NEW
Font size
WorksheetsThigh and Knee Practice exam
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
What is the difference between extra-articular and intra-articular structures?
Extra-articular structures are deep to the joint capsule, while intra-articular structures are superficial
Extra-articular structures are in between the femur and tibia, while intra-articular are outside the joint
Extra-articular structures are on the outside of the articulation between the femur and tibia but the intra-articular structures are in between them
Extra-articular structures only apply to ligaments, intra-articular to tendons
What are the extra-articular structures of the knee?
ACL, PCL, menisci, and transverse ligament
Patellar ligament, quadriceps tendon, medial and lateral patellar retinacula, LCL, MCL, oblique popliteal ligament, arcuate popliteal
Pes anserine bursa, infrapatellar bursa, suprapatellar bursa, LCL, MCL, ACL, menisci, iliotibial band, and transverse ligament
Iliotibial band, gracilis tendon, adductor magnus
What extra-articular structures of the knee are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints?
ACL and PCL
Medial and lateral menisci, and MCL and LCL
Patellar ligament, quadriceps tendon, and the medial and lateral retinacula
LCL and MCL
What are the intra-articular structures of the knee?
Quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament
Menisci, cruciate ligaments, meniscofemoral ligament, coronary ligament, and transverse ligament
LCL, MCL, quadriceps tendon, patellar ligament, menisci, coronary ligament, and arcuate popliteal ligament
Popliteal bursa and pes anserine bursa
What intra-articular structures are common to both the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints?
Medial meniscus
ACL and PCL
None of the intra-articular structures are common to both joints
Transverse ligament and coronary ligament
What is the bursa found over the tibial tuberosity?
Suprapatellar
Prepatellar
Deep infrapatellar
Superficial infrapatellar
What is the bursa found deep to the quadriceps tendon?
Suprapatellar
Prepatellar
Deep infrapatellar
Pes anserine
What is the bursa found superficial to the patella?
Suprapatellar
Prepatellar
Deep infrapatellar
Popliteal
What is the bursa found deep to the patellar ligament?
Prepatellar
Pes anserine
Deep infrapatellar
Suprapatellar
What is the bursa found over the lateral tibial condyle?
Prepatellar
Popliteal
Suprapatellar
Pes anserine
What is the bursa found under the common tendon for the gracilis, sartorius, and semitendinosus?
Popliteal
Pes anserine
Deep infrapatellar
Prepatellar
What is the sensory innervation of the knee joint?
Sciatic, saphenous, and sural nerves
Femoral, obturator, common peroneal, and tibial nerves
Tibial, sural, and genicular nerves only
Only the femoral and obturator nerves
Where is the femoral triangle?
Between the gluteus medius and minimus
Bound superiorly by the iliopsoas, medially by the sartorius, posteriorly by the gluteus maximus, and laterally adductor longus
Bound superiorly by the inguinal ligament, laterally by the sartorius, medially by the adductor longus, and posteriorly by the iliopsoas
Found on the posterior thigh between the hamstrings
What does the femoral triangle contain?
Sciatic nerve, popliteal artery and vein
Obturator nerve, profunda femoral artery and femoral vein
Femoral nerve, artery and vein
Saphenous nerve, adductor longus and great saphenous vein
With damage to the femoral nerve, what muscles could be involved?
Gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus
Psoas major, iliacus, sartorius, pectineus, and quadriceps femoris
Gluteus medius, adductor longus and brevis
Hamstrings and tensor fascia lata
With damage to the femoral nerve, what movements could be involved?
Hip extension and abduction
Hip flexion, external hip rotation, knee extension and knee flexion
Knee flexion and hip adduction
Hip internal rotation, hip external rotation, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion
With damage to the femoral nerve, what sensations could be impaired?
Lateral thigh, posterior leg, and plantar foot
Posterior thigh, popliteal fossa, and medial calf
Anterior thigh, medial knee/leg, and medial foot
Gluteal region and lateral leg
Blockage of what artery could affect the hip joint?
Superior gluteal only
Femoral, profunda femoral, medial and lateral femoral circumflex, obturator, superior gluteal, and inferior gluteal
Internal pudendal, superior gluteal, inferior epigastric and genicular, obturator, and iliolumbar
Inferior epigastric and genicular
Blockage of what artery could affect the hamstrings?
Obturator and femoral
Femoral, profunda femoral, and perforating arteries
Popliteal and anterior tibial
Lateral circumflex and inferior gluteal
Blockage of what artery could affect the adductor magnus?
Superior gluteal, internal iliac, and profunda femoral
Obturator, femoral, profunda femoral, and perforating
Femoral and anterior tibial
Internal iliac and obturator
Blockage of what artery could affect the quadriceps?
Popliteal
Obturator
Femoral
Superior gluteal
Which muscles of the anterior compartment could perform flexion of the hip?
Iliopsoas, sartorius, rectus femoris, and pectineus
Gluteus medius, minimus, and TFL
Adductor magnus and gracilis
Vastus medialis and intermedius
Which muscles of the anterior compartment could perform extension of the knee?
Sartorius and iliopsoas
Vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and vastus intermedius
Biceps femoris and gracilis, and sartorius and iliopsoas
Pectineus and adductor brevis
Which muscles of the anterior compartment could perform external rotation of the hip?
Rectus femoris
Iliacus
Sartorius
Vastus medialis
Damage to the obturator nerve could involve which muscles of the medial thigh?
Adductor magnus, gracilis, semimembranosus, and gluteus medius
Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus
Gluteus medius and minimus
Vastus lateralis and medialis
Damage to the obturator nerve could involve which movements of the hip?
Hip abduction, hip external rotation and internal rotation
Hip extension and flexion
Hip adduction, medial rotation, flexion and extension
Knee flexion and hip lateral rotation
If there were damage to the obturator nerve, would there be any sensory impairment?
Sensation in the lateral thigh
Sensation in the posterior leg
Sensation in the medial thigh
No sensory effect
Which medial compartment muscles both medially rotate and adduct the hip?
Sartorius, gracilis, iliopsoas, pectineus and tensor fascia lata
Iliopsoas and pectineus
Gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus
Gluteus medius, maximus and minimus
Which of the medial compartment muscles are innervated by two different nerves? (hint: it is innervated by the femoral and tibial nerve)
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Adductor magnus
Pectineus
What might you find if only one of the two nerves to the adductor magnus were damaged?
No functional impairment
There would be a complete loss of hip flexion and hip extension
There would be weakness in hip adduction and medial rotation, and there could be slight weakness in hip extension when the hip is flexed
There would be a weakness in hip extension, abduction, lateral rotation, and there would be weakness in hip flexion when hip is extended
As the femoral and obturator nerves both arise from L2–4 of the lumbar plexus, how could you differentiate between a spinal nerve lesion and a lesion of either the femoral or obturator nerve?
A femoral nerve lesion would cause anterior thigh and medial leg motor and sensory deficits, but spare the medial thigh.
An obturator nerve lesion would impair medial thigh muscles and sensation, but spare the anterior thigh.
A spinal nerve lesion would involve both femoral and obturator nerves, causing widespread motor and sensory deficits across anterior and medial thigh and leg.
A spinal nerve lesion would only affect the femoral nerve distribution.
What artery supplies blood to the muscles of the posterior compartment? (hint: perforating arteries)
Femoral artery
Obturator artery
Profunda femoral artery
Popliteal artery
Damage to the tibial nerve could affect which posterior compartment muscles?
Short and long head of biceps femoris, and vastus lateralis
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of the biceps femoris
Gluteus medius, maximus, and minimus
Vastus lateralis and medialis
Damage to the tibial nerve could affect which actions of the posterior compartment muscles?
Hip flexion and extension, and knee extension and flexion
Hip extension, knee flexion and tibial external and internal rotation
Foot inversion and eversion
Ankle dorsiflexion
Damage to the common fibular (peroneal) nerve could affect which posterior compartment muscles?
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Short head of the biceps femoris
Popliteus
Damage to the common fibular (peroneal) nerve could affect which actions of the posterior compartment?
Hip extension and internal rotation
Ankle plantarflexion and inversion
Knee flexion and external tibial rotation
Ankle dorsiflexion
Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform flexion of the knee?
Sartorius and gracilis
Tensor fasciae latae, short head of the biceps femoris, and sartorius
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long and short heads of the biceps femoris
Vastus intermedius and rectus femoris
Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform internal rotation of the tibia?
Long and short heads of the biceps femoris
Semitendinosus and semimembranosus
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Popliteus and gracilis
Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform extension of the hip?
Rectus femoris and vastus lateralis
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of the biceps femoris
Gluteus medius and minimus
Sartorius and adductor magnus
Which of the posterior compartment muscles perform external rotation of the tibia?
Semitendinosus and semimembranosus
Popliteus and gracilis
Long and short heads of the biceps femoris
Gluteus maximus and piriformis
Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what muscles?
Vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and long head of the biceps femoris
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris, popliteus, and gastrocnemius
Tibialis anterior and fibularis longus
Adductor longus and magnus
Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what nerves?
Femoral, tibial, deep fibular, common fibular, sciatic, and obturator nerves
Common peroneal, tibial, medial and lateral sural, genicular, and posterior femoral cutaneous
Deep fibular and superficial fibular only
Lateral femoral cutaneous and sciatic nerves
Trauma to the popliteal fossa could damage what arteries?
Anterior tibial and fibular
Inferior epigastric
Popliteal genicular
Medial circumflex femoral
What arteries in the popliteal fossa supply blood directly to the knee joint?
Deep femoral and obturator arteries
Superior medial genicular, superior genicular, middle genicular, inferior medial genicular, and inferior lateral genicular
Inferior gluteal, superior gluteal, middle genicular, obturator, internal iliac, external iliac, and femoral arteries
Internal iliac and external iliac branches
Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the posterior thigh?
Yes, severely
No
Only sensory, not motor
Only motor
Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior leg?
No
Yes, it involves the femoral nerve
Yes, it involves the deep fibular nerve off of common peroneal (fibular) nerve
Only affects sensory
Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the medial thigh?
Yes
No, this involves the obturator nerve (damage distal to nerve)
No, this involves the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Yes, the femoral nerve is involved
Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the posterior leg?
No
Yes, this involves the femoral nerve
Yes, this involves the tibial nerve
Only sensory fibers would be affected
Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the anterior thigh?
Yes, the sciatic nerve controls this area
Yes, the obturator nerve is involved
No, this involves the femoral nerve (damage distal to nerve)
Only sensory innervation is affected
Would damage to the tibial or common fibular (peroneal) nerves in the popliteal fossa affect motor or sensory innervation in the foot?
No
Yes, innervation to the foot from tibial and common fibular nerve
Only the tibial nerve is involved
Only deep fibular nerve controls the foot
