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Science Final Review

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A student wanted to test how the mass of a paper airplane affected the distance it would fly. Paper clips were added before each test flight. As each paper clip was added, the plane was tested to determine how far it would fly. What is the CONTROL GROUP?

a)

1 paper clip

b)

2 paper clips

c)

3 paper clips

d)

0 paper clips

2.

Which sequence of terms is in the correct order from simplest to most complex?

a)

cells → tissues → organs → organ systems

b)

tissues → organisms → cells → organ systems

c)

cells → tissues → organ systems → organs

d)

organs → organisms → organ systems → cells

3.

This structure that allows particles to enter and exit the cell is called the ______.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Cell wall

d)

Molecule

4.

The cell theory states that

a)

all cells have a vacuole that contain genetic information

b)

all living organisms are composed of cells that arise from preexisting cells

c)

all cells regenerate and contain the same basic structures

d)

organisms that lack certain organelles reproduce by binary fission

5.

Which letter indicates a cell structure that is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

6.

Molecules are transported within animal and plant cells using a system of passageways that make up the

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

mitochondria

c)

ribosomes

d)

chloroplast

7.

Within a cell, DNA is mainly found in the

a)

cell wall

b)

plasma membrane

c)

ribosomes

d)

chromosomes

8.

The diagram below represents a plant cell. Which cell structure stores materials?

a)

A

b)

E

c)

H

d)

D

9.

Which organelles are usually found in both plant and animal cells?

a)

cell walls

b)

large vacuole

c)

mitochondria

d)

chloroplasts

10.

Cellular respiration occurs within the organelle known as the

a)

lysosome

b)

nucleus

c)

mitochondria

d)

vacuole

11.

Base your answer to question 11 on the diagrams below which represent two different cells. In both cells, the organelles labeled B are used for

a)

secretion

b)

control of all cellular activities

c)

cellular respiration

d)

food storage

12.

Base your answer to question 12 on the diagrams below which represent two different cells. Which diagram (A, B, C, or D) correctly shows the substances that plants take in and release during photosynthesis?

a)

Carbon Dioxide → Carbon Monoxide

b)

Helium → Oxygen

c)

Light → Water

d)

Carbon Dioxide → Oxygen

13.

The presence of which organelles would identify an organism as a producer?

a)

nuclei

b)

lysosomes

c)

chloroplasts

d)

cilia

14.

Which process would include a net movement of sugar molecules through a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Cytosis

c)

Active transport

d)

Passive transport

15.

Which wastes are produced as a result of cellular respiration?

a)

carbon dioxide and glucose

b)

oxygen and adenosine triphosphate

c)

oxygen and water

d)

carbon dioxide and water

16.

Which letter in the diagram below indicates a ligament?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

17.

The bones of humans most directly help body movement by

a)

producing blood cells in the marrow

b)

protecting internal organs

c)

providing a place where muscles attach

d)

absorbing excess calcium from the blood

18.

The tissue that cushions between bones consists of

a)

tendon

b)

muscle

c)

cartilage

d)

bone

19.

Choking on food is most likely caused by an interference with the proper functioning of the

a)

diaphragm

b)

nasal cavity

c)

bronchial tubes

d)

epiglottis

20.

Where does chemical digestion of food begin?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

21.

The diagram below shows a particle of food being moved along the human digestive tract by alternate waves of relaxation and contraction of the muscular walls of the esophagus. Which process causes the movement of the food down the esophagus?

a)

circulation

b)

active transport

c)

peristalsis

d)

osmosis

22.

In humans, structures (fingerlike projections) that absorb the nutrients from digested food are the

a)

ducts of the pancreas

b)

cells of the esophagus

c)

villi of the small intestine

d)

muscular folds of the gallbladder

23.

You’ve just eaten lunch. What path does food take through your digestive system?

a)

stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine

b)

stomach, small intestine, large intestine, esophagus

c)

esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine

d)

esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

24.

Which sequence correctly indicates the branching pattern of the human respiratory system?

a)

trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

b)

trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli

c)

alveoli, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi

d)

alveoli, bronchioles, trachea, bronchi

25.

The process of cell division of a body cell is called

a)

mitosis

b)

photosynthesis

c)

cellular respiration

d)

active transport

26.

What is the correct phase sequence for mitosis?

a)

Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

b)

Telophase, interphase, metaphase, interphase, prophase

c)

Prophase, interphase, anaphase, telophase, metaphase

d)

Metaphase, interphase, telophase, anaphase, prophase

27.

Bleeding from a small cut soon stops to form a scab (clot) due to the action of

a)

platelets

b)

antibodies

c)

hemoglobin

d)

white blood cells

28.

Red blood cells are produced in the

a)

bone marrow

b)

lymph nodes

c)

liver

d)

arteries

29.

Veins are blood vessels that

a)

deliver blood to the cells of the body

b)

contain striated muscle

c)

carry blood back to the heart

d)

readily exchange materials between the blood and the body cells

30.

Which statement best describes arteries?

a)

They have thick walls and transport blood away from the heart.

b)

They have thick walls and transport blood toward the heart.

c)

They have thin walls and transport blood away from the heart.

d)

They have thin walls and transport blood toward the heart.

31.

In the diagram of the human urinary system below, which letter indicates a structure responsible for filtering urea out of the bloodstream?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

32.

Which sequence represents the correct pathway for the removal of urine from the human body?

a)

kidney → ureter → urinary bladder → urethra

b)

kidney → urethra → urinary bladder → ureter

c)

ureter → kidney → urinary bladder → urethra

d)

urethra → kidney → urinary bladder → ureter

33.

In the diagram below, which structure is indicated by the letter B?

a)

ureter

b)

artery

c)

urinary bladder

d)

urethra

34.

The nephron is the functional unit of the human

a)

lung

b)

liver

c)

kidney

d)

intestine

35.

Base your answer on the diagram of the male reproductive system and on your knowledge of biology. Male sex cells are produced within this structure.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

36.

Select the structure that is most closely related to the statement: Fertilization normally takes place in this structure.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

37.

Gregor Mendel developed some basic principles of heredity by studying

a)

pea plants

b)

mice

c)

fruit flies

d)

bacteria

38.

Hereditary information for most traits is generally located in

a)

genes found on chromosomes

b)

chromosomes found on genes

c)

the mitochondria of gametes

d)

the lysosomes in the cytoplasm

39.

Based on the diagram what percentage of the offspring will be tall?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

40.

If two black rats (Bb) mated what percentage of their offspring would be white? (Hint: Make a punnett square).

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

41.

Which statement describes how two organisms may have the same phenotype, yet have different genotypes?

a)

One is homozygous (pure) dominant and the other heterozygous (hybrid).

b)

Both are heterozygous (hybrid) for the dominant trait.

c)

One is homozygous (pure) dominant and the other homozygous (pure) recessive.

d)

Both are homozygous (pure) for the dominant trait.

42.

Base your answer on the pedigree chart above. The pedigree chart represents the inheritance of color blindness through three generations. Who has colorblindness in the third generation?

a)

Charlene

b)

Doug

c)

Mary

d)

Frank

43.

Which process can explain the diversity of beaks within the wild bird species in the diagram below?

a)

Natural selection

b)

Asexual reproduction

c)

Cell theory

d)

Mitotic cell division

44.

Which organism is most closely related to humans?

a)

Gibbon

b)

Gorilla

c)

Orangutan

d)

Chimpanzee

45.

The peppered moth occurs in two color forms, dark and light. The first picture shows the relationship between the moth and tree BEFORE the INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. The second picture shows the relationship between the moth and tree AFTER the INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION. Over time, what do you think happened to the dark moth population?

a)

Increased

b)

Decreased

c)

Remained the same

d)

Extinction

46.

Sean is thinking about using seawater to water his plants. Sean places 10 spider plants near a window for 20 days. Each day, he waters 5 plants with 10 mL of seawater and five plants with 10 mL of fresh water. He measures their height before and after the 20 days. Shown below is a table of Sean’s results. | Plants receiving | Average Initial Height (in cm) | Average Final Height (in cm) | |------------------|-------------------------------|------------------------------| | Seawater | 12.1 | 12.9 | | Fresh water | 12.4 | 14.7 | Based on these results, which of the following could Sean conclude?

a)

Spider plants grow better with fresh water than salt water.

b)

Spider plants need water to grow.

c)

Spider plants need to be near a window.

d)

Salt water does not affect the growth of spider plants.

47.

The diagram below represents a wet mount of a protist as seen under a compound microscope. If the protist swims toward the left side of the slide, which diagram represents the image that will be observed through the microscope?

a)

(Top left diagram)

b)

(Second from top diagram)

c)

(Third from top diagram)

d)

(Bottom diagram)

48.

When viewed with a compound light microscope under low power, the letter "p" will appear as

a)

q

b)

p

c)

d

d)

b

49.

Which part of the microscope allows for the adjustment of light to view a specimen?

a)

Ocular lens

b)

Diaphragm

c)

Body tube

d)

Fine adjustment knob

50.

Base your answer on the diagram of a microscope. The highest possible magnification that can be obtained when using this microscope is

a)

40 x

b)

100 x

c)

400 x

d)

4,000 x

51.

Watson and Crick described the DNA molecule as a

a)

straight chain

b)

single strand

c)

double helix

d)

branching chain

52.

The diagram below represents Watson – Crick model of DNA. What part of the molecule is the arrow pointing to?

a)

amino acid

b)

sugar

c)

phosphate

d)

nitrogen base

53.

The nitrogen bases in DNA are represented by the letters

a)

A,U,G, and C

b)

A,T,G, and C

c)

T,A,P, and C

d)

T,U,G, and C

54.

The repeating subunits in this DNA molecule are known as

a)

amino acids

b)

glucose

c)

fatty acids

d)

nucleotides

55.

A change in the base sequences in this DNA molecule is known as

a)

homeostasis

b)

segregation

c)

disjunction

d)

mutation

56.

What is the volume of the aquarium shown below? (Hint: V=LWH)

a)

960 cm

b)

960 cm²

c)

960 cm³

d)

30 cm³

57.

The graph below provides information about Galapagos penguin population sizes. Galapagos penguins had the highest population during which year?

a)

1971

b)

1980

c)

1970

d)

1985

58.

The graph below provides information about Galapagos penguin population sizes. About how many galapagos penguins were observed during the highest population year?

a)

1600

b)

1900

c)

1700

d)

700

59.

The graph below provides information about Galapagos penguin population sizes. According to the graph, what is the independent variable?

a)

Total number of penguins

b)

Galapagos penguin population size

c)

Years

d)

Origin point

60.

A graduated cylinder containing water is shown in diagram A below. Pea seeds were dropped into the cylinder and the results are shown in diagram B. What is the volume of water displaced by the seeds?

a)

15 mL

b)

14 mL

c)

5 mL

d)

4 mL

61.

In the diagram below, a roller coaster car starts from rest at point A and moves along the track. At which point does the roller coaster have the greatest gravitational potential energy?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

62.

"Stored" energy is known as

a)

motion energy

b)

kinetic energy

c)

nuclear energy

d)

potential energy

63.

List the correct order of energy shown by the diagram above.

a)

Light (radiant) → electrical → light

b)

Light (radiant) → motion → light

c)

Electrical → motion → light

d)

Light (radiant) → electrical → motion

64.

The Cell Theory:

  1. 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more ​ (a)   . (Unicellular or Multicellular)

  2. 2. All cells arise from ​ (b)   cells. (Not from Spontaneous Generation)

  3. 3. Cells are the structural and functional unit of ​ (c)   . (Nothing living smaller than a Cell)

Choose from the below words
cells
preexisting
life
65.

Please label the cell pictured.

66.

Which organelle stores water for photosynthesis?

67.

Which organelle is considered the "powerhouse" of a cell because it produces ATP through cellular respiration?