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WorksheetsNephrology Quiz
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 8mins
A 34-year-old diabetic patient is admitted with febrile illness and a creatinine level of 5 mg/dL. His urine analysis shows 4+ proteinuria, with occasional red blood cells, and a urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR) of 8 grams. The next day, his creatinine rises to 6.5 mg/dL. Based on this presentation, which of the following is most likely?
The patient has a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) component.
The patient has rapidly progressive renal failure (RPRF).
The patient has both RPGN and RPRF.
None of the above.
What is the role of Lasix (furosemide) in the management of acute kidney injury (AKI)?
If the patient has developed fluid overload or pulmonary edema.
If the patient's urine output is oliguric to improve urine output.
For the prevention of AKI.
For all of the above.
In clinical medicine, what is considered most important for safe patient care?
Knowing what we don't know.
Trying to know what we don't know.
Recognizing that there are things we do not know
All of the above.
A 45-year-old male patient is admitted with a 3-day history of fever, severe cough, and pleuritic chest pain. On examination, right lower zone (RLZ) bronchial breathing (BB) and crepitations are noted. A chest X-ray shows RLZ consolidation. He is started on IV Augmentin and clarithromycin. What is the appropriate term for this antibiotic treatment?
Appropriate Antibiotic
Empirical Antibiotic
Rationalized Antibiotic
All of the above
When referring a patient to cardiology, we usually have at least an ECG and Troponin I, and for respiratory referrals, a CXR. Likewise, when referring a patient to a nephrologist or the renal team, what are the basic requirements that should be fulfilled?
Urine full report
Ultrasound scan
You do not need anything
A minimum of both these investigations
When working in a resource-limited healthcare setting, what strategy helps reduce unnecessary workload while improving the efficiency of patient care?
Early identification of patients with very poor prognosis and considering a conservative / non-escalation care pathway
Continue aggressive treatment for all patients regardless of prognosis
Focus only on improving resources before making management decisions
Ignore prognosis when deciding treatment
A middle-aged gentleman is admitted with severe septic shock. He is on inotropic support, but his blood pressure remains low at 70/50 mmHg. His creatinine is 12 mg/dL, he is anuric, his potassium is 4.5 mmol/L, and he has severe lactic acidosis. What would be your next appropriate course of action?
Ensure that his mean arterial blood pressure is optimized to perfuse the kidneys
Contact the renal team for urgent dialysis
Administer more fluids
Consider other supportive measures
A CKD stage 5 patient comes for a routine clinic visit. He is peripherally edematous and on Lasix 80 mg twice daily. His oxygen saturation on air is 100%, and he does not exhibit dyspnea. What clinical features would you expect in this patient when assessing for volume overload?
Right heart failure features
Left heart failure features
Both
None of the above
How can auscultation of lung signs help differentiate between right and left heart failure?
Presence of crackles in the lungs suggests left heart failure, while clear lung fields or reduced air entry are typical of right heart failure.
Wheezing is a key feature of right heart failure, while crackles indicate left heart failure.
Both right and left heart failure present with identical lung sounds.
Auscultation of lung signs does not help differentiate between right and left heart failure.
What is most important when caring for a patient, especially at the end of life?
The way of their living
The way of their dying
Both of the above
None of the above
What is the commonest cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD)?
Hypertension
Glomerulonephritis
Diabetic nephropathy
Polycystic kidney disease
What is the commonest cause of proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome in adults?
Minimal change disease
Diabetic nephropathy
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Membranous nephropathy
Metformin is nephrotoxic. True or False?
True
False
A patient with septic shock from community-acquired pneumonia has BP 95/60. Which medication should be withheld temporarily according to the sick day rule?
Paracetamol
calcium carbonate
Amoxicillin
Empagliflozin
If hemodialysis is not started in time when indicated, the underlying kidney abnormality will worsen. True or False?
True
false
