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WorksheetsLeg, Ankle, and Foot Practice Exam
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 28mins
What are the main movements permitted at the ankle joint?
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
Inversion and eversion
Flexion and extension
Supination and pronation
What are the main movements permitted at the subtalar joint?
Flexion and extension
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
Inversion and eversion
Abduction and adduction
What are the main movements permitted at the midtarsal joint?
Supination and pronation
Inversion and eversion
Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
Circumduction and flexion
A lateral sprain of the ankle resulting from excessive inversion of the foot could damage which ankle ligaments?
Deltoid ligament
Lateral collateral ligament
Spring ligament
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
What makes up the lateral collateral ligament?
Deltoid, spring, and interosseous ligaments
Anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and posterior talofibular
Posterior tibiofibular, calcaneonavicular, and anterior tibiotalar
Tibonavicular, tibiocalcaneal, and tibiotalar
A medial sprain of the ankle due to excessive eversion of the foot could damage which ankle ligaments?
Lateral collateral ligament
Spring ligament
Interosseous membrane
Deltoid ligament
What makes up the deltoid ligament?
Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus
Anterior tibiotalar, posterior tibiotalar, tibiocalcaneal, and tibionavicular
Anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular, and posterior talofibular
Plantar fascia and spring ligament
What is the sensory innervation of the ankle joint?
Sural and superficial fibular nerves
Tibial and deep fibular nerves
Medial plantar and saphenous nerves
Obturator and femoral nerves
What two joints form the midtarsal joint?
A. Talonavicular and calcaneocuboid
B. Subtalar and tibiotalar
C. Cubonavicular and cuneonavicular
D. Intercuneiform and tarsometatarsal
What muscles could be affected with damage to the deep fibular nerve?
Soleus and gastrocnemius
Anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus and brevis, and the extensor hallucis longus and brevis
Flexor hallucis longus, anterior tibialis, soleus, gastrocnemius, and popliteus
Fibularis longus and brevis
What actions would be affected with damage to the deep fibular nerve?
Toe flexion and plantar flexion
Ankle dorsiflexion, foot inversion, extension of the toes and big toe
Knee extension and hip flexion
Foot eversion and toe abduction
What sensory impairment could result from damage to the deep fibular nerve?
Loss of sensation on the plantar surface of the foot
Decreased sensation to the skin between the big toe and the second toe
Loss of sensation on the lateral side of the foot and the little toe
Complete numbness of the calf
What common ankle movement results from the action of the anterior tibialis, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum?
Plantarflexion
Ankle dorsiflexion
Inversion
Eversion
What is the difference in the actions of the anterior tibialis compared to the extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum?
The anterior tibialis does not extend the toes, and the extensors do not invert the foot
The anterior tibialis plantarflexes, while the extensors dorsiflex
The anterior tibialis abducts toes, the extensors do not
The anterior tibialis everts, while extensors invert
What posterior compartment muscles could be involved with damage to the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa?
Extensor digitorum longus and brevis, anterior tibialis, adductor hallucis, gastrocnemius, soleus, and the dorsum of the foot
Popliteus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, posterior tibialis, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and the muscles of the plantar foot
Only the gastrocnemius and soleus
None of the above
What posterior compartment muscle actions could be involved with damage to the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa?
Hip extension, knee flexion, flexion of the toes, tibial external rotation, and foot eversion
Knee flexion, tibial internal rotation, ankle plantar flexion, toe flexion, and foot inversion
Toe abduction and adduction
Foot eversion and dorsiflexion
What posterior compartment muscles could be involved with damage to the tibial nerve in the ankle?
Muscles of the anterior compartment
Muscles of the lateral compartment
Muscles of the plantar foot
None
What posterior compartment muscle actions could be involved with damage to the tibial nerve in the ankle?
Flexion of the toes and big toe, little toe abduction, big toe adduction, and muscle stability of the foot
Foot eversion, dorsiflexion, little toe adduction, big toe abduction, and muscle stability of the foot
Toe extension and plantarflexion
Foot abduction and adduction
Rupture of the Achilles tendon would affect what muscles?
Extensor digitorum brevis and longus
Gastrocnemius, plantaris, and soleus
Fibularis longus and brevis
Posterior tibialis and flexor digitorum
Rupture of the Achilles tendon would affect what actions?
Toe extension and foot eversion
Plantar flexion of the ankle and inversion of the foot
Dorsiflexion and abduction
Knee extension and toe adduction
What muscles in the posterior compartment are involved in ankle plantarflexion?
Anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus, and brevis, fibularis longus and brevis, and plantaris
Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, posterior tibialis, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus
Fibularis longus and brevis
None
What muscle(s) in the posterior compartment are involved in ankle dorsiflexion?
Gastrocnemius and soleus
Anterior tibialis
None
Extensor digitorum longus
What muscles in the posterior compartment are involved in foot inversion?
Fibularis longus and brevis
Extensor digitorum and fibularis tertius
Gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, and posterior tibialis
None
What muscle(s) in the posterior compartment are involved in knee flexion?
Soleus
Gastrocnemius
Posterior tibialis
Flexor hallucis longus
What muscle(s) in the posterior compartment are involved in foot eversion?
Fibularis longus
Plantaris
None
Gastrocnemius
Which muscles could be affected with damage to the superficial fibular nerve?
Tibialis posterior and soleus
Extensor digitorum longus and brevis
Fibularis longus and brevis
Gastrocnemius and plantaris
Which actions could be affected with damage to the superficial fibular nerve?
Ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
Eversion and plantar flexion
Toe extension and abduction
Foot inversion and dorsiflexion
Which sensations could be affected with damage to the superficial fibular nerve?
Plantar surface of the foot
Medial malleolus and medial leg
Lateral and anterior lateral skin of the distal leg and the dorsum of the foot
Skin between first and second toe
Which muscles in the lower leg could be affected with damage to the common fibular nerve?
A. Anterior and lateral compartments, and muscles of the dorsum of the foot
B. Posterior compartment only
C. Plantar intrinsic foot muscles only
D. Adductors and abductors of the hip
Which actions of the lower leg could be affected with damage to the common fibular nerve?
Decrease in hip flexion, knee extension, flexion of the toes, foot eversion, and extension of the ankle
Decrease in ankle dorsiflexion, foot inversion and eversion, extension of the toes, and plantar flexion
Only plantar flexion
Foot inversion and toe flexion
Which sensations of the foot could be affected with damage to the common fibular nerve?
Plantar foot and heel
Lateral malleolus
Dorsum of foot except for lateral border
First web space only
How would the results of superficial fibular nerve damage near the knee differ from damage at the ankle?
No difference in effects
Only sensory loss occurs in both cases
Near the knee affects muscles of the lateral compartment and dorsum of foot skin; at the ankle, only skin of the dorsum is affected
Ankle damage affects both motor and sensory in the lateral compartment; knee damage affects only sensory of the dorsum of the foot
What structures of the anterior compartment of the leg extend into the dorsum of the foot?
Fibularis longus, tibial nerve, extensor digitorum longus, soleus, gastrocnemius, and posterior tibial artery
Deep fibular nerve, anterior tibial artery, anterior tibialis, extensor digitorum longus, and extensor hallucis longus
Medial plantar nerve and dorsalis pedis artery
Soleus, gastrocnemius, and saphenous nerve
Which structures lie only in the dorsum of the foot?
Deep fibular nerve and anterior tibial artery
Extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis brevis, dorsalis pedis artery, arcuate artery, deep plantar artery, malleolar arteries, tarsal arteries, dorsal metatarsal and digital arteries, and media/lateral cutaneous branches of superficial fibular nerve
Flexor digitorum brevis, deep fibular nerve, plantar metatarsal, digital arteries, medial and lateral cutaneous branches of the superficial fibular nerve, gastrocnemius, soleus, biceps femoris, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digiti minimi, and tibialis posterior
Plantar metatarsal and digital arteries
How could damage to the common fibular nerve affect the dorsum of the foot?
Loss of sensation to the sole of the foot
Action of extensor digitorum brevis and hallucis brevis, and sensation to dorsum of foot including skin between big and second toe
Action loss of flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi, and sensory loss of the skin of the little toe
None
How could damage to the superficial fibular nerve affect the dorsum of the foot?
Sensation to the dorsum of the foot but not between the big and second toe
Complete motor paralysis
No sensory effect
Loss of plantar sensation
How could damage to the deep fibular nerve affect the dorsum of the foot?
Loss of foot eversion
Action of extensor digitorum brevis and hallucis brevis and sensation to the dorsal skin area between the big and second toe
Loss of sensation to the lateral malleolus and dorsum of the foot, and action of the flexor digitorum superficialis
None
How could damage to the tibial nerve affect the dorsum of the foot?
No effect on the dorsum of the foot
Complete loss of foot inversion
Sensation loss between toes
Dorsiflexion paralysis
What do muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg and dorsum of the foot have in common?
Supplied by superficial fibular nerve
All are toe flexors
Both are extensors of the toes and are innervated by the deep fibular nerve
Responsible for foot eversion
What forms the plantar arch?
Medial plantar and posterior tibial arteries
Deep plantar artery and lateral plantar artery
Popliteal and fibular arteries
Anterior tibial and medial plantar arteries
Will occlusion of the popliteal artery decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot?
No
Yes – affects posterior and anterior tibial arteries
Yes – affects dorsalis pedis and thus deep plantar
Only in the toes
Will occlusion of the anterior tibial artery decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot?
No – supplies only anterior leg
Yes – affects dorsalis pedis and thus deep plantar
Yes – affects posterior and anterior tibial arteries
No – it doesn't reach the foot
Will occlusion of the fibular artery decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot?
Yes – primary supplier
Yes – supplies lateral foot
No – does not reach the foot
Yes – supplies the toes
Will occlusion of the posterior tibial artery decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot?
No
Yes – gives off lateral and medial plantar arteries
Only slightly
Yes – affects posterior and anterior tibial arteries
Will occlusion of the inferior genicular artery decrease blood supply to the plantar aspect of the foot?
Yes – part of plantar arch
Yes – supplies big toe
No – goes to the knee only
Yes – branches to ankle
Which muscles would be affected by damage to the deep lateral plantar nerve?
Flexor hallucis brevis and abductor hallucis
Lumbricals 2–4, dorsal and plantar interossei, and adductor hallucis
Flexor digitorum brevis and tibialis posterior
Fibularis longus and brevis
Which muscles would be affected by damage to the medial plantar nerve?
Lumbricals 2–4
Dorsal and plantar interossei
Flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis brevis, and first lumbrical
Flexor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus and brevis, and popliteus
What sensory impairment would be expected in the foot with damage to L5?
Lateral plantar surface
Medial ankle
Dorsum of the foot
Heel
What sensory impairment would be expected in the foot with damage to the lateral plantar nerve?
Entire dorsum of the foot
Medial sole
Lateral plantar surface of the foot up to but not including the 3rd (middle) toe
Only the heel
What sensory impairment would be expected in the foot with damage to the deep fibular nerve?
Entire dorsum of foot
Dorsal skin between the big and second toes
Lateral border of foot
Plantar toes 1–3
What sensory impairment would be expected in the foot with damage to the S1 nerve?
Heel only
Plantar surface of foot, dorsal and plantar surface of little toe, and dorsum of toes
Dorsum of foot, the heel, dorsum of the toes and the back of the leg
Medial big toe
What sensory impairment would be expected in the foot with damage to the medial plantar nerve?
Lateral border of foot
Dorsal surface of toes 1–3
Medial plantar surface of the foot up to but not including the 4th toe
Heel and arch
What sensory impairment would be expected in the foot with damage to the tibial nerve?
Entire dorsum of foot
Entire plantar surface of the foot
Skin between big and second toes
Lateral side of leg
What sensory impairment would be expected in the foot with damage to the common fibular nerve?
Plantar surface only
Lateral border of foot
Dorsum of foot except for lateral border
Medial heel
What muscles lie in layer three of the plantar aspect of the foot?
Abductor hallucis, flexor digitorum brevis, and abductor digiti minimi
Flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, and flexor digiti minimi
Lumbricals and interossei
Tibialis posterior and fibularis longus
