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WorksheetsChapter 44: George III
Total questions: 154
Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins
What was the British policy of allowing the colonies to grow with few restrictions called?
Manifest Destiny
Mercantilist Control
Salutary Neglect
Parliamentary Sovereignty
What ended the period of salutary neglect in 1763?
The Boston Tea Party
A new prime minister, George Grenville
The Stamp Act Congress
The Election of George Washington
Why did Britain need to create new policies after the French and Indian War?
They wanted to give colonies more independence
They hoped to unite with France
The war was extremely expensive and they needed revenue
They planned to abandon North America
What was the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
Encourage settlers to move west
Punish France
Keep peace by separating settlers and Native Americans
Create new colonies beyond the Appalachians
Why were colonists upset with the Proclamation Line?
It forced them to leave the colonies
It prevented them from trading with France
It stopped them from expanding west into land they fought for
It raised taxes on landowners
What was Pontiac’s goal during Pontiac’s Conspiracy?
A. Unite all European settlers
B. Assist the British military
C. Win the Ohio territory back for France
D. Destroy all French property
General Amherst attempted to change relations with Native Americans by...
Increasing gift-giving
Allowing free trade
Making them equal partners
Curtailing gift-giving and restricting ammunition
What were many Native groups afraid of?
Losing access to British ships
Becoming subjects under British control
Being forced to move to Europe
Having to pay colonial taxes
Whose visions inspired Pontiac’s religious message?
George Whitefield
Ben Franklin
A Delaware prophet named Neolin (Nalin)
Tecumseh
What game did Native warriors use to disguise their approach to Fort Michilimackinac?
Stickball
Cricket
Which sport was used as a ruse during the attack?
Soccer
Cricket
Lacrosse (bagway)
Field hockey
What earlier event were the British unaware of during the lacrosse attack?
The French had returned
Pontiac’s attack on Fort Detroit
A peace treaty had been signed
Reinforcements were arriving
By mid-1763, what had happened to most major British forts in the backcountry?
They were strengthened
They had formed alliances with tribes
They were captured by Native forces
They were abandoned voluntarily
What were George Washington and other Virginians hoping to gain in 1763?
Military titles
A large land grant of nearly 4,000 square miles
A seat in Parliament
Lower taxes on tobacco
What happened to Mary Jemison during frontier conflicts?
She escaped to Canada
She became a British scout
She was captured and adopted by the Seneca
She led a militia group
What brutal tactic did Amherst consider using against Native tribes?
Why was Amherst removed from his command?
He asked to retire
He refused to serve the king
He could not control frontier violence
He joined the French
According to the Royal Proclamation of 1763, who were lands west of the Appalachians reserved for?
British settlers only
The French
The Spanish
Native Americans
Why did Britain begin taxing the colonies after the war?
To punish colonial rebellion
The national debt had doubled
To fund new colonies
To help France recover
What effect did the Sugar Act have on New England merchants?
It increased their profits
It encouraged rum production
It nearly destroyed the rum trade
It lowered the cost of molasses
B. Poisoning wells
Poisoning wells
Infecting them with smallpox via blankets
Mass deportation
Why did colonists object to being tried in Canada for Sugar Act violations?
They hated Canadian food
It denied them a jury of their peers
Canada was too cold
Canadian courts were too lenient
What did the Quartering Act require?
Colonists must purchase British uniforms
Colonists must serve in the British army
Colonists must house and feed British soldiers without payment
Colonists must ship goods to England
What was the Stamp Act?
A. A tax on land ownership
B. A tax requiring stamps on all printed materials
C. A tax on imported weapons
D. A tax on fishing villages
What were British writs of assistance?
Documents granting land
Blank search warrants
Permission to vote in Parliament
Licenses to trade with France
Which lawyer became famous for opposing writs of assistance?
John Hancock
Thomas Jefferson
James Otis
Sam Adams
What did Patrick Henry famously say when accused of treason?
“Give me liberty or give me death!”
“Taxation without representation is tyranny!”
“If this be treason, make the most of it.”
“We shall never surrender!”
What event helped spread awareness of the Virginia Resolves?
They were debated in Parliament
They were printed widely in newspapers
They were rejected by the governor
They were distributed only in Virginia
Why was the new tax a major shift in policy?
It was larger than any previous tax
It targeted only farmers
It was paid directly to England instead of local legislatures
It exempted wealthy colonists
Why did most British citizens pay little attention to the Stamp Act at first?
It was extremely popular
It was considered too radical
It was seen as technical and remote
It had already been repealed
Why were colonial elites especially angered by the Stamp Act?
They believed England should tax them more
They were not consulted about the change in policy
They were exempt from the tax
They wanted to collect the stamps themselves
Why did the Stamp Act feel insulting to many colonists?
It aligned them with low-status groups who lacked political rights
It was the highest tax in colonial history
It replaced elected officials
It banned colonial trade
What did George Washington say colonists must do?
Obey without question
Submit to all British laws
Assert their rights or become “tame and abject slaves”
Relocate to other colonies
Why was the Stamp Act politically unwise?
It taxed only religious material
It only applied to Boston
It targeted groups likely to protest loudly
It was never meant to be enforced
How did Parliament respond to the colonies' official petitions?
They accepted them
They debated them for weeks
They ignored them
They rewarded the petitioners
What happened to Andrew Oliver, the designated stamp distributor?
He enforced the act successfully
He fled the colonies
He was forced by a mob to resign
He became governor of Massachusetts
Why was Hutchinson shocked by the attacks on officials?
He believed the colonies wanted independence
He never imagined violence would be used to resist a law
He planned the protests himself
He believed mobs were legal institutions
What solution did John Dickinson support?
Accepting the tax for now
A joint colonial boycott of British goods
Petitioning the French for help
Moving colonial legislatures to England
How did Benjamin Franklin approach the Stamp Act crisis in London?
He called for immediate independence
He refused to meet with Parliament
He lobbied for repeal to restore harmony
He supported the tax privately
What did Hutchinson’s letters recommend?
More negotiation with the colonies
Stronger military defense
Harsher measures and fewer liberties
Immediate repeal of all taxes
What consequence did Franklin face after the letters were exposed?
He was knighted
He was appointed governor
He had to present the angry petition to the Privy Council
He was sent back to America by force
What major event occurred just before Franklin’s hearing?
The Boston Massacre
The Townshend Acts
The Boston Tea Party
The First Continental Congress
How did Franklin react during Wedderburn’s hour-long verbal attack?
He shouted back
He demanded a new judge
He stood silently without emotion
He left the room
What punishment did Franklin receive soon after the hearing?
Imprisonment
Deportation
Dismissal as deputy postmaster
Loss of property
What realization did Franklin reach after the hearing?
The colonies could never unite
His future did not lie within the British Empire
Parliament intended to compromise
He must return to teaching
What argument did Edmund Burke make in Parliament?
The colonies should be abandoned
The British should tax colonists even more
Britain benefited from trade, not taxes
The king should rule America directly
What did the Declaratory Act state?
Colonists now had full representation
The Stamp Act would return
Britain had authority to legislate for the colonies in all cases
Colonists could set their own tax rates
What additional demand upset colonists under the Townshend Acts?
Hiring colonial troops
Ending all trade
Quartering British soldiers
Mandatory church attendance
What group did Samuel Adams help organize?
The Loyalists
The Quaker Society
The Sons of Liberty
The Committees of Trade
How many colonists died in the Boston Massacre?
Two
Three
Five
Eight
What caused the soldier’s musket to discharge?
He intentionally fired into the crowd
He slipped on the ice
He was struck with a club and fell
Another soldier bumped into him
According to Captain Preston, where were the voices urging the soldiers to fire coming from?
From an upstairs window
From the alley behind his men
From the officers
From the courthouse
What did Robert Goddard claim he heard?
A. A call to retreat
B. Captain Preston order the men to reload
C. Captain Preston give the order to fire
D. A warning to disperse the crowd
What does the speaker say about voluntary manslaughter?
It is always justified
The law recognizes it clearly
There is no such thing as voluntary manslaughter
It applies only to soldiers
What evidence does the prosecutor claim proves malice?
The soldiers refused to retreat
The soldiers loaded their muskets with powder and ball
The soldiers insulted the townspeople
The soldiers wore military uniforms
According to the indictment, what motivated the accused?
Fear of losing rank
Misunderstanding of orders
Instigation of their own wicked hearts
Influence from the crowd
Which philosopher does John Adams quote in the defense?
John Locke
Montesquieu
The Marquis of Beccaria
Thomas Hobbes
What does Adams warn could happen if people act only from passion?
They will win more civil rights
They may make shipwreck of conscience
They will defeat tyranny
They will avoid violence
What does Adams argue about attacking a sentry’s post?
It is legal if the crowd is provoked
It is always protected by English law
It can be ignored during an emergency
It only applies to naval officers
What dangerous objects were thrown at the soldiers?
Gunpowder and stones
Nails and bricks
Sharp ice, oyster shells, and clubs
Torches and burning tar
What does Adams ask the jury to consider?
Whether the soldiers were truly trained
How the king would judge the case
What a reasonable man would do if he feared for his life
Whether the crowd deserved punishment
What statement does Adams famously make?
“Liberty is the shield of all men.”
“Facts are stubborn things.”
“No taxation without representation.”
“Justice belongs to the people.”
What is the verdict for Captain Thomas Preston?
Guilty of murder
Guilty of manslaughter
Not guilty
Guilty but pardoned
What verdict is given to the soldiers (Carroll, Kilroy, Montgomery, etc.)?
All guilty of murder
All guilty of manslaughter
All not guilty
All acquitted except Preston
What gift is Preston given after the trial?
A medal
A letter of recommendation
A small contribution of money from the soldiers
A British flag
What does Adams say about his own safety?
He will leave Massachusetts immediately
He expects violence from the crowd
He is safe because Massachusetts is his country
He intends to join the British Army
How does Adams describe the outcome of the trial to his family?
A. A moment of regret
B. One of the best services he ever rendered
C. A decision that will ruin his career
D. A victory for King George
What was Adams’s final result in the trial?
Conviction of all soldiers
Acquittal for seven and harsh sentences for two
Acquittal for seven and light sentences for two
Mistrial due to political pressure
Why was the Tea Act controversial even though it lowered the price of tea?
It banned all non-English tea
It increased shipping costs
Colonists still had to pay a tax without representation
Tea quality became worse
Why did John Hancock object to the new tea shipments?
He believed the tea was unsafe
He said the price was too high
He opposed the monopoly that strangled honest merchants
He wanted British ships banned entirely
Why couldn’t Boston force the tea ships to leave, unlike other colonies?
The weather prevented sailing
Merchants wanted the tea
Boston’s governor insisted the ships stay
The harbor was frozen
How many men participated in the Boston Tea Party?
About 20
Around 60
As many as 150
Nearly 400
Why was the Tea Party controversial even among colonists?
The price of tea skyrocketed afterward
Many believed destroying property went too far
It caused immediate war
It harmed local merchants
What call to action is made before heading to the harbor?
Let us vote on independence.
Let us obey Parliament.
It’s time to become patriots—men of action.
We must wait until morning.
What instruction is given during the destruction of the tea?
Burn everything aboard
Damage the ships so they cannot return
Take only the valuable crates
Destroy only the tea and nothing else
Why were the men destroying the tea?
They wanted to start a war
They disliked the taste
They were protesting unfair taxation
They were preparing for winter
Parliament raised the tea tax despite what?
The King’s refusal
The colonists’ objections
The East India Company’s boycott
British merchants’ demands
What phrase does the boy mispronounce as “no taxision without repentant”?
No more taxes
No rebellion without order
Taxation requires consent
No taxation without representation
Which 1773 event is described as resonating deeply in American history?
The Battle of Bunker Hill
The Boston Tea Party
The Stamp Act Riots
The First Continental Congress
What did the Tea Act of 1773 create?
A. A tax exemption on tea
B. A commercial monopoly for the East India Company
C. A ban on tea importation
D. A tax on newspapers
How did Bostonians disguise themselves during the Tea Party?
As British officers
As sailors
As Native Americans
As merchants
What was Parliament’s reaction to the Tea Party?
They ignored it
They lowered taxes
They punished Boston with more taxes
They repealed the Tea Act
Why did citizens gather at the Old South Meeting House?
To plan a rebellion
To protest the Stamp Act
To demand the ship Dartmouth be sent back to London
To elect representatives
What did the “brave and resolute men” accomplish in less than four hours?
Captured British soldiers
Dumped 342 chests of tea into the sea
Burned the harbor
Seized Parliament documents
What happened in Philadelphia when Boston’s resolutions were read publicly?
They were rejected
Merchants protested
People gave three cheers
The crowd dispersed
What did the inhabitants of Lexington do to demonstrate their resolve?
Closed the harbor
Held a parade
Burned all the tea in town
Signed a loyalty oath
What did Parliament pass in response to the Tea Party?
The Declaratory Acts
The Coercive (Intolerable) Acts
The Navigation Acts
The Quebec Settlement Acts
One provision of the Coercive Acts allowed what?
Colonists to vote in Parliament
Free trade with France
British soldiers to be housed among colonists
A colonial military council
Why did Sam question the legal authority of the Congress?
Only Virginia was represented
Assemblies had been outlawed
The King appointed the delegates
They lacked money
Why were the Coercive Acts and Quebec Act called the “Intolerable Acts”?
They raised food prices
They restricted westward settlement
They united colonies in outrage
They imposed a new military draft
What was one major action taken by the First Continental Congress?
Declaring independence
Establishing a colony-wide tax
Endorsing a boycott of British goods
Forming the U.S. Constitution
What did the Congress agree to send to King George III?
A. A surrender document
B. A loyal address condemning the acts
C. A request for military aid
D. A trade treaty
What law relieved taxes for colonies supporting the Crown?
The Townsend Act
The Conciliatory Resolution
The Coercive Amendment
The Colonial Tax Relief Act
Who was sent as royal governor after the Tea Party?
John Hancock
Samuel Adams
General Thomas Gage
Benjamin Franklin
Who possibly leaked information from Gage’s plans to the patriots?
Gage’s driver
Gage’s wife
A British soldier
John Hancock
Two lanterns appearing in the Old North Church meant what?
A. A signal for independence
B. British traveling by land
C. British traveling by sea
D. No danger
According to the transcript, who was the first rider sent on the midnight ride?
Paul Revere
Samuel Prescott
William Dawes
John Parker
What was Captain John Parker's instruction to the Minutemen?
Retreat at once.
Hide behind the fences.
Stand your ground; don't fire unless fired upon.
Fire immediately.
What happened at Lexington that no one can definitively explain?
Who lit the lanterns
Who fired the first shot
Why Revere was arrested
Why troops marched to Concord
What happened when the militia were first confronted by the British?
They successfully held their ground
They surrounded the British troops
They were overwhelmed and retreated
They captured several British officers
How long did it take the British to rout the colonists at the beginning?
5 minutes
15 minutes
30 minutes
An hour
What did the British uncover during their search in Concord?
A hidden stockpile of muskets
Thousands of rounds of ammunition
A few heavy cannon that had been buried
Several patriot officers hiding in a barn
What did the British soldiers’ extended searching allow the patriots to do?
Sabotage British cannons
Recruit foreign allies
Spread the word and gather militia
Transport their wounded to safety
Why were the British commanders becoming suspicious?
They saw militia surrendering
They feared they were being ambushed
They believed the patriots were out of ammunition
They thought reinforcements were arriving
What advantage helped the American militia inflict heavy casualties?
Better training
Superior weapons
Knowledge of the land and manpower advantage
Their ability to hide in the river
What was Major Buttrick’s order to the militia?
Fire at will
Hold the bridge at all costs
Do not fire unless fired upon
Surrender the town
What were the British trying to do at the bridge?
Blow it up
Fortify it
Cross peacefully
Build a new defensive line
What is the significance of the militia’s stand at the North Bridge?
They surrendered peacefully
The British negotiated a truce
The militia pushed the British back
The British burned Concord town center
During the British retreat, what made their situation worse?
They ran out of ammunition
They were constantly fired upon from concealed positions
Rain made their muskets unusable
Their reinforcements never arrived
How long had the British soldiers been marching before facing the long journey back?
5 hours
10 hours
15 hours
24 hours
What happened to Isaac Davis, the gunsmith and militia leader?
He was captured
He led the charge at Lexington
He deserted
He was killed by a bullet to the heart
What was the impact of the patriots’ pursuit of the British back to Boston?
The British captured militia commanders
A third of British troops were killed or wounded
The British reached Boston safely
The patriots ran out of ammunition
What did the patriots do once the British reached Boston?
Burned the British headquarters
Ceased hostilities
Laid siege to Boston
Accepted a British peace treaty
What did the colonists send after the battles, still hoping for peace?
A declaration of war
An olive branch petition
A request for supplies
A demand for independence
What major issue did Washington still await guidance on?
Surrender terms
Reenlistments
New taxes
Building forts
In King George III’s proclamation, what does he accuse the colonists of doing?
Dumping tea illegally
Treasonously levying war against Britain
Spreading disease
Attacking Canada
According to the king, what is the punishment for those who persist in treason?
Imprisonment
Transportation to the Caribbean
Loss of property
Death by hanging
How does Benjamin Franklin summarize the need for unity?
“Victory is guaranteed.”
“We must all hang together or hang separately.”
“Independence is assured.”
“War is avoidable.”
Why did the townspeople of Machias become angry at a loyalist shipowner?
He refused to sell wood
He wanted supplies in exchange for helping British troops
He destroyed militia weapons
He hid British soldiers in his home
What did the militia do after commandeering a merchant ship?
Burned the ship
Escaped to Nova Scotia
Armed themselves and overtook a British schooner
Hid the ship in the harbor
How did the patriots capture the British schooner?
Poisoned the food supplies
Negotiated a surrender
Rammed the vessel and boarded it
Shot it from shore
What was the purpose of Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense?
To support King George
To call for gradual reform
To persuade Americans to seek independence
To promote a trade agreement
How did Common Sense affect the colonies?
It was ignored
It sold only a few hundred copies
It became the most widely distributed publication of its time
It was banned immediately
What was Sarah’s main complaint about Thomas Paine?
He was a British spy
He had poor table manners
He was too wealthy
He refused to write anything
What did Paine name his pamphlet after Benjamin Rush’s suggestion?
Liberty Now
The Patriot’s Guide
Common Sense
Independence Today
What radical idea did Paine propose?
Loyalty to the king
Colonial representation in Parliament
Total independence from the crown
A shift back to monarchy
How did Dr. Franklin view Paine’s temper?
Temper was admirable
It was irrelevant
It was a problem
It made him more persuasive
How did the public react to Common Sense when shops opened?
People ignored it
People protested it
Shops sold out immediately
Only farmers bought it
What did the printer Moses decide once demand skyrocketed?
Stop printing it
Sell it only to soldiers
Print 2,000 more copies
Raise the price
Why did some people consider Common Sense dangerous?
It praised King George
It promoted violence and chaos
It challenged traditional authority and said common people could rule
How did General Washington respond to Common Sense?
He banned it
He ignored it
He ordered copies distributed throughout the army
He sent it back to Paine with corrections
What did Paine argue America had the power to do?
Negotiate a new monarchy
Begin the world anew
Rejoin Britain peacefully
Become a European colony
According to Paine, whose cause is tied to America’s?
Only England’s
Only France’s
All mankind’s
Only wealthy nations
What effect did Common Sense ultimately have?
Minimal impact
Encouraged loyalty to Britain
Helped ignite the American Revolution
Caused the colonies to surrender
Why was Jefferson’s original passage blaming the king for slavery removed from the Declaration?
It was considered too long
South Carolina and Georgia refused to accept it
What are the three main parts of the Declaration of Independence?
Introduction, Articles, Conclusion
Petition, Demands, Signatures
Preamble, List of Grievances, Declaration of Independence
Rights, Complaints, Biography of the King
What Enlightenment idea influenced the Declaration most strongly?
Checks and balances
Consent of the governed
Judicial review
Social hierarchy
What did the Declaration of Independence directly accomplish?
It ended the Revolutionary War
It created the U.S. Constitution
It formally declared the colonies independent from Britain
It guaranteed freedom for enslaved people
Who signed his name so large the king “wouldn’t need his spectacles”?
Thomas Jefferson
John Hancock
John Adams
Roger Sherman
Why were some colonists—especially in the South—reluctant to support independence?
They feared losing access to French trade
They relied on British markets for cash-crop exports
They did not understand the document
They opposed written constitutions
What did Benjamin Franklin famously say to emphasize unity?
“Together we stand, divided we fall.”
“We must all hang together or we shall all hang separately.”
“Join or die.”
“Let us not disagree in times of war.”
According to the Declaration, from where do governments derive their “just powers”?
The king
The military
Parliament
The consent of the governed
Which grievance is specifically mentioned in the Declaration?
The king banned colonial newspapers
Imposing taxes without consent
Banning freedom of religion
Forcing colonists to join the navy
What did the Declaration inspire around the world?
New monarchies
An era of revolutions
A rise in trade agreements
A return to feudalism
What are two rights listed in the Declaration and repeated in the transcript?
Prosperity and justice
Life and liberty
Wealth and peace
Democracy and equality
When do Americans celebrate Independence Day?
June 14
August 2
July 4
March 5
Why did Franklin warn Jefferson that Congress would “mangle” the document?
They disliked Jefferson
Many members would want changes to the wording
The document was too short
They planned to replace it with a new draft
What phrase did Franklin prefer instead of?
Eternal and universal
Holy and unshakable
Self-evident
Plain and obvious
What was Jefferson doing for two weeks before writing the Declaration?
Interviewing other delegates
Traveling across the colonies
Studying, taking notes, and thinking about the future
Meeting with British officials
What issue did Franklin say Congress would not “countenance” being attacked in the document?
Taxation
Slavery
Land ownership
Trade restrictions
Who told Jefferson that he should be the writer because he could “write ten times better”?
Franklin
John Adams
Hancock
Sherman
What did the founders mutually pledge to each other at the end of the Declaration?
Their estates and reputations
Their papers and offices
Their loyalty to Britain
Their lives, fortunes, and sacred honor
What did the Declaration say about political bonds with Great Britain?
That they should be renegotiated
That they should be temporarily suspended
That they are and ought to be totally dissolved
That Parliament must approve changes
What event marked the beginning of open war between the colonists and Britain?
The signing of the Declaration
Lexington and Concord (April 1775)
The Boston Tea Party
The First Continental Congress
