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WorksheetsFIS-3
Total questions: 16
Worksheet time: 8mins
by investigating the normative criteria to look for a valid conclusion and demonstration
Logic disregards evidence in arguments
Logic differentiate good and bad reasoning
Logic focuses solely on emotional appeals
Logic is about personal beliefs and opinions
Deductive Reasoning
General → Specific
Inductive Reasoning
Abductive Reasoning
Logic
-The claim is deduced from a specific occurrence/fact/truth to support a general claim
-The premise does not prove/demonstrate the claim, but the premise supports the claim
Deductive Reasoning
Abductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
In Deductive Arguments
Thus . . . Consequently . . .
Therefore . . . So . . .
Hence . . . Accordingly . . .
This shows that . . . This implies that . . .
This suggests that . . . This proves that . .
Claim/Conclusion Indicators
Premise Indicators
Arguments
Premises & Claim: Common Formats
-each premise must be asserted to be true
-the argument must follow a correct, logical structure
Abductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
In Deductive Arguments
Deductive Reasoning
-Inferences are made by making predictions on (in)complete observations
-"Thinking Backwards"
-Cause and Effect
Inductive Reasoning
In Deductive Arguments
Abductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
a, and b. Therefore, c.
a. So, since b, c.
a, clearly. After all, b.
Since a and b, c.
a. Consequently, b, since c and d.
Investigation in logic
Claim/Conclusion Indicators
Premise Indicators
Premises & Claim: Common Formats
Since . . . For . . .
In view of . . . This is implied by . .
Complex Propositions
Claim/Conclusion Indicators
Premise Indicators
Relevance Indicators
If the premise is true but its structure is incorrect
the claim and the whole argument will be invalid
the claim will be accepted without question
the structure of the argument is the only thing that matters
the argument will be stronger despite the flaw
Logic is
differentiate good and bad reasoning
premise Indicators
the argument is deemed valid
aimed to outline true and valid thinking methods
Inductive Reasoning
Specific → General
Inductive → Deductive
In Deductive Arguments
Logic
is done through the analysis of the argument, which consists of the premise(s) and claim/conclusion
Claim/Conclusion Indicators
The claim and the whole argument will be invalid
In Deductive Arguments
Investigation in logic
-The claim is deduced from a general occurrence/fact/truth to demonstrate a specific premise
-The premise proves/demonstrates the claim
Abductive Reasoning
In Deductive Arguments
Inductive Reasoning
Deductive Reasoning
≠ Opinions
≠ Descriptions
consist of a series of statements with one of them being the claim/conclusion addresses an issue, which is a question raised on a matter
Fallacies
Facts
Arguments
Communication
Logic is also
perceived as a law or principles of thinking
in Deductive Arguments
differentiate good and bad reasoning
the claim and the whole argument will be invalid
If the premise(s) and claim are both true
the argument is automatically true regardless of evidence
the argument is irrelevant to the discussion
the argument is considered persuasive without scrutiny
the argument is deemed valid
