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Plant Breeding Quiz

Total questions: 159

Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The oldest method in plant breeding is:

a)

Hybridization

b)

Selection

c)

Mutation breeding

d)

Genetic engineering

2.

Who discovered sex in plants?

a)

Mendel

b)

Camerarius 1694

c)

Darwin

d)

Morgan

3.

The source of dwarfing gene in wheat is:

a)

Norin-10

b)

Norin-20

c)

Sonora-64

d)

Kalyansona

4.

The term 'Genetics' was coined by:

a)

Walther Fleming

b)

W. Bateson 1905

c)

T. H. Morgan

d)

Hugo de Vries

5.

Chromosomes were discovered by:

a)

Watson

b)

Crick

c)

Walther Fleming1882

d)

Camerarius

6.

DNA was discovered by:

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Mendel

c)

Darwin

d)

Bateson

7.

Which part of chromosome is permanently condensed?

a)

Euchromatin

b)

Heterochromatin

c)

Centrosome

d)

Nucleosome

8.

Which chromosomes carry identical alleles?

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homozygous

c)

Homologous

d)

Homeologous

9.

Chromosome with centromere in the middle is:

a)

Acrocentric

b)

Telocentric

c)

Metacentric

d)

Sub-metacentric

10.

DNA is:

a)

Single-stranded

b)

Double-stranded

c)

Triple-stranded

d)

None

11.

Which DNA is left-handed?

a)

A-DNA

b)

B-DNA

c)

Z-DNA

d)

C-DNA

12.

The process of DNA changing into mRNA is called:

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Transformation

13.

In RNA, thymine is replaced by:

a)

Adenine

b)

Guanine

c)

Uracil

d)

Cytosine

14.

Exon is:

a)

Non-coding region

b)

Coding region

c)

Centromere

d)

Histone protein

15.

Phenotype is the result of:

a)

Only genotype

b)

Only environment

c)

Genotype × Environment

d)

None

16.

Protandry means:

a)

Pistil matures first

b)

Anther matures first

c)

Both mature together

d)

No maturation

17.

Example of protogyny:

a)

Maize

b)

Wheat

c)

Sunflower

d)

Rice

18.

Autogamy occurs in:

a)

Sunflower

b)

Wheat

c)

Maize

d)

Mustard

19.

Cleistogamy means pollination in:

a)

Open flower

b)

Closed flower

c)

Insects

d)

Wind

20.

Chasmogamy occurs in:

a)

Wheat

b)

Maize

c)

Rice

d)

Barley

21.

A Variety is:

a)

A popular high-yield plant

b)

A group of plants differing in structure and performance

c)

A new hybrid

d)

A chemical treatment

22.

Pure line is associated with:

a)

Self-pollinated species

b)

Cross-pollinated species

c)

Vegetative propagation

d)

Genetic engineering

23.

Xenia affects:

a)

Embryo

b)

Endosperm

c)

Ovary wall

d)

Maternal tissues

24.

Seed is:

a)

Ripened ovary

b)

Ripened ovule used for multiplication

c)

Food grain

d)

Inflorescence

25.

Grain is:

a)

For multiplication

b)

For domestic use

c)

For planting

d)

None

26.

Orthodox seeds can be stored:

a)

At low moisture

b)

Cannot be stored dry

c)

Need high moisture

d)

Only in cold

27.

Example of recalcitrant seed:

a)

Wheat

b)

Maize

c)

Coconut

d)

Rice

28.

Certified seed has:

a)

Pink tag

b)

Blue tag

c)

Yellow tag

d)

White tag

29.

Germination percentage in certified seed is:

a)

70%

b)

85%

c)

90%

d)

95%

30.

Seed moisture should not exceed:

a)

14%

b)

10%

c)

12%

d)

15%

31.

Protein content in barley is higher than:

a)

Maize

b)

Wheat

c)

Rice

d)

Sorghum

32.

ICARDA is located in:

a)

India

b)

Syria

c)

USA

d)

Pakistan

33.

Rice gene bank is in:

a)

Peru

b)

Philippines

c)

Japan

d)

China

34.

In-situ conservation means:

a)

In laboratory

b)

In natural habitat

c)

In freezer

d)

In water

35.

Heterozygosity is promoted by:

a)

Autogamy

b)

Allogamy

c)

Cleistogamy

d)

Self-pollination

36.

Mitosis term was coined by:

a)

Flemming

b)

Mendel

c)

Darwin

d)

Morgan

37.

Artificial vegetative propagation example:

a)

Grafting

b)

Budding

c)

Seed sowing

d)

Cutting

38.

Cleistogamy is found in:

a)

Maize

b)

Wheat

c)

Sunflower

d)

Sugarcane

39.

Ploidy of wheat is:

a)

Diploid

b)

Tetraploid

c)

Hexaploid

d)

Octaploid

40.

Father of Hybrid Rice is:

a)

Yuan Longping

b)

Norman Borlaug

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Watson

41.

The process of gene cloning involves:

a)

Producing identical gene copies

b)

Mutation

c)

Natural selection

d)

Pollination

42.

Multiline varieties concept was given by:

a)

Harrington

b)

Jensen

c)

Hull

d)

Shull

43.

Mass pedigree method was developed by:

a)

Stadler

b)

Harrington

c)

Hull

d)

Jensen

44.

The most effective method for transferring oligogenic characters is:

a)

Backcross

b)

Mass selection

c)

Mutation breeding

d)

Hybridization

45.

Recurrent selection term was coined by:

a)

Hull

b)

Bateson

c)

Mather

d)

Wright

46.

In long-term storage, germplasm can be stored up to:

a)

20 years

b)

50 years

c)

100 years

d)

10 years

47.

Global gene bank for Potato is located in:

a)

India

b)

Peru (CIP)

c)

Philippines

d)

USA

48.

Seed dormancy broken by cold, moist conditions is called:

a)

Scarification

b)

Stratification

c)

Hardening

d)

Conditioning

49.

Breaking hard seed coat by physical means is called:

a)

Stratification

b)

Scarification

c)

Gibberellin treatment

d)

Heat shock

50.

The seed of Sunflower is called:

a)

Achene

b)

Caryopsis

c)

Drupe

d)

Fuzz

51.

The seed of Sugarcane is known as:

a)

Achene

b)

Fuzz

c)

Caryopsis

d)

Kernel

52.

Inflorescence of Sunflower is:

a)

Spike

b)

Capitulum

c)

Panicle

d)

Umbel

53.

Inflorescence of Rice and Sorghum is:

a)

Spike

b)

Panicle

c)

Head

d)

Capitulum

54.

In cereals, the main source of photosynthesis is:

a)

Flag leaf

b)

Cotyledon

c)

First internode

d)

Seed coat

55.

A complete flower has how many whorls?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

56.

Seed coat is derived from:

a)

Endosperm

b)

Integument

c)

Embryo

d)

Aleurone

57.

The ovary wall after fertilization becomes:

a)

Seed coat

b)

Pericarp

c)

Endosperm

d)

Aleurone layer

58.

Outer husk covering spikelet floret in grasses is called:

a)

Lemma

b)

Palea

c)

Glume

d)

Pericarp

59.

Lower bract in grasses is:

(a)  

60.

Outer husk covering spikelet floret in grasses is called:

a)

Lemma

b)

Palea

c)

Glume

d)

Pericarp

61.

Lower bract in grasses is:

a)

Lemma

b)

Palea

c)

Glume

d)

Lodicule

62.

Upper bract in grasses is:

a)

Lemma

b)

Palea

c)

Glume

d)

Pericarp

63.

Certification is not required for:

a)

Certified seed

b)

Breeder seed

c)

Foundation seed

d)

Truthfully labeled seed

64.

Breeder seed is the progeny of:

a)

Nucleus seed

b)

Certified seed

c)

Foundation seed

d)

Approved seed

65.

The term "Amphimixis" refers to:

a)

Asexual reproduction

b)

Sexual reproduction

c)

Parthenogenesis

d)

Apomixis

66.

Cytoplasmic sterility is governed by:

a)

Nuclear genes

b)

Plasma genes

c)

Hybrid genes

d)

Mutation

67.

Mating between distantly related individuals is:

a)

Inbreeding

b)

Outbreeding

c)

Selfing

d)

Cloning

68.

Allogamy leads to:

a)

Homozygosity

b)

Heterozygosity

c)

Cloning

d)

Mutation

69.

Male sterility promotes:

a)

Autogamy

b)

Allogamy

c)

Cleistogamy

d)

Vegetative propagation

70.

Mating systems were given by:

a)

Hull

b)

Sewell Wright

c)

Stadler

d)

Darwin

71.

Conservation of germplasm in natural conditions is called:

a)

Ex-situ

b)

In-situ

c)

Cryopreservation

d)

Gene bank

72.

The global gene pool of rice is maintained at:

a)

CIP Peru

b)

IRRI Philippines

c)

ICARDA Syria

d)

CIMMYT Mexico

73.

The global gene bank of Potato is maintained at:

a)

IRRI Philippines

b)

CIP Peru

c)

ICARDA Syria

d)

CIMMYT Mexico

74.

Who proposed the overdominance hypothesis of heterosis?

a)

Jensen

b)

Shull & East

c)

Hull

d)

Harrington

75.

The concept of disruptive selection was given by:

a)

Mather

b)

Mendel

c)

Stadler

d)

Wright

76.

Pollination and fertilization in closed flowers is called:

a)

Chasmogamy

b)

Cleistogamy

c)

Allogamy

d)

Protandry

77.

Anthesis in Allium cepa (onion) starts at:

a)

5:00 am

b)

6:00 am

c)

7:00 am

d)

8:00 am

78.

Plants having monoecious flowers include:

a)

Maize

b)

Wheat

c)

Barley

d)

Sunflower

79.

The term mitosis was given by:

a)

Bateson

b)

Flemming

c)

Darwin

d)

Morgan

80.

The part of the seed that stores food is called:

a)

Seed coat

b)

Endosperm

c)

Scutellum

d)

Plumule

81.

The scar left by the attachment of seed to fruit is called:

a)

Micropyle

b)

Hilum

c)

Aleurone

d)

Scutellum

82.

The small pore in the seed coat is called:

a)

Plumule

b)

Radicle

c)

Micropyle

d)

Coleoptile

83.

The large shield-shaped cotyledon in monocot seeds is:

a)

Scutellum

b)

Aleurone

c)

Plumule

d)

Hilum

84.

The protective sheath covering the plumule is called:

a)

Coleoptile

b)

Coleorhiza

c)

Scutellum

d)

Endosperm

85.

Seeds that can tolerate drying and low moisture are called:

a)

Orthodox

b)

Recalcitrant

c)

Dormant

d)

Hybrid

86.

The seed class tagged with white label is:

a)

Certified seed

b)

Basic/Foundation seed

c)

Approved seed

d)

Truthfully labeled seed

87.

The seed class tagged with blue label is:

a)

Certified seed

b)

Foundation seed

c)

Breeder seed

d)

Approved seed

88.

The seed class tagged with pink label is:

a)

Approved seed

b)

Breeder seed

c)

Truthfully labeled seed

d)

Certified seed

89.

The yellow label is used for:

a)

Certified seed

b)

Truthfully Labeled Seed

c)

Breeder seed

d)

Approved seed

90.

Seed Testing Report is used to identify:

a)

Nucleus seed

b)

Certified seed

c)

Foundation seed

d)

Approved seed

91.

The germination percentage required for certified seeds is:

a)

75%

b)

85%

c)

90%

d)

95%

92.

The maximum moisture allowed in certified seeds is:

a)

14%

b)

12%

c)

10%

d)

8%

93.

The number of weed seeds allowed in certified seed per kg is:

a)

None

b)

2/kg

c)

5/kg

d)

10/kg

94.

Global conservation of germplasm by freezing is called:

a)

In-situ

b)

Cryopreservation

c)

Ex-situ

d)

Genetic diversity

95.

Mating between close relatives is:

a)

Inbreeding

b)

Outbreeding

c)

Cross breeding

d)

Random mating

96.

Cross-pollinated species require the development of:

a)

Pure line

b)

Inbred line

c)

Clonal line

d)

Apomictic line

97.

The father of hybrid rice is:

a)

Yuan Longping

b)

Norman Borlaug

c)

M. S. Swaminathan

d)

Shull

98.

The immediate effect of pollen on the endosperm is called:

a)

Metaxenia

b)

Xenia

c)

Chasmogamy

d)

Protandry

99.

The effect of pollen on maternal tissue of fruit is called:

a)

Xenia

b)

Metaxenia

c)

Allogamy

d)

Cleistogamy

100.

A ripened ovary is known as:

a)

Seed

b)

Fruit

c)

Grain

d)

Embryo

101.

The outermost covering of the seed is:

a)

Seed coat

b)

Endosperm

c)

Aleurone layer

d)

Scutellum

102.

The outer covering of endosperm is called:

a)

Seed coat

b)

Aleurone layer

c)

Hilum

d)

Coleoptile

103.

The stored food in a seed is located in:

a)

Endosperm

b)

Hilum

c)

Scutellum

d)

Plumule

104.

The shoot-emergence structure in a seed is:

a)

Radicle

b)

Plumule

c)

Scutellum

d)

Coleorhiza

105.

The root-emergence structure in a seed is:

a)

Radicle

b)

Plumule

c)

Coleoptile

d)

Aleurone

106.

Which seed class is not certified by FSC&RD?

a)

Certified

b)

Foundation

c)

Breeder/Nucleus

d)

Approved

107.

Seed class with diagonal violet line on white label is:

a)

Pre-Basic

b)

Basic/Foundation

c)

Certified

d)

Approved

108.

Which seed class is produced by provincial organizations?

a)

Breeder seed

b)

Pre-basic seed

c)

Basic/Foundation seed

d)

Approved seed

109.

Truthfully Labeled Seed falls under which regulation?

a)

Seed Act 1976

b)

Seed (Truth in Labeling) Rules, 1991

c)

FSC&RD Act 2015

d)

Plant Breeders Act

110.

The percentage of pure seed in Pre-Basic class is:

a)

98%

b)

99.9%

c)

95%

d)

100%

111.

The percentage of pure seed in Pre-Basic class is:

a)

98%

b)

99.9%

c)

95%

d)

100%

112.

The maximum other variety seed in Certified seed is:

a)

0.05%

b)

0.10%

c)

0.20%

d)

None

113.

Germination standard in Pre-basic, Basic and Certified seed is:

a)

80%

b)

85%

c)

90%

d)

75%

114.

ICARDA stands for:

a)

International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas

b)

International Crop Advancement Research Division of Africa

c)

International Conservation Agency for Research in Agriculture

d)

International Climate and Agriculture Research Development Association

115.

IRRI focuses on:

a)

Maize

b)

Wheat

c)

Rice

d)

Pulses

116.

The reproductive structure of maize is an example of:

a)

Protandry

b)

Protogyny

c)

Cleistogamy

d)

Chasmogamy

117.

Wheat is an example of:

a)

Autogamy

b)

Allogamy

c)

Hybridization

d)

In-situ species

118.

Sunflower is an example of:

a)

Self-pollinated crop

b)

Cross-pollinated crop

c)

Vegetative propagated crop

d)

Autogamous crop

119.

A single-seeded dry fruit where seed coat is fused with pericarp is:

a)

Achene

b)

Caryopsis

c)

Drupe

d)

Fuzz

120.

Stratification is used to:

a)

Break physical dormancy

b)

Break physiological dormancy

c)

Increase seed size

d)

Harden seedlings

121.

Scarification is used to:

a)

Break mechanical dormancy

b)

Break temperature dormancy

c)

Increase germination rate by chemicals

d)

Improve flower color

122.

In Protandry, which part matures first?

a)

Pistil

b)

Anther

c)

Ovule

d)

Stigma

123.

In Protogyny, which part matures first?

a)

Anther

b)

Ovule

c)

Pistil

d)

Seed

124.

Example of Protandry is:

a)

Wheat

b)

Rice

c)

Maize

d)

Sunflower

125.

Example of Protogyny is:

a)

Maize

b)

Pearl millet (Bajra)

c)

Rice

d)

Barley

126.

Autogamy refers to:

a)

Cross-pollination

b)

Insect pollination

c)

Wind pollination

d)

Self-pollination

127.

Which of the following is self-pollinated?

a)

Wheat

b)

Sunflower

c)

Maize

d)

Pearl millet

128.

Allogamy refers to:

a)

Same plant pollination

b)

Cross-pollination

c)

No pollination

d)

Artificial pollination

129.

Which of the following is cross-pollinated?

a)

Wheat

b)

Rice

c)

Sunflower

d)

Barley

130.

Pure line is obtained from:

a)

Cross-pollinated plants

b)

Self-pollinated plants

c)

Vegetative propagated plants

d)

Hybrid plants

131.

Inbred line is developed from:

a)

Self-pollinated species

b)

Cross-pollinated species

c)

Hybrid species

d)

Grafted species

132.

Pure line is:

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Homozygous and stable

c)

Always hybrid

d)

Genetically different

133.

Inbred line is:

a)

Genetically uniform and homozygous

b)

Genetically variable

c)

Sterile line

d)

Clone line

134.

Inbred lines are mainly used to develop:

a)

Pure lines

b)

Hybrids

c)

Clones

d)

Varieties

135.

Pure line selection method is suitable for:

a)

Maize

b)

Sunflower

c)

Wheat

d)

Sugarcane

136.

Inbreeding depression is commonly observed in:

a)

Self-pollinated crops

b)

Cross-pollinated crops

c)

Asexually propagated crops

d)

Mutated crops

137.

Which type of seeds can be dried and stored for a long time?

a)

Recalcitrant

b)

Hybrid

c)

Orthodox

d)

None

138.

Recalcitrant seeds cannot tolerate:

a)

Heat

b)

Cold

c)

Drying

d)

Moisture

139.

Which one is an example of a recalcitrant seed?

a)

Rice

b)

Wheat

c)

Coconut

d)

Maize

140.

Orthodox seeds are:

a)

Short-lived

b)

Cannot be stored

c)

Long-lived and storable when dry

d)

Always recalcitrant

141.

Tea seeds belong to which category?

a)

Orthodox

b)

Synthetic

c)

Recalcitrant

d)

Dormant

142.

Which crop has orthodox seeds?

a)

Mango

b)

Coconut

c)

Wheat

d)

Tea

143.

Recalcitrant seeds lose viability quickly due to:

a)

Exposure to water

b)

Exposure to sunlight

c)

Drying and low temperature

d)

Fertilizer application

144.

What is the moisture content suitable for orthodox seed storage?

a)

30-40%

b)

10-12%

c)

60-70%

d)

80-90%

145.

Which seed class has no tag color?

a)

Basic

b)

Breeder

c)

Certified

d)

Approved

146.

What is the tag color of Certified seed?

a)

White

b)

Blue

c)

Pink

d)

Yellow

147.

White + Violet tag is used for which seed class?

a)

Breeder

b)

Basic

c)

Pre-Basic

d)

Truthfully Labeled

148.

Which seed class has a White tag?

a)

Basic

b)

Approved

c)

Certified

d)

Truthfully Labeled

149.

Pink tag is used for:

a)

Truthfully Labeled seed

b)

Breeder seed

c)

Approved seed

d)

Pre-Basic seed

150.

Yellow tag is associated with:

a)

Certified seed

b)

Truthfully Labeled seed

c)

Basic seed

d)

Breeder seed

151.

Which of the following has a Blue tag?

a)

Pre-Basic

b)

Basic

c)

Certified

d)

Truthfully Labeled

152.

IRRI is located in:

a)

India

b)

Peru

c)

Philippines

d)

Syria

153.

The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) works on:

a)

Wheat

b)

Maize

c)

Rice

d)

Sugarcane

154.

The global gene bank for potato is located at:

a)

Mexico

b)

Syria

c)

Peru

d)

India

155.

CIP focuses on which crop?

a)

Wheat

b)

Potato

c)

Maize

d)

Rice

156.

ICARDA is an organization working on:

a)

Mountain crops

b)

Rain forests

c)

Dry areas

d)

Coastal crops

157.

ICARDA is headquartered in:

a)

Peru

b)

Mexico

c)

Syria

d)

Philippines

158.

CIMMYT is based in:

a)

Peru

b)

Philippines

c)

Syria

d)

Mexico

159.

CIMMYT focuses on which crops?

a)

Rice and Potato

b)

Wheat and Maize

c)

Cotton and Sugarcane

d)

Pulses and Vegetables

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