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WorksheetsCardiac Medications
Total questions: 56
Worksheet time: 42mins
A patient taking Digoxin is experiencing severe bradycardia, nausea and vomiting. A lab draw shows that their Digoxin level is 4 ng/mL. What medication do you anticipate the physician to order for this patient?
Naloxone
Digibind
Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI)
No medication needed, continue with Digoxin
What is the formula for finding cardiac output (CO)?
CO = Stroke volume/Heart rate
CO = Ejection fraction/ Heart rate
CO = Stroke volume x Heart rate
CO = Ejection fraction x Heart rate
Which among the following is the expected pharmacological action of cardiac glycosides like digoxin?
Positive inotropic effect and positive chronotropic effect
Positive inotropic effect and negative chronotropic effect
Negative inotropic effect and negative chronotropic effect
Negative inotropic effect and positive chronotropic effect
All of the following must be considered when administering digoxin , EXCEPT
Administer with caution to elderly or clients with renal insufficiency.
Instruct client to eat high potassium foods.
Monitor for digitalis toxicity.
Risk of digitalis toxicity increases if client is hyperkalemic.
A client is receiving digoxin daily. The nurse suspects digoxin toxicity after noting which signs and symptoms? Select all that apply.
Visual disturbances
Nausea and vomiting
Apical pulse rate of 63 beats per minute
Serum digoxin level of 2.3 ng/mL (2.93 nmol/L)
Serum potassium level of 3.9 mEq/L (3.9 mmol/L)
A primary health care provider (PHCP) writes a prescription for digoxin, 0.25 mg daily. The nurse teaches the client about the medication and tells the client that it is important to do which?
Count the radial and carotid pulses every morning.
Check the blood pressure every morning and evening.
Stop taking the medication if the pulse is higher than 100 beats per minute.
Withhold the medication and call the PHCP if the pulse is less than 60 beats per minute.
Comes in pills to be swallowed, chewable tablets and as a topical application (cream).
Beta Blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Vasodilators
Anticoagulants
Slows heart rate and decreases high blood pressure.
Side Effects: Bradycardia, Lethargy, Low Blood Pressure, & Depression
ACE Inhibitor
Anticoagulants
Beta Blockers
Diuretics
What emergency drug is used to treat V-Tach?
Morphine
Lidocaine
Epinephrine
Atropine
Increases urine output in patients with hypertension
Diuretic
Thrombolytic
Anticoagulant
Vasopressor
Dilates coronary arteries
Nitrates
Bronchodilator
Beta Blocker
Calcium Channel Blocker
Used for asystole, V-fib, pulseless V-tach, pulseless electrical activity
Atropine
Adenosine
Amiodarone
Epinephrine
Increases heart rate AND renal blood flow
Can also be used in place of the first or second dose of epinephrine during cardiac arrest to increase heart rate and restore heartbeat.
Vasopressin
Atropine
Lidocaine
Adenosine
first-line medication for treatment of ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Amiodarone
Adneosine
Sodium Bicarbonate
Epinephrine
Sodium channel blocker
Adenosine
Nitrates
Verapamil
Lidocaine
Calcium channel blocker
Adenosine
Lidocaine
Verapamil
Amiodarone
Potassium channel blocker
Amiodarone
Lidocaine
Verapamil
Vasopressin
Beta blocker
Lidocaine
Atenolol
Adenosine
Atropine
Class I antiarrhythmic medications have which effect on action potential?
Decrease calcium's influx into the cardiac cell, slow AV, conduction, decrease contractility
Block sodium’s influx into the cardiac cell, decrease myocardial excitability and contractility
Block the sympathetic nervous system's beta-receptors, slow heart rate
Decrease potassium's movement into the cardiac cell, prolong PR, QRS, and QT intervals
Class II antiarrhythmic medications have which effect on action potential?
Block sodium’s influx into the cardiac cell, decrease myocardial excitability and contractility
Block the sympathetic
nervous system’s beta-receptors, slow the heart rate
Decrease potassium's movement into the cardiac cell, prolong PR, QRS, and QT intervals
Decrease calcium's influx into the cardiac cell, slow AV, conduction, decrease contractility
Class III antiarrhythmic medications have which effect on action potential?
Block sodium’s influx into the cardiac cell, decrease myocardial excitability and contractility
Decrease potassium’s movement into the cardiac cell, prolong
PR, QRS, and QT
intervals
Block the sympathetic
nervous system’s beta-receptors, slow the heart rate
Decrease calcium’s influx into the
cardiac cell, slow
AV, conduction,
decrease contractility
Class IV antiarrhythmic medications have which effect on action potential?
Decrease calcium’s influx into the
cardiac cell, slow
AV, conduction,
decrease contractility
Block sodium’s influx into the cardiac cell, decrease myocardial excitability and contractility
Decrease potassium’s movement into the cardiac cell, prolong
PR, QRS, and QT
intervals
Block the sympathetic
nervous system’s beta-receptors, slow the heart rate
Digitalis is classified as what kind of medication?
Sodium Channel Blocker
Cardiac Glycoside
Nitriate
Class II antiarrythmic
The nurse is planning to administer hydrochlorothiazide to a client. Which are concerns related to the administration of this medication?
Hypouricemia, hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, sulfa allergy
Hypokalemia, increased risk of osteoporosis
Hyperkalemia, hypoglycemia, penicillin allergy
A client who is taking hydrochlorothiazide has also been prescribed triamterene. The client asks the nurse why both medications are required. Which response is the most accurate to give to the client?
Both are weak potassium-excreting diuretics.
The combination of these medications prevents renal toxicity.
Hydrochlorothiazide is an expensive medication, so using a combination of diuretics is cost-effective.
Triamterene is a potassium-retaining (sparing) diuretic, whereas hydrochlorothiazide is a potassium-excreting diuretic.
Which class of medications is commonly used to treat high blood pressure?
Anticoagulants
Antiarrhythmics
Beta Blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Which of the following medications is a calcium channel blocker?
Digoxin
Verapamil
Spironolactone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Which of the following medications is an ACE inhibitor?
Metoprolol
Warfarin
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Which class of medications is commonly used to treat heart failure?
Anticoagulants
Antiarrhythmics
Beta Blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Which of the following medications is a beta blocker?
Diltiazem
Enalapril
Atenolol
Losartan
Which class of medications is commonly used to treat angina?
Anticoagulants
Antiarrhythmics
Beta Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Which of the following medications is a calcium channel blocker?
Digoxin
Verapamil
Spironolactone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Which class of medications is commonly used to lower blood pressure?
Anticoagulants
Antiarrhythmics
Beta Blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Which of the following medications is an ACE inhibitor?
Metoprolol
Warfarin
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Which class of medications is commonly used to treat arrhythmias?
Anticoagulants
Antiarrhythmics
Beta Blockers
Calcium Channel Blockers
Which of the following medications is a beta blocker?
Diltiazem
Enalapril
Atenolol
Losartan
A patient who has been taking a thiazide diuretic is hypokalemic. The nurse should instruct the patient to increase dietary intake of which foods?
green leafy vegetables.
canned vegetables
low fat dairy products
bananas and citrus fruits.
Diuretics can be used for the following conditions EXCEPT
Heart Failure
Edema
Fluid in the lungs
Diabetes
HTN: Which combination should not be given together?
Beta blocker and HCTZ
HCTZ and CCB
ACEI and CCB
ACEI and ARB
HTN: An African American male presents with 3 separate readings of elevated blood pressure. You anticipate the healthcare provider to prescribe which medication?
Beta blocker
HCTZ
ACEI
ARB
Beta-blockers are contraindicated with which disease process?
Asthma
Palpitations
Atrial fibrillation
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
What does the top number stand for?
Systolic Blood Pressure
Diastolic Blood Pressure
You should avoid excessive exposure to sunlight while taking what type of medication?
Thiazides
ACE Inhibitors
CCBs
Beta Blockers
A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
Beta blockers
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)
Calcium channel blockers
When the nurse is administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, which technique is correct?
Apply the ointment on the skin on the forearm.
Apply the ointment only in the case of a mild angina episode.
Remove the old ointment before new ointment is applied.
Massage the ointment gently into the skin, and then cover the area with plastic wrap.
A calcium channel blocker (CCB) is prescribed for a patient, and the nurse provides instructions to the patient about the medication. Which instruction is correct?
Chew the tablet for faster release of the medication.
To increase the effect of the drug, take it with grapefruit juice
If the adverse effects of chest pain, fainting, or dyspnea occur, discontinue the medication immediately.
A high-fiber diet with plenty of fluids will help prevent the constipation that may occur.
A patient about to receive a morning dose of digoxin has an apical pulse of 53 beats/min. What will the nurse do next?
Administer the dose.
Administer the dose, and notify the prescriber.
Check the radial pulse for 1 full minute.
Withhold the dose, and notify the prescriber.
A code has been called for the client experiencing ventricular fibrillation. Which medication should you prepare to administer to the client?
Epinephrine, an adrenergic agonist, intravenous push.
Lidocaine, an antidysrhythmic, intravenous push.
Atropine, an antidysrhythmic, intravenous push.
Digoxin, a cardiac glycoside, intravenous push.
The client in cardiogenic shock is receiving Dopamine. Which priority intervention should be implemented while administering this medication?
Monitor the client's blood pressure continuously.
Do not abruptly discontinue the medication.
Administer medication on an infusion pump
Check the client's creatinine level and BUN.
You are completing an assessment on a client who has been prescribed the cardiac glycoside digoxin (Lanoxin) for congestive heart failure (CHF). Which data indicates the medication has been effective?
The client has clear breath sounds bilaterally.
The client's heart rate is 78 beats per minute.
The client has 2 pitting edema of the sacrum.
The client's sputum is pink and frothy.
You are teaching the client diagnosed with angina about sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG), a coronary vasodilator. Which statement indicates the client needs more medication teaching?
"I should expect to get a headache after taking my nitroglycerin."
"If I have chest pain, I will put a tablet underneath my tongue."
"If my pain is not relieved with three tablets, I will get medical help."
"I will always carry my nitroglycerin in a dark-colored bottle."
Which instruction should be given to a patient who is taking nitroglycerin?
Nitroglycerin should be stored in a tightly capped dark container.
To prevent from developing the tolerance, the nitroglycerin patch should be applied to the patient continuously around the clock (all the time).
The patient taking nitroglycerin tablet should swallow the medication because of the first pass loss (effect).
The side effect of nitroglycerin includes hypertension.
Which statement is true about class 1a antiarrhythmic (antidysrhythmic) drugs?
They are calcium channel blockers
They are used to treat ventricular arrhythmias only
The side effects are hypertension and arrhythmias
They are a membrane stabilizer that decrease excitability of the heart muscle and slow electrical conduction in the heart
The drugs that are ONLY used to treat ventricular arrhythmias are:
Class Ia antiarrhythmics
Class Ib antiarrhythmics
Class II or beta blockers
Class III antiarrhythmics
______ is more likely to have the following side/adverse effects: hyperkalemia, dry cough and angioedema.
amiodarone (Cordarone)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Captopril (Capoten)
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Diltiazem (Cardizem) and amlodipine (Norvasc) could be most likely to have opposite effects on
Heart rate
Blood pressure
Respiratory rate
Oxygen saturation
