• Spectacles

- Create a sharp retinal image that in young children is essential as a stimulus for the use of the eyes and for fusion

• Bifocal

- Tx. non refractive accom. esotropia in a patient with a high AC/A ratio

• Prisms

- maintain single, comfortable binocular vision in the presence of motor imbalance of the eyes

All of the above
is correct

Stereoscopic devices

Brewster stereosopes

Aperture rule

Eccentric circles

Barrel card

Brock string

The Haidinger brush

Cheiroscopes

Determine a level at which the patient can perform easily

Use vision therapy techniques that provide feedback to the patient

Set realistic therapy objectives and maintain flexibility with these objectives

Ensure the patient focus on the goals of vision therapy

Receded near point of convergence (NPC)

Poor positive fusional vergence (PFV)

Exodeviation greater at distance than near

Asthenopia symptoms while performing near work

Vergence and accommodative therapies

Surgery
(MR recession)

Rx base-in prism
glasses

Surgery
(LR recession)

Bar reader

Loose lens rock

Barrel card

Eccentric circles

Increase speed and accuracy of saccadic fixation

To restore normal accommodative facility

To decrease the intensity and frequency of suppression

Increase speed and accuracy of MAF and BAF

SILO
SI = Convergence (BO)
LO = Divergence (BI)

Luster

• : perception of the combination of colors seen

Float
: Convergence = the target farther away
Divergence = the target float closer

Parallax

: appreciation of movement of the fused target as the patient moves