WorksheetsS4 Geography - Urban Problems and Solutions
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 33mins
As Macao and HK grows and expands, there are three major urban problems: (Select all correct answers)
housing problem
environmental problem
educational problem
transport problem
Select all major reasons for insufficient housing supply in Hong Kong:
Small land area
Hilly relief
10% protected areas
land use competition
Select all major reasons for insufficient housing supply in Macao:
Small land area
Hilly relief
40% protected areas
land use competition
Due to the increasing population and more young people want to live by themselves, there is a growing ________ for housing units which leads to a higher price in housing.
demand
supply
Many low-income groups can only afford small housing units and they are facing the problem of (a) .
With a long history of urban development, urban ____________ takes place in the inner city and buildings are in poor condition.
degrade
decay
deteriotate
deform
(a) buildings are buildings that are below standard, lack facilities and area considered unsanitary. Subdivided housing is an example.
___________ huts are huts that have lower rents but unsanitary and unsafe. It is also a type of substandard housing.
Squirrel
Squatter
Smaller
Smarter
Squater
(a) land use is common in inner city therefore there are land use conflicts.
Select all problems with substandard housing:
high risk of fire
spread of diseases
lack of open space and public facilities
abundant natural resources
sufficient infrastructure
Due to housing shortage, land rents __________.
become higher
become lower
do not change
The main reasons for transport problems in big city are ____________ and ___________.
high population density
high demand for housing
improved infrastructure
active economic activities
Suburbanisation leads to a high flow of traffic caused by people (a) between suburbs and the main urban areas.
The demands of high traffic volumes in big cities mainly come from an _____________ in private car ownership due to better living standards.
increase
decrease
Transport problems include traffic congestion during (a) hours, overcrowding in public transport, lack of parking space and air & noise pollution.
The total area required to supply a place with resources and to absorb its output of waste is called the (a) footprint.
The larger the ecological footprint, the _____________ adverse effects the city has on the environment.
more
less
Which type of country has a more adverse effect on the environment?
More economically developed countries (MEDCs)
Less economically developed countries (LEDCs)
(a) generation and transport are two major sources of air pollutants in HK.
Air pollutants emitted by busy road traffic are trapped by tall and dense buildings, while some ocean-going vessels still use (a) fuel.
Select three major air pollutants that will be emitted by burning bunker fuel:
Sulphur Dioxide
Nitrogen Oxides
Methane
Respirable Suspended Particulates
Carbon Dioxide
In Hong Kong and Macao, reduced visibility is the ___________________ in July.
highest
lowest
The worst air quality occurs in ______________.
spring
summer
autumn/ fall
winter
(a) refers to a type of air pollution that combines smoke and fog, creating a dense, often toxic haze.
Sewage and accumulation of solid waste may cause _____________. (Choose the BEST answer)
mental illness
hygiene problems and poisoning
hearing loss
heart and respiratory problems.
Light pollution may cause _____________. (Choose the BEST answer)
mental illness
hygiene problems and poisoning
hearing loss
heart and respiratory problems.
The concentration of air pollutants may cause _____________. (Choose the BEST answer)
mental illness
hygiene problems and poisoning
hearing loss
heart and respiratory problems
Noise pollution may cause _____________. (Choose the BEST answer)
Food poisoning
hygiene problems
hearing loss
heart and respiratory problems.
Which of the following measures would reduce the ecological footprint of Hong Kong? (Select all correct answers)
Encourage the consumption of local vegetables
Increase the airport tax in Hong Kong
Redevelop the old site of Kai Tak Airport (old airport)
Persuade citizens to stay healthy by eating more meat
Landfills will emitted methane and pollute ____________.
groundwater
atmosphere
biosphere
reservoirs
In recent years, Hong Kong government has planned to build New Development Areas (NDAs) and ____________ Development Areas (PDAs) in NE & NW New Territories.
Planned
Polluted
Poorly
Potential
The advantage of News towns, NDAs and PDAs are: (Select all correct answers)
disperse the pollution and economic activities in the main urban areas
increase the supply of land for housing development
increase the population density in the old urban areas
ease the problem of overcrowding in the old urban areas
(a) sites are rural areas that have been converted to non-agricultural activities in an unplanned way. E.g. for open storage, industrial workshops, etc.
(a) is the process of creating new land from oceans.
The meaning of rezoning land is the study to develop the _________ of country parks, where the ecological values are comparatively low. (Choose the best answer mentioned in the textbook).
center
inside
periphery
edge
Select all the ways of increasing land supply in Hong Kong:
Rock cavern development
Reuse of ex-quarry sites
Space development
Rezoning land
HK government had adopted the 5R strategy to improve inner city. Which of the following is not in 5R?
Rehabilitation
Preservation
Revitalisation
Reproduction
Retrofitting
_____________ refers to pull down old buildings in poor condition and build new ones.
Retrofitting
Rehabilitation
Preservation
Revitalisation
Redevelopment
_____________ refers to preserve buildings with historical, cultural and architectural values.
Retrofitting
Rehabilitation
Preservation
Revitalisation
Redevelopment
_____________ refers to making use of the special designs and features of heritage sites to bring a new life to the community.
Retrofitting
Rehabilitation
Preservation
Revitalisation
Redevelopment
_____________ refers to the proper repair and maintenance of the old buildings.
Retrofitting
Rehabilitation
Preservation
Revitalisation
Redevelopment
_____________ aims at upgrading the buildings by providing the facilities to meet the modern standards and enhance the living quality.
Retrofitting
Rehabilitation
Preservation
Revitalisation
Redevelopment
Which of the followings are merits of redevelopment?
Higher living costs
Destroy the social networks of old areas
Produce plenty of construction waste
Ease overcrowding with more floor space
Slow down urban encroachment
What is the demerit of preservation?
high maintenance cost
reduce construction waste and save resources
retain collective memories
used for educational and research resources
What is the demerit of revitalisation?
attract tourists and promote tourism
improvements in the urban environment
problems in the inner city such as traffic congestion and land use conflict still exist
create jobs and stimulates the local economy/ property market
Which ONE of the following is NOT a merit of rehabilitation and retrofitting?
increase land supply or floor space
enhance building safety
improve buildings' appearance, hygiene, etc.
avoid relocating residents
avoid demolishing old buildings
(T/F) 5R strategy is an urban renewal project.
True
False
(T/F) Hong Kong and Macao have a larger ecological footprint than Haiti and Kenya.
True
False
(T/F) Air pollutants are difficult to disperse under high pressure.
True
False
(T/F) Light pollution is serious in Macao because of its dense population and active industrial activities.
True
False
