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WorksheetsChapter 51: Care of the Patient With an Endocrine Disorder
Total questions: 47
Worksheet time: 27mins
The nurse explains that the negative feedback inhibition controls hormone release by communication between which two anatomical areas?
the pituitary and the target organ.
the thymus and the bloodstream.
lymphatic system and the target organ.
central nervous system and the bloodstream.
Which diagnostic test for diabetes mellitus provides a measure of glucose levels for the previous 8 to 12 weeks?
Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGT)
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Postprandial glucose test (PPBG)
Which test will furnish immediate feedback for a newly diagnosed diabetic who is not yet under control?
Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
Clinitest
To which diet should a patient with Cushing syndrome adhere?
Less sodium
More calories
Less potassium
More carbohydrates
The patient is a 20-year-old college student who has type 1 diabetes and normally walks each evening as part of an exercise regimen. The patient plans to enroll in a swimming class. Which adjustment will the nurse suggest to the patient based on this information?
Time the morning insulin injection so that the peak action will occur during swimming class.
Delete normal walks on swimming class days.
Delay the meal before the swimming class until the session is over.
Monitor glucose level before, during, and after swimming to determine the need for alterations in food or insulin.
Which disorder is a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus?
Diverticulitis
Renal failure
Hypothyroidism
Hyperglycemia
A patient has returned to his room after a thyroidectomy with signs of thyroid crisis. During thyroid crisis, exaggerated hyperthyroid manifestations may lead to the development of which potentially lethal complication?
severe nausea and vomiting.
bradycardia.
delirium with restlessness.
congestive heart failure.
In diabetes insipidus, a deficiency of which hormone causes clinical manifestations?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
The nurse expects to see which intervention in the plan of care for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with acromegaly?
Encourage fluids
Maintain leg joints in flexion
Assist with activities of daily living
Monitor for episodes of bleeding into the joints
The use of radioactive iodine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism is for which purpose?
stimulate the thyroid gland.
depress the pituitary.
destroy some of the thyroid tissue.
alter the stimulus from the pituitary.
Which precaution(s) will the nurse take when caring for a patient who is being treated with radioactive iodine 131 (RAIU)?
Initiate radioactive safety precautions.
Avoid assigning any young woman to the patient.
Wait 3 days after dose before assigning a pregnant nurse to care for this patient.
Advise visitors to sit at least 10 ft away from the patient.
For which reason would a patient with hyperthyroidism be prescribed the drug methimazole?
To limit the effect of the pituitary on the thyroid.
To destroy part of the hyperactive thyroid tissue.
To stimulate the pineal gland.
To block the production of thyroid hormones.
The nurse will place the patient who has had a thyroidectomy in which position postoperatively?
Prone
Semi-Fowler
Side-lying
Supine
Which extra equipment will the nurse provide at the bedside of a patient who has returned to the nursing unit after a thyroidectomy three hours ago?
Large bandage scissors
Tracheotomy tray
Ventilator
Water-sealed drainage system
As the nurse is shaving a patient who is 2 days postoperative from a thyroidectomy, the patient has a spasm of the facial muscles. The nurse will recognize this as which sign?
Chvostek sign
Montgomery sign
Trousseau sign
Homans’ sign
Lispro has an onset of action within how many minutes?
90
60
15
45
Which information will the nurse provide a patient with type I diabetes regarding excessive exercise?
It can increase the need for insulin and may result in hyperglycemia.
It can decrease the need for insulin and may result in hypoglycemia.
It can increase muscle bulk and may result in malabsorption of insulin.
It can decrease metabolic demand and may result in metabolic acidosis.
Which condition does the Chvostek sign and the Trousseau sign indicate?
Low levels of serum calcium
High levels of blood sugar
Low levels of serum sodium
High levels of serum aldosterone
A patient has undergone tests that indicate a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone secretion. The nurse will inform the patient of which potential complication?
Osteoporosis
Lethargy
Laryngeal spasms
Kidney stones
The nurse caring for a 75-year-old man who has developed diabetes insipidus following a head injury expects to see which aspect emphasized in the plan of care?
limiting fluids to 1500 mL a day.
encouraging physical exercise.
protecting patient from injury.
discouraging daytime naps.
The health care provider orders an 1800-calorie diabetic diet and 40 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously daily for a patient with diabetes mellitus. For which reason will a mid-afternoon snack of milk and crackers be given?
To improve nutrition.
To improve carbohydrate metabolism.
To prevent hypoglycemia
To prevent diabetic coma.
The nurse teaching a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus (IDDM) will include which information about early signs of hypoglycemia?
abdominal pain and nausea.
dyspnea and pallor.
flushing of the skin and headache.
hunger and a trembling sensation.
The nurse discovers a patient with type I diabetes drowsy and tremulous, the skin is cool and moist, and the respirations are 32 and shallow. The nurse recognizes the patient is having which type of reaction and quickly provides which intervention?
hypoglycemic reaction; give 6 oz of orange juice.
hyperglycemic reaction; give ordered regular insulin.
hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic reaction; squeeze glucagon gel in buccal cavity.
hypoglycemic reaction; give ordered insulin.
A patient has come to the clinic because of enlarged hands and feet, amenorrhea, and increased hair growth. These symptoms most likely indicate problems with which endocrine gland?
pituitary gland.
adrenal glands.
thyroid gland.
pancreas.
Which instructions will the nurse provide to a patient with diabetes to prevent injury to the feet?
Soak feet in warm water every day.
Avoid going barefoot and always wear shoes with soles.
Use of commercial keratolytic agents to remove corns and calluses are preferred to cutting off corns and calluses.
Use a heating pad to warm feet when they feel cool to the touch.
The health care provider prescribes glyburide for a patient, when diet and exercise have not been able to control type 2 diabetes. Which information will the nurse reinforce in the teaching plan about this medication?
It is a substitute for insulin and acts by directly stimulating glucose uptake into the cell.
It does not cause the hypoglycemic reactions that may occur with insulin use.
It is thought to stimulate insulin production and increase sensitivity to insulin at receptor sites.
It lowers blood sugar by inhibiting glucagon release from the liver, preventing gluconeogenesis.
A 27-year-old patient with hypothyroidism is referred to the dietitian for dietary consultation. The nurse will reinforce instructions for which nutritional interventions?
Frequent small meals high in carbohydrates
Calorie-restricted meals
Caffeine-rich beverages
Fluid restrictions
Which instructions will the nurse reinforce in the discharge instructions for a 47-year-old patient with hypothyroidism?
Taking medication whenever symptoms cause discomfort
Decreasing fluid and fiber intake
Consuming foods rich in iron
Seeing the health care provider regularly for follow-up care
In which manner will the nurse administer insulin to prevent lipohypertrophy?
At room temperature
At body temperature
Straight from the refrigerator
After rolling bottle between hands to warm
A patient with a history of Graves’ disease is admitted to the unit with shortness of breath. The nurse notes the patient’s vital signs: T 103°F, P 160, R 24, BP 160/80. The nurse also notes distended neck veins. Which disorder does the patient most likely have?
Pulmonary embolism
Hypertensive crisis
Thyroid storm
Cushing crisis
Which gland is the master gland of the endocrine system?
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Pancreas
Pituitary
Which information should be obtained from the patient before treatment with iodine-131?
Presence of metal in the body
Allergy to sulfa drugs
Status of possible pregnancy
Use of prescription drugs for hypertension
The patient being treated for hypothyroidism has been instructed to eat well-balanced meals including intake of iodine. The nurse will reinforce instructions to eat which food containing iodine?
Eggs
Pork
White bread
Skinless chicken
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving calcium gluconate for treatment of hypoparathyroid tetany. Which assessment would indicate an adverse reaction to the drug?
Increase in heart rate
Flushing of face and neck
Drop in blood pressure
Urticaria
The nurse cautions the patient who is being instructed on self-medication with insulin to be aware that there are 25-, 30-, 50-, and 100-unit syringes. How is the 100-unit syringe marked?
1-unit increments
2-unit increments
4-unit increments
5-unit increments
Which is a sign or symptom of hypoglycemia?
Fruity breath
Dry mouth
Irritability
Tremors
Diaphoresis
The nurse should observe the patient for which major life-threatening complication postoperatively of a thyroidectomy?
Seizures
Hemorrhaging
Tetany
Thyroid crisis (storm)
Hypoglycemia
Which is the role of cortisol?
Glucose metabolism
Releasing androgens and estrogens
Providing extra reserve energy during stress
Decreasing the level of potassium in the bloodstream
Increasing retention of sodium in the bloodstream
Which action will the nurse take for the postoperative care of the patient who had a thyroidectomy?
Assisting a patient to hyperextend the head to assess for muscle damage
Doing voice check every 2 hours
Maintaining anatomic position of the head when moving a patient
Checking for bleeding at the sides and the back of the head
Assessing ability to speak by asking him or her to recite name and address every hour
The nurse will reinforce instruction for a patient with hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) to select which nutritious food because of the increased metabolism related to the disease?
Coffee with cream
Lean meat
White bread
Leafy green vegetables
Supplemental vitamin D
The nurse would instruct a patient with hypocalcemia from hypoparathyroidism about a diet that should include which item? (Select all that apply.)
canned fish with the bones.
cucumbers.
Tomatoes
banana
tofu.
The nurse is administering long-acting insulin once a day, which provides insulin coverage for 24 hours. This insulin is (a) .
Another term for hyperglycemic reaction is diabetic (a) .
Only (a) insulin can be administered intravenously.
A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called (a) dwarfism.
(a) is the term that describes a condition of normal thyroid function.
When the nurse inflates the sphygmomanometer cuff exceeding the systolic blood pressure and observes a carpal spasm, this is a(n) (a) sign.
