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Ocean temperature salinity density and others

Total questions: 85

Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the temperature, salinity, and density like at the surface zone of the ocean (top) as compared to the deep zone (bottom) of the ocean?

a)

colder temperature, more salinity, and more dense

b)

colder temperature, more salinity, and less dense

c)

warmer temperature, less salinity, and less dense

d)

Warmer temperature, less salinity, and more dense

2.

Which of the following statements are true? (Select ALL that apply)

a)

Saltwater is more dense that freshwater

b)

Freshwater is more dense than saltwater

c)

Freshwater layers below freshwater because water (H20) has more mass than salt (NaCl)

d)

Saltwater layers below freshwater because the salt molecule (NaCl) has more mass than the water molecule (H20)

3.
What happens to pressure as you go deeper into the ocean? 
a)
increases
b)
decreases
c)
stays the same
d)
doubles
4.
What happens when you increase the temperature of ocean water?
a)
the density increases
b)
the density decreases
c)
the water sinks
d)
the salinity increases
5.
What happens when you increase the salinity of ocean water?
a)
the temperature increases
b)
the salt amount decreases
c)
the density increases
d)
the density decreases
6.
In addition to salinity, what factor affects the density of seawater?
a)
depth
b)
latitude
c)
temperature
d)

money

7.
Where is most of the freshwater found on Earth?
a)
lakes
b)
glaciers
c)
oceans
d)
rivers
8.
What is the scientific name for salt? 
a)
Sodium Acetate 
b)
Sodium Chloride 
c)
Chloride sodium 
d)
Hydroxide sulfate 
9.
As we go deeper into the ocean, salinity ___________. 
a)
Doubles
b)
Decreases 
c)
Increases
d)
Remains the same 
10.
 As the temperature of ocean water changes from 10 to 30 degrees C, how does the density change?
a)
The water becomes more dense
b)
The water becomes less dense
c)
 The density does not change 
d)
 It is impossible to predict
11.
 The density of ocean water is influenced by what two factors?
a)
 Salinity and temperature
b)
Water color and chlorophyll
c)
 Dissolved gases and dissolved solids
d)
 Dissolved carbon and trace elements
12.
 What is true about the water on the bottom of the ocean?
a)
 It is the saltiest water found in the ocean
b)
It is the densest water found in the ocean
c)
 It is not frozen because sunlight warms it up
d)
 It does not move
13.

Warmer water will remain ______ because ________

a)

at the surface; lower density than cool water

b)

at the surface; higher density than cool water

c)

deep; lower density than cool water

d)

deep; higher density than cool water

14.
What process brings the deep cold ocean currents up to the surface?
a)
Conduction
b)
Global Wind Patterns
c)
Convection Currents
d)
Temperature and salinity
15.
Why are surface currents at the surface of the ocean?
a)
colder temperature
b)
colder temperature & more salinty
c)
warmer temperature & less salinty
d)
less salinty
16.

Which physical property of ocean water is determined by the salinity and temperature of ocean water?

a)

mass

b)

density

c)

volume

d)

light

17.

Deep ocean trenches are created by subduction. ______________and_____________ are (greater)higher here than at the surface of the ocean.

a)

density, pressure

b)

temperature, pressure

c)

density, temperature

d)

temperature, light

18.

As you descend to the ocean floor towards the abyssal plain what happens to the temperature, density and light?

a)

Temperature decreases,

density increases and light decreases

b)

Temperature increases, density increases and light decreases

c)

They all decrease

d)

They all increase

19.

Which statement best describes how density is affected by salinity?

a)

As the salinity of the water decreases, the density increases.

b)

As the salinity of the water increases, the density increases

c)

As the salinity of the water decreases, there is no change in density.

d)

There is no relationship between salinity and density

20.

Refer to the diagram above. Which of the following questions can best be answered by the data presented in the graph above?

a)

Is there a direct relationship between the density and salinity of ocean water?

b)

Is there an indirect relationship between the density and salinity of ocean water?

c)

Does the density of ocean water increase over time?

d)

Does the salinity of ocean water increase over time?

21.

How do great rivers, such as the Nile, the Amazon and the Mississippi affect the salinity of the oceans they flow into?

a)

The rivers increase the salinity of the oceans because they remove fresh water.

b)

The rivers decrease the salinity of the oceans because they remove freshwater.

c)

The rivers increase the salinity of the oceans because they add freshwater.

d)

The rivers decrease the salinity of the oceans because they add freshwater.

22.

When water evaporates from the ocean, what happens to the salt in the water?

a)

The salt does not evaporate and is left behind.

b)

The salt evaporates with the water and becomes a gas in the air.

c)

The salt freezes into solid crystals

d)

The salt condenses and sinks deeper into the ocean

23.

What is the average salinity of the world's oceans?

a)

35%

b)

97%

c)

3.5%

d)

71%

24.

Which physical property of ocean water is determined by the salinity and temperature of ocean water?

a)

mass

b)

density

c)

volume

d)

light

25.
Which process does NOT lead to a decrease in the salinity of water?
a)
runoff from land
b)
precipitation
c)
sea ice melting
d)
evaporation
26.
What is density?
a)
mass-per-unit volume
b)
mass-per-unit area
c)
weight-per-unit mass
d)
weight-per-unit volume
27.

The densest water has

a)

warm temperature, high salinity

b)

warm temperature, low salinity

c)

cold temperature, low salinity

d)

cold temperature, high salinity

28.

How does ocean salinity affect marine life?

a)

Increases oxygen levels

b)

Regulates buoyancy

c)

Decreases water temperature

d)

Enhances photosynthesis

29.

Which ocean has the highest average salinity?

a)

Atlantic Ocean

b)

Pacific Ocean

c)

Indian Ocean

d)

Arctic Ocean

30.

How does salinity influence ocean currents?

a)

Increases current speed

b)

Decreases water density

c)

Affects water temperature

d)

Drives thermohaline circulation

31.

The temperature in the oceans varies from

a)

−2° to 29°-2\degree\ to\ 29\degree  

b)

−29° to 2°-29\degree\ to\ 2\degree  

c)

2° to 29°2\degree\ to\ 29\degree  

d)

−2° to −29°-2\degree\ to\ -29\degree  

32.
Which term refers to a rapid change of temperature with increasing depth of the ocean?
a)
pycnocline
b)
thermocline
c)
abyssalocline
d)
isothermal cline
33.
In addition to salinity, what factor affects the density of seawater?
a)
depth
b)
latitude
c)
temperature
d)
salt content
34.
Which process increases the salinity of water?
a)
runoff from land
b)
formation of sea ice
c)
precipitation
d)
melting of sea ice
35.
The high salinity of the Mediterranean Sea is due primarily to —
a)
Precipitation
b)
Deposition
c)
Volcanoes
d)
Evaporation
36.

Zone of rapid salinity increase with depth

a)

Halocline

b)

Pycnocline

c)

Thermocline

37.

The salinity of water along a depth profile was measured. Which of the following salinity results would most likely be found at the deepest point of the profile.

a)

15ppt

b)

38ppt

c)

20ppt

d)

26ppt

38.

The Challenger Deep, the deepest part of the ocean, is _______ feet deep.

a)

29,000

b)

36,000

c)

1,000

d)

100

39.

The following are the oceans according to size

a)

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, Antarctic

b)

Pacific, Indian, Atlantic, Arctic, Antarctic

c)

Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Antarctic, Arctic

d)

Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Antarctic, Arctic

40.

Underwater volcanoes with flat tops are known as

a)

shelf

b)

abyss

c)

guyots

d)

slope

41.

Which current out of the following flows in the Indian Ocean?

a)

East Australian Current

b)

Peru current

c)

South Polar current

d)

Somali current

42.

Which part of the ocean floor is most useful to the man?

a)

Continental shelf

b)

Continental slope

c)

Abyssal plains

d)

Marine deeps

43.

In which ocean does the Labrador Current flow?

a)

Pacific

b)

South Atlantic

c)

North Atlantic

d)

Indian

44.

The ________ are geologically the most active areas of the ocean bed in the world

a)

Continental shelf and Continental Slope

b)

Continental Slope

c)

mid-oceanic submerged hills and marine trenches

d)

Abyssal plain and mid-oceanic submerged hills

45.

Explain the chemical composition of ocean water.

a)

Hydrogen peroxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen gas

b)

Aluminum sulfate, copper chloride, and zinc oxide

c)

Calcium carbonate, potassium nitrate, and iron oxide

d)

Sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, and sulfate ions

46.

How do ocean currents affect the climate?

a)

By creating more rainfall in desert areas

b)

By increasing the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere

c)

By causing earthquakes and tsunamis

d)

By redistributing heat around the Earth

47.

What is the impact of human activities on the ocean environment?

a)

Negative impacts such as pollution, overfishing, and climate change

b)

Negative impacts such as reduced pollution, sustainable fishing, and stable climate

c)

Positive impacts such as increased biodiversity and improved water quality

d)

No impact at all, human activities have no effect on the ocean environment

48.

Discuss the role of ocean water in the carbon cycle.

a)

Ocean water absorbs and stores oxygen from the atmosphere

b)

Ocean water has no role in the carbon cycle

c)

Ocean water releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

d)

Ocean water absorbs and stores carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

49.

Explain the concept of upwelling and its significance in ocean ecosystems.

a)

Upwelling is the process of warm, nutrient-poor water sinking to the ocean floor, causing a decrease in nutrients for ocean ecosystems.

b)

Upwelling is the process in which cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean rises to the surface, bringing essential nutrients to support ocean ecosystems.

c)

Upwelling is the process of water moving horizontally along the ocean surface, without any impact on the nutrient levels in the water.

d)

Upwelling has no significance in ocean ecosystems and does not affect the nutrient levels in the water.

50.

How do pollutants affect ocean water quality?

a)

Pollutants have no impact on ocean water quality

b)

Pollutants can degrade ocean water quality by introducing harmful chemicals, toxins, and waste.

c)

Pollutants improve ocean water quality by adding nutrients

d)

Pollutants have a neutral effect on ocean water quality

51.

Discuss the importance of ocean currents in the distribution of heat around the globe.

a)

Ocean currents help in distributing heat around the globe.

b)

The temperature of the ocean has no effect on global heat distribution

c)

Heat distribution is solely dependent on air currents

d)

Ocean currents have no impact on the distribution of heat

52.

What are the measures that can be taken to protect the ocean environment from human impact?

a)

Increasing plastic pollution, promoting overfishing, creating marine unprotected areas, and encouraging unsustainable tourism

b)

Reducing plastic pollution, controlling overfishing, creating marine protected areas, and promoting sustainable tourism

53.

The average seasonal temperatures of surface Water of the oceans have been represented through:

a)

Isobath

b)

Isohyets

c)

Isotherms

d)

Isobar

54.

Which of the following layers of the Ocean characterized by Rapid rate of Decrease of Temperature with increasing depth?

a)

Top layer

b)

Thermocline layer

c)

The third layer

d)

The bottom layer

55.

Assertion [A]: There is no fixed direction of rotation of the ocean currents in the northern part of the Indian Ocean. Reason [R]: The seasonal winds change direction every season.

a)

Both A and R are true. R is the correct explanation for A.

b)

Both A and R are true. R is the incorrect explanation for A.

c)

A is true, but R is false.

d)

Both A and R are false.

56.

Which of the following names of the positions moon, sun, and earth are correctly matched? 1) Perihelion- When the earth is closest to the sun 2) Perihelion- when the moon’s orbit is closest to the earth 3) Aphelion- It happens on 4th July 4) Apogee- When the earth is Farthest from the sun Which of the above statements is true?

a)

1, 3 and 4

b)

2 & 3

c)

1 & 3

d)

1, 2, 3 & 4

57.

Which of the following shows the speed of water caused by climatic effects?

a)

Ebbs

b)

Drift

c)

Gyres

d)

Surges

58.

The highest and lowest point of a wave are called--------------and ---------

a)

Ebb and Surge

b)

Crest and Trough

c)

Trough and Crest

d)

Surge and Ebb

59.

Which seaweed can withstand the least amount of light and can grow the deepest?

a)

red

b)

brown

c)

green

d)

blue

60.

Which Surface current does not surround the Sargasso Sea

a)

Gulf Stream

b)

South Equatorial Current

c)

Canary Current

d)

North Atlantic Current

61.

Why is the Sargasso sea unlike any others

a)

A sea with no boundaries

b)

It is warm

c)

It has endemic organisms

d)

It is calm blue waters

62.

The Sargasso Sea earned its name by

a)

the endemic organisms that live there

b)

the name of the genus,Sargassum, which floats there

c)

The Spanish Sailors that navigated the seas

d)

The calm winds in the area

63.

American eels live in the Sargasso sea

a)

true

b)

False

64.
This is a measurement of ocean depth and seafloor topography
a)
bathymetry
b)
multi-beam sonar
c)
precision-depth recorder (PDR)
d)
seismic reflection profile
65.
This is a method of mapping the topography of the ocean floor along a strip up to 60 km wide
a)
bathymetry
b)
multi-beam sonar
c)
precision-depth recorder (PDR)
d)
seismic reflection profile
66.
This is a generally flat zone extending from the shore to the shelf break
a)
ocean trench
b)
continental margin
c)
continental shelf
d)
abyssal plain
67.
The correct order of seafloor features from the coast to the mid-ocean ridge is ________.
a)
abyssal plain, rise, slope, shelf
b)
abyssal plain, shelf, slope, rise
c)
rise, abyssal plain, slope, shelf
d)
shelf, slope, rise, abyssal plain
68.
Which of the following is the standard unit of ocean depth
a)
Mile
b)
Fathom
c)
Foot
d)
Meter
69.
The California Current (west coast) carries _________ water from canada
a)
Cold 
b)
Warm
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
70.
Due to the Coriolis Effect, water in the northern hemisphere moves
a)
clockwise
b)
counter clockwise
c)
both
d)
neither
71.
A tsunami is an unusually large wave caused by
a)
an earthquake or volcano
b)
increased gravitational pulls when the sun and moon line up
c)
a heat wave
d)
extreme winds   
72.

Depth of 4000 - 6000 meters.

a)

epipelagic

zone

b)

abyssopelagic

zone

c)

mesopelagic

zone

d)

bathypelagic

zone

73.

Found only in trenches.

a)

epipelagic

zone

b)

abyssopelagic

zone

c)

hadopelagic

zone

d)

mesopelagic

zone

74.

Typical creatures found in this zone include

most fish and coral.

a)

epipelagic

zone

b)

hadopelagic

zone

c)

bathypelagic

zone

d)

abyssopelagic

zone

75.

The Midnight Zone

a)

hadopelagic

zone

b)

bathypelagic

zone

c)

mesopelagic

zone

d)

abyssopelagic

zone

76.

The Sunlight Zone

a)

Epipelagic

Zone

b)

Mesopelagic

Zone

c)

bathypelagic

zone

d)

hadopelagic

zone

77.

Giant squid and sperm whales frequent this zone.

a)

bathypelagic

zone

b)

mesopelagic

zone

c)

abyssopelagic

zone

d)

epipelagic

zone

78.

Depths of more than 6000 meters

a)

bathypelagic

zone

b)

mesopelagic

zone

c)

hadopelagic

zone

d)

abyssopelagic

zone

79.

"Bottomless" zone

a)

hadopelagic

zone

b)

abyssopelagic

zone

c)

bathypelagic

zone

d)

mesopelagic

zone

80.

The Sunlight Zone

a)

bathypelagic

zone

b)

mesopelagic

zone

c)

epipelagic

zone

d)

hadopelagic

zone

81.

Depths of 200 - 1000 meters

a)

hadopelagic

zone

b)

abyssopelagic

zone

c)

bathypelagic

zone

d)

mesopelagic

zone

82.

surface layer

a)

epipelagic

zone

b)

bathypelagic

zone

c)

mesopelagic

zone

d)

abyssopelagic

zone

83.

deepest layer

a)

bathypelagic

zone

b)

hadopelagic

zone

c)

mesopelagic

zone

d)

abyssopelagic

zone

84.

found between high and low tide

a)

oceanic

zone

b)

benthic

zone

c)

intertidal

zone

d)

neritic

zone

85.

found over the continental shelf

a)

benthic

zone

b)

oceanic

zone

c)

neritic

zone

d)

intertidal

zone

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