal column

a)

Renal medulla

b)

Renal cortex

c)

Renal sinus

d)

Renal hilum

38.

Most outer region of kidney- just beneath the renal capsule

a)

Renal hilum

b)

Renal sinus

c)

Renal medulla

d)

Renal cortex

39.

How does the renal cortex appear sonographically?

a)

Hypoechoic

b)

Triangular, anechoic- separated by hypoechoic renal tissue

c)

Hyperechoic

d)

Superior and posterior to renal veins

40.

How do the Medullary pyramids appear sonographically?

a)

Hypoechoic

b)

Triangular anechoic, seperated by hypoechoic renal tissue

c)

Hyperechoic

d)

Superior and posterior to renal veins

41.

How does the sinus of the kidneys appear sonographically?

a)

Hypoechoic

b)

Hyperechoic

c)

Triangular anechoic

d)

Posterior and superior to the renal veins

42.

Important landmark for identification of the kidneys, located halfway between suprasternal notch and symphysis pubis

(a)  

43.

Where does the right renal artery course?

a)

Posterior to the IVC

b)

Posterior to the left renal vein

c)

Anterior to the IVC

d)

Posterior to the right renal vein

e)

More cephalad than the left

44.

Where does the left renal artery course?

a)

Posterior to the left renal vein

b)

Posterior to the IVC

c)

Anterior to the IVC

d)

Anterior to the left renal vein

e)

More cephalad than the right artery

45.

Spectral doppler of the Renal Artery demonstrates?

a)

Rapid systolic upstroke

b)

High resistance

c)

Low resistance

d)

Early systolic peak

e)

PSV <90cm/s

46.

Right renal vein has a __ course to the IVC

a)

long

b)

short

47.

Left renal vein has a __ course to the IVC

a)

short

b)

long

48.

What flow will be noted in the presence of thrombus in the renal veins?

a)

Continuous flow

b)

Disturbed flow

c)

Non-phasic flow

d)

Trickle flow

49.

2nd most common curable cause of renovascular disease

a)

Renal Fibromuscular Dysplasia

b)

Renal Artery Occlusion

c)

Renovascular hypertension

d)

Artherosclerosis

50.

Abnormal connection between the renal artery and vein caused by iatrogenic trauma (post biopsy)

a)

Renal Fibromuscular Dysplasia

b)

Atherosclerosis

c)

Renovascular hypertension

d)

Renal Arteriovenous Fistula

51.

Compression of the left renal vein between the SMA and the aorta

a)

Nutcracker syndrome

b)

Renal vein thrombosis

c)

Renal Arteriovenous fistula

d)

Renal Fibromuscular Dysplasia

52.

Which of the following is NOT an indication for an aortoiliac duplex exam?

a)

Claudication

b)

Pulsatile abdominal mass

c)

Suuspected portal hypertension

d)

Blue-toe syndrome

53.

The abdominal aorta is located:

a)

Retroperitoneally, coursing from inferior to superior along the right side of the spine

b)

Intraperitoneally, coursing from the umbilicus to the diaphragm

c)

Retroperitoneally, coursing from the diaphragm to the umbilicus along the left side of the spine

d)

Anterior to the IVC

54.

A normal aorta should:

a)

Appear hyperechoic with irregular margins

b)

Have a diameter >3cm

c)

Be measured inner wall to inner wall

d)

Taper distally and move anteriorly

55.

What is the threshold measurement to define an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)?

a)

>1.5cm

b)

>2cm

c)

>3cm

d)

>5cm

56.

A fusiform aneurysm is:

a)

An asymmetric outpouching

b)

A focal defect in the aortic wall

c)

A symmetrical dilation involving the entire circumference

d)

Most commonly due to trauma

57.

Which of the following is considered surgical criteria for AAA intervention?

a)

2.5 cm

b)

3.5 cm

c)

4.5 cm

d)

5 cm

58.

What is a common complication following EVAR?

a)

Fibromuscular dysplasia

b)

Aortic dissection

c)

Endoleak

d)

Renal vein thrombosis

59.

Which of the following endoleak types is caused by retrograde flow through collateral vessels?

a)

I

b)

II

c)

III

d)

IV

60.

The celiac artery branches into all except:

a)

Splenic artery

b)

Left gastric artery

c)

SMA

d)

Common hepatic artery

61.

The PSV indicating ≥70% stenosis in the SMA is:

a)

>125 cm/s

b)

>200 cm/s

c)

>275 cm/s

d)

>300 cm/s

62.

Which mesenteric artery is most easily seen in transverse just above the aortic bifurcation?

a)

Celiac

b)

SMA

c)

IMA

d)

Median sacral

63.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome occurs due to

a)

Thrombosis of the celiac artery

b)

Aneurysm of the SMA

c)

Compression of celiac origin during exhalation

d)

compression of IMA during inspiration

64.

The renal-aortic ratio (RAR) indicating ≥60% renal artery stenosis is:

a)

>1.5

b)

>2.5

c)

>3.5

d)

>4.5

65.

In renal artery stenosis, a PSV over ___ cm/s is considered significant.

a)

125

b)

150

c)

180

d)

275

66.

What condition results in reversal of arterial diastolic flow?

a)

Renal artery stenosis

b)

Renal vein thrombosis

c)

Renal arteriovenous fistula

d)

Fibromuscular dysplasia

67.

String of beads” appearance in renal arteries is associated with:

a)

Chronic hypertension

b)

Fibromuscular dysplasia

c)

Renal vein thrombosis

d)

Arteriovenous malformation

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