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Worksheets

IGCSE Physics 1,2,3,5,6

Total questions: 199

Worksheet time: 4hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

2.

A tunnel has a length of 50 km. A car takes 20 min to travel between the two ends of the tunnel. What is the average speed of the car?

a)

2.5 km / h

b)

16.6 km / h

c)

150 km / h

d)

1000 km / h

3.
a)

pole 1 and pole 2.

b)

pole 2 and pole 3.

c)

pole 3 and pole 4.

d)

pole 4 and pole 5.

4.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

5.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

6.

A small steel ball is dropped from a low balcony. Ignoring air resistance, which statement describes its motion?

a)

It falls with decreasing acceleration.

b)

It falls with constant acceleration.

c)

It falls with decreasing speed.

d)

It falls with constant speed.

7.

Which speed/ time graph applies to an object at rest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

8.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

9.
a)

10 m

b)

20 m

c)

100 m

d)

200 m

10.
a)

150 m

b)

300 m

c)

600 m

d)

1200 m

11.
a)

4.0 s

b)

6.0 s

c)

10 s

d)

16 s

12.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

13.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

14.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

15.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

16.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

17.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

18.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

19.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

20.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

21.

Which force acts on an object when it is placed on a flat surface?

a)

a) Frictional force

b)

b) Tension force

c)

c) Gravitational force

d)

d) Electrostatic force

22.

What happens to the spring constant when the spring is stretched?

a)

a) The spring constant remains the same

b)

b) The spring constant increases

c)

c) The spring constant decreases

d)

d) The spring constant becomes zero

23.

What is the limit of proportionality?

a)

a) The maximum force that a spring can withstand without breaking

b)

b) The point at which the spring stops obeying Hooke's law

c)

c) The point at which the spring constant changes

d)

d) The point at which the spring reaches its maximum length

24.

What is the SI unit of pressure?

a)

a) Newton

b)

b) Pascal

c)

c) Joule

d)

d) Watt

25.

A force of 20 N is applied to an object with an area of 2 m2. What is the pressure exerted on the object?

a)

a) 10 Pa

b)

b) 20 Pa

c)

c) 40 Pa

d)

d) 60 Pa

26.

When a force of 10 N is applied to an object, the object moves with a constant velocity. What can you say about the forces acting on the object?

a)

a) There is no net force acting on the object

b)

b) The object is accelerating

c)

c) The force is unbalanced

d)

d) The object is moving in a circular path

27.

A spring has a spring constant of 5 N/m. What is the extension of the spring when a force of 20 N is applied to it?

a)

a) 4 m

b)

b) 5 m

c)

c) 10 m

d)

d) 25 m

28.

Which of the following is not an application of pressure in everyday life?

a)

a) Using a nail to hang a picture on a wall

b)

b) Using a pen to write on paper

c)

c) Using a knife to cut vegetables

d)

d) Using a syringe to inject medicine

29.

What is the pressure exerted by a force of 50 N on an area of 5 m2?

a)

a) 10 Pa

b)

b) 25 Pa

c)

c) 50 Pa

d)

d) 250 Pa

30.

A spring has a spring constant of 100 N/m. What is the extension of the spring when a force of 20 N is applied to it?

a)

a) 0.2 m

b)

b) 0.5 m

c)

c) 2 m

d)

d) 5 m

31.

Which of the following is not an example of a fluid?

a)

a) Water

b)

b) Air

c)

c) Glass

d)

d) Oil

32.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the stretching of a spring?

a)

a) The spring constant decreases as the spring is stretched

b)

b) The spring constant increases as the spring is stretched

c)

c) The spring constant remains constant as the spring is stretched

d)

d) The spring constant depends on the direction of the force applied to the spring

33.

Which of the following is the formula for calculating pressure due to a fluid?

a)

a) Pressure = density × gravity × depth

b)

b) Pressure = density × volume × gravity

c)

c) Pressure = force ÷ area

d)

d) Pressure = mass ÷ volume

34.

Which of the following is true regarding the pressure at the bottom of a container filled with a liquid?

a)

a) The pressure is equal to the pressure at the top of the container

b)

b) The pressure is equal to the weight and depth of the liquid

c)

c) The pressure is equal to the weight of the container

d)

d) The pressure is equal to the sum of the weight of the liquid and the weight of the container

35.

Which of the following is the formula for calculating the weight of a fluid?

a)

a) Weight = density × volume × gravity

b)

b) Weight = mass × gravity

c)

c) Weight = force ÷ area

d)

d) Weight = pressure ÷ area

36.

Which of the following is true regarding the weight of an object submerged in a fluid?

a)

a) The weight of the object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object

b)

b) The weight of the object is equal to the buoyant force acting on the object

c)

c) The weight of the object is equal to the difference between the weight of the fluid displaced by the object and the weight of the object

d)

d) The weight of the object is independent of the density of the fluid

37.

A diver is at a depth of 20 meters in seawater, which has a density of 1025 kg/m³. What is the pressure the diver experiences due to the seawater?

a)

a) 196,000 Pa

b)

b) 205,000 Pa

c)

c) 215,000 Pa

d)

d) 225,000 Pa

38.

In a hydraulic system, which of the following is true regarding the pressure exerted on the larger piston compared to the pressure exerted on the smaller piston?

a)

a) The pressure is greater on the larger piston

b)

b) The pressure is greater on the smaller piston

c)

c) The pressure is equal on both pistons

d)

d) It depends on the force applied to each piston

39.

In a hydraulic system, if the area of the smaller piston is 5 cm² and the area of the larger piston is 20 cm², what force is required to apply a pressure of 2.5 Pa to the larger piston?

a)

a) 50 N

b)

b) 100 N

c)

c) 200 N

d)

d) 500 N

40.

Which of the following is true regarding Pascal's law?

a)

a) It states that pressure is directly proportional to volume

b)

b) It states that pressure is inversely proportional to volume

c)

c) It states that pressure is transmitted equally in all directions in a fluid

d)

d) It states that pressure is transmitted more efficiently in a gas than in a liquid

41.
The momentum of an object depends upon the object's ___________&_____________.  
a)
size and shape
b)
mass and speed
c)
mass and veloctiy
d)
mass and energy
42.
The equation to calculate momentum is
a)
p=mv
b)
p=1/2mv2
c)
p=mgh
d)
p=mg
43.
Which has more momentum: a car stopped at a red light or a bike moving at 15 mph?
a)
car
b)
bike
c)
they are equal
d)
cannot determine using the info provided
44.
Determine the momentum of 1000-kg car moving southward at 20 m/s......... 
a)
20000 N
b)
20000 Joules
c)
20000 Kg * m/s south
d)
10000 kg * m/s south
45.
A 2.5 kg ball moving at 5 m/s collides with a 2.5 kg stationary ball in a perfectly elastic collision.  What is the velocity of the second ball after the collision? 
a)
5 m/s
b)
2.5 m/s
c)
10 m/s
d)
7.5 m/s
46.
Momentum is a ____________________ quantity
a)
science
b)
scalar
c)
vector
d)
energy
47.
A boy kicks a football with a force of 20 N, the time the force acts for is 0.3 s.
Calculate the impulse on the ball.
a)
1 N*s
b)
6 N*s
c)
33.3 N*s 
d)
None of these
48.
The impulse is ______ the change in momentum
a)
Greater than
b)
Equal to
c)
less than
d)
always double
49.
In any collision (crash) the ______ is ALWAYS constant
a)
Total Momentum
b)
total speed
c)
total Velocity
d)
Energy
50.
Which of the following has the greatest momentum? 
a)
a scurrying cockroach
b)
a parked semi-truck
c)
more information is needed
51.
When the speed of an object is doubled, its momentum
a)
remains unchanged in accord with the conservation of momentum.
b)
doubles
c)
quadruples
d)
decreases
52.
Which object listed below has the greatest momentum?
a)
A 0.05 kg object rolling at 0.2 m/s.
b)
A 0.15 kg object rolling at 2 m/s.
c)
A 0.15 kg object rolling at 1 m/s
d)
A 0.4 kg object rolling at 2 m/s.
53.
Which of the following has the least amount of momentum?
a)
An ant walking along the ground
b)
An ant at rest
c)
An elephant walking
d)
An elephant running
54.
What is the unit for velocity?
a)
m/sec
b)
kg/sec
c)
kg/m
d)
kg m/sec
55.
A 0.250 kg cart moving at 0.400 m/s has how much momentum?
a)
0.1 kg-m/s
b)
1 kg-m/s
c)
10 kg-m/s
d)
100 kg-m/s
56.
An open cart on a level surface is rolling without frictional loss through a vertical downpour of rain. As the cart rolls, an appreciable amount of rainwater accumulates in the cart. The speed of the cart will
a)
increase because of conservation of mechanical energy
b)
decrease because of conservation of momentum
c)
decrease because of conservation of mechanical energy
d)
remain the same because the raindrops are falling perpendicular to the direction of the cart's motion
57.

When a diver swims down from the surface of the water to a depth of 10m, the pressure experienced increases from 100 000 N / m2 to 200 000 N / m2.

Which statement explains this increase in pressure?

a)

The density of the water increases with depth.

b)

The gravitational field strength increases with depth.

c)

The weight of water above the diver increases with depth.

d)

Water cannot be compressed.

58.

Tractors have large tyres. These help to prevent the wheels from sinking into soft ground.

Which statement explains this?

a)

Larger tyres exert a greater force on the ground.

b)

Larger tyres exert a greater pressure on the ground.

c)

Larger tyres exert a smaller force on the ground.

d)

Larger tyres exert a smaller pressure on the ground.

59.

Why is it easier to push a sharp nail, rather than a blunt nail, into a piece of wood?

a)

The sharp nail exerts a larger force on the wood.

b)

The sharp nail exerts a smaller force on the wood.

c)

The sharp nail exerts a larger pressure on the wood.

d)

The sharp nail exerts a smaller pressure on the wood.

60.

Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure exerted by the water and the depth water in the pool?

(Assume the density of water is constant.)

a)

b)

c)

d)

61.

An object is a depth h below the surface of a liquid. The pressure due to the liquid at this depth is ρ. The gravitational field strength is g.


What is the density ρ of the liquid?

a)

ρ = pgh

b)

ρ = pg / h

c)

ρ = ph / g

d)

ρ = p / hg

62.

An object is immersed in a liquid of density ρ. The pressure at this depth due to the liquid is p.

The gravitational field strength is g.

What is the equation for the depth h of the object beneath the surface?

a)

h = pρg

b)

h = ρg / p

c)

h = p / ρg

d)

h = pg / ρ

63.
The diagram represents plane wavefronts of a water wave about to strike a solid barrier. Which diagram shows the position of the wavefronts after reflection at the barrier?
a)
b)
c)
d)
64.
The Moon is 380 000 km from the Earth. A laser light beam is directed from the Earth to the Moon. The beam is reflected back to the Earth. How long does it take for the light to travel to the Moon and back to the Earth?
a)
1.27 ms
b)
2.53 ms
c)
1.27 s
d)
2.53 s
e)
100 s
65.
The diagram shows an image being formed by a converging lens. Which description of the image formed is correct?
a)
enlarged and inverted
b)
enlarged and upright
c)
diminished and inverted
d)
diminished and upright
66.
What causes the change in direction when light travels from air into glass?
a)
The amplitude of the light changes.
b)
The colour of the light changes.
c)
The frequency of the light changes.
d)
The speed of the light changes.
67.
The horn on a ship makes a sound. The captain on the ship hears an echo from a cliff 4.0 s later. The speed of sound is 340 m/s. How far away is the cliff from the ship?
a)
170 m
b)
340 m
c)
680 m
d)
1360 m
e)
56 m
68.
A fire alarm is not loud enough and the pitch is too low. An engineer adjusts the alarm so that it produces a louder note of a higher pitch. What effect does this have on the amplitude and on the frequency of the sound?
a)
A larger F greater
b)
A larger F smaller
c)
A smaller F greater
d)
A smaller F smaller
69.

Waves on the surface of water travel from deep to shallow water. Which diagram shows the correct path of the waves in the shallow water?

a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
70.
Which diagram shows what happens when a ray of white light passes through a prism?
a)

b)

c)

d)

71.
A word is missing from the label below the spectrum. Which word is missing?
a)
Amplitude
b)
Frequency
c)
Speed
d)
Wavelength
72.
What type of waves are sound waves?
a)
Transverse
b)
Longitudinal
c)
Both
d)
Neither
73.
A sheet of ice floats on water. A source of sound S is positioned at the edge of the ice sheet. Four microphones are placed equal distances from S. Which microphone detects the sound from S first?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
74.
The water wave shown has a frequency of 4.0 Hz. What is the speed of the wave?
a)
3.0 cm / s
b)
12 cm / s
c)
48 cm / s
d)
72 cm / s
75.
What is a typical value for the speed of sound?
a)
3.3 m/s
b)
3.3 × 10^2 m/s
c)
3.3 × 10^3 m/s
d)
3.3 × 10^6 m/s
76.

Which change will increase the diffraction of a wave as it passes through a gap?

a)
Increase the amplitude of the wave
b)
Increase the width of the gap
c)
Reduce the depth of water
d)
Reduce the frequency of the wave
77.
Which type of waves are produced by a television remote controller?
a)
infrared waves
b)
radio waves
c)
ultraviolet waves
d)
visible light
e)
heat waves
78.
Through what matter does sound travel fastest in?
a)
Vacuum
b)
Solids
c)
Liquids
d)
Gases
79.
Which statement correctly compares radio waves and X-rays?
a)
Radio waves have a longer wavelength and a greater speed in a vacuum.
b)
Radio waves have a longer wavelength and the same speed in a vacuum.
c)
Radio waves have a shorter wavelength and a greater speed in a vacuum.
d)
Radio waves have a shorter wavelength and the same speed in a vacuum.
80.

What is ultrasound?

a)

sound waves that are so loud that they damage human hearing

b)

sound waves that are too high-pitched for humans to hear

c)

sound waves that are too low-pitched for humans to hear

d)

sound waves that are too quiet for humans to hear

81.

In the diagram, the mountaineer can hear the stream although he cannot see it. When he is closer to the gully, he can both hear and see the stream. When he is further from the gully, he can neither hear nor see the stream.

Which statement is NOT correct?

a)

As he approaches the gully edge, the sound becomes louder.

b)

As he approaches the gully edge, he hears first the short wavelength, higher frequencies and then the long wavelength, lower frequencies.

c)

He hears the stream because some of the sound is diffracted.

d)

He hears the stream because some of the sound is reflected from the opposite wall of the gully.

82.

The diagrams show examples of wave motion. Which waves are longitudinal?

a)

1 only

b)

2 and 3 only

c)

2, 3, and 4

d)

2, and 4 only

83.

The diagram shows compressions and rarefactions in air as a sound wave moves from left to right. A quieter sound of the same frequency is made.

What will happen to the number of particles in a region of rarefaction and in a region of compression?

a)

Rarefaction: Decrease | Compression: Decrease

b)

Rarefaction: Decrease | Compression: Increase

c)

Rarefaction: Increase | Compression: Decrease

d)

Rarefaction: Increase | Compression: Increase

84.

A fire alarm is not loud enough and the pitch is too low. An engineer adjusts the alarm so that it produces a louder note of a higher pitch.

What effect does this have on the amplitude A and on the frequency F of the sound?

a)

A: larger | F: greater

b)

A: larger | F: smaller

c)

A: smaller | F: greater

d)

A: smaller | F: smaller

85.

Two beams of light are both the same colour of red. One beam is travelling through air. The other beam is travelling through water. Each beam has a different brightness.

Which quantity is the same for both sets of waves?

a)

Amplitude

b)

Frequency

c)

Speed

d)

Wavelength

86.

The diagram shows a ray of light in air incident on a glass block. Some of the light is refracted and some of the light is reflected. Two angles, p and q, are marked on the diagram.

Which answer gives the angle of incidence (p or q) and states whether total internal reflection occurs (yes/no)?

a)

p, no

b)

p, yes

c)

q, no

d)

q, yes

87.

The diagram shows a ray of light in glass incident on the surface between the glass and air.

What happens if the angle of incidence is made larger than the critical angle for the glass?

a)

The angle of refraction becomes equal to 90 degrees

b)

There is a refracted ray, and a ray inside the glass.

c)

There is a refracted ray only.

d)

There is only a ray reflected inside the glass.

88.

The diagram shows how a ray of light refracts when going from air to Perspex. The critical angle of Perspex is c. Which expression is correct?

a)

sin x / sin z = sin c

b)

sin z / sin x = sin c

c)

sin w / sin y = sin c

d)

sin y / sin w = sin c

89.

The letter F is reflected in a mirror. What does the optical image look like?

a)

b)

c)

d)

90.

In the diagram, the mountaineer can hear the stream although he cannot see it. When he is closer to the gully, he can both hear and see the stream. When he is further from the gully, he can neither hear nor see the stream.

Which statement is NOT correct?

a)

As he approaches the gully edge, he hears first the short wavelength, higher frequencies and then the long wavelength, lower frequencies.

b)

As he approaches the gully edge, the sound becomes louder.

c)

He hears the stream because some of the sound is diffracted.

d)

He hears the stream because some of the sound is reflected from the opposite wall of the gully.

91.

Which diagram shows what happens when a ray of white light passes through a prism?

a)

b)

c)

d)

92.

Light travels in a vacuum and then enters a glass block. The speed of the light in the glass block is 2.0 x 10^8 m/s.

Which statement about the speed of light is correct?

a)

The speed in a vacuum is 1.5 times the speed in the glass.

b)

The speed in the glass is the same as the speed in a vacuum.

c)

The speed in the glass is 1.5 times the speed in a vacuum.

d)

The speed in the glass is 1.0 x 10^8 times the speed in a vacuum.

93.
A wave source produces 3000 crests every minute. The wave has a speed of 300m/s. What is the wavelength of the wave?
a)
0.10m
b)
0.17m
c)
6.0m
d)
10.0m
94.
An object is placed in front of a converging lens of focal length 15 cm. Which row describes the image of the object?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
95.
The water wave shown has a frequency of 4.0 Hz. What is the speed of the wave?
a)
3.0 cm/s
b)
12 cm/s
c)
48 cm/s
d)
72 cm/s
96.
Which type of waves are produced by a television remote controller
a)
Infrared waves
b)
Radio waves
c)
Ultraviolet waves
d)
Visible light
97.

The speed of light in air is 3.0 x 10^8 m/s. The critical angle for light in a transparent plastic material placed in air is 37°. What is the speed of light in the plastic material?

a)
1.8 x 10^8 m/s
b)
2.4 x 10^8 m/s
c)
3.8 x 10^8 m/s
d)
5.0 x 10^8 m/s
98.

A sound wave travels from air into water. Which row describes what happens to the frequency and the wavelength of the wave?

a)

Frequency: decreases; Wavelength: increases

b)

Frequency: decreases; Wavelength: stays the same

c)

Frequency: stays the same; Wavelength: decreases

d)

Frequency: stays the same; Wavelength: increases

99.

The horn of a ship makes a sound. The captain on the ship hears an echo from a cliff 4.0 s later. When the speed of sound is 340m/s, what's the distance between the cliff and the ship?

a)

170 m

b)

340 m

c)

680 m

d)

1360 m

100.

The diagrams represent water waves in a tank. Which diagram represents a wave that changes speed?

a)

A

b)

C

c)

D

d)

101.

A tank contains water. Ripples are produced on the surface of the water. Refraction is observed. What causes the ripples to refract?

a)

The cold water in the tank is replaced by warm water

b)

The ripples change speed as they move from deep to shallow water

c)

The ripples hit the wall of the tank

d)

The ripples pass through a narrow gap

102.
An eclipse of the Sun happens when the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun. Which statement is correct?
a)

Infrared radiation from the Sun disappears before visible light and ultraviolet radiation.

b)

Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun disappears before visible light and infrared radiation.

c)

Visible light from the Sun disappears before ultraviolet radiation and infrared radiation

d)

Infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation and visible light from the Sun all disappear at the same moment.

103.
A passing boat causes a floating object on a lake to bob up and down 18 times in 12s. The wavelength of the wave created by the boat is 48 cm. What is the velocity of these water waves?
a)
32cm/s
b)
72cm/s
c)
576cm/s
d)
864cm/s
104.
An intruder alarm sensor detects that a person is warmer than his surrounding. Which type of electromagnetic wave does the sensor detects?
a)
infared
b)
radio
c)
ultraviolet
d)
visible light
105.
A dolphin sends out a sound wave. An echo returns 0.010s later from a fish which is 7.5m from the dolphin. What is the speed of the sound wave in water?
a)
0.075m/s
b)
0.15m/s
c)
750m/s
d)
1500m/s
106.
A girl is sitting on a rock in the sea looking at the passing waves. She notices that five complete wavelengths pass her in 20 s. What is the frequency of this wave?
a)
0.25 Hz
b)
4.0 Hz
c)
15 Hz
d)
100 Hz
107.
Which describes what is transferred by a wave?
a)
Energy and Matter
b)
Just energy
c)
Just matter
d)
Neither energy nor matter
108.
Which statement about waves is correct?
a)
Waves do not transfer either energy or matter.
b)
Waves transfer both energy and matter.
c)
Waves transfer energy without transferring matter.
d)
Waves transfer matter without transferring energy.
109.
An electronic engineer makes devices which can receive television pictures from satellites. Which type of electromagnetic radiation must these devices be able to receive?
a)
infra-red waves
b)
microwaves
c)
radio waves
d)
ultra-violet waves
110.
Which group contains only electromagnetic waves?
a)

light waves, radio waves, gamma-rays

b)
light waves, radio waves, sound waves
c)

light waves, sound waves, gamma-rays

d)

radio waves, sound waves, alpha-particles

111.
How do infra-red waves differ from ultraviolet waves?
a)
Infra-red waves are longitudinal.
b)
Infra-red waves have a lower speed in vacuo (in a vacuum).
c)
Infra-red waves have lower frequencies.
d)
Infra-red waves have smaller wavelengths.
112.
An echo-sounder on a ship produces a pulse of sound. The echo is received by the echo-sounder after two seconds. The speed of sound in sea-water is 1500 m/s. What is the depth of the sea-water below the ship?
a)
750m
b)
1500m
c)
3000m
d)
6000m
113.
A wave of frequency 6600 Hz travels 1320 m in 4.0 s. What is the wavelength?
a)
0.050m
b)
0.80m
c)
1.3m
d)
20m
114.
A sound wave travels through air. What name is given to a region in which the air molecules are further apart than normal?
a)
Compression
b)
Contraction
c)
Rarefaction
d)
Vacuum
115.
White light enters a glass prism. The light leaving the other side of the prism is separated into colors
a)

Path taken by the light: diagram 1; Color 1: red; Color 2: violet

b)

Path taken by the light: diagram 1; Color 1: violet; Color 2: red

c)

Path taken by the light: diagram 2; Color 1: red; Color 2: violet

d)

Path taken by the light: diagram 2; Color 1: violet; Color 2: red

116.

Diagram 1 shows the page of a book in front of a plane mirror. An eye is looking at the image of the page. Diagram 2 shows a large G on the page facing the mirror. What is the appearance of the image of G seen by the eye?

a)

b)

c)

d)

117.
Thermal radiation is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum. What is the name of this region of the spectrum?
a)
Gamma ray
b)
Infrared
c)
Ultraviolet
d)
Visible light
118.
Light travels at speed of 2.0 x 10^8 m/s in a glass block. In the glass, the wavelength of the light is 4.0 x 10^-7m. What is the freueny of the light?
a)
2.0 x 10^-15 Hz
b)
1.3 x 10^-2 Hz
c)
80 Hz
d)
5.0 x 10^14 Hz
119.
A laser is a source of light with a single frequency. Which description of this type of light is correct?
a)
Dispersed
b)
Focused
c)
Monochromatic
d)
Refracted
120.
The Moon is 380,000 km from the Earth. A laser light beam is directed from the Earth to the Moon. The beam is reflected back to the Earth. How long does it take for the light to travel to the Moon and back to the Earth?
a)
1.27 ms
b)
2.53 ms
c)
1.27 s
d)
2.53 s
121.
Which range of wave frequencies includes only sounds that can be heard by humans with normal hearing?
a)
3.0 Hz to 300 Hz
b)
30 Hz to 3000 Hz
c)
300 Hz to 30 000Hz
d)
3000 Hz to 300 000 Hz
122.
Which statement is correct?
a)

A remote controller emits microwave radiation adiation

b)
A remote controller emits infrared radiation
c)
A remote controller emits ultrasound
d)
A remote controller emits ultraviolet radiation
123.
Which diagram shows the dispersion of white light by a prism
a)

b)

c)

d)

124.
What is monochromatic light?
a)
A light of a single amplitude
b)
Light of single frequency
c)
Light of more than one color
d)
Light which travels with constant velocity
125.
Why are some radioactive sources stored in boxes made from lead?
a)

Lead absorbs emissions from the radioactive sources

b)
lead decreases the half-life of radioactive sources
c)
lead increases the half life of radioactive sources
d)
lead repels emmisions from the radioactive sources
126.

Which statement about evaporation is correct?

a)

evaporation causes the temperature of the remaining liquid to decrease

b)

evaporation does not occur from a cold liquid near its freezing point

c)

evaporation does not occur from a dense liquid, such as mercury

d)

evaporation occurs from all parts of a liquid

127.

Gas is stored in a sealed container of constant volume. The temperature of the gas increases. This causes the pressure of the gas to increase. What happens to the gas molecules during this pressure increase?

a)

The average kinetic energy of the molecules increases

b)

The average separation of the molecules decreases

c)

The average separation of the molecules increases

d)

The volume of each molecule increases

128.

Which causes the random, zig-zag movement (Brownian motion) of smoke particles suspended in air?

a)

air molecules colliding with smoke particles

b)

convection currents as the hot smoke rises

c)

smoke particles colliding with each other

d)

smoke particles reacting with oxygen molecules in the air

129.

A sealed gas cylinder is left outside on a hot, sunny day. What happens to the average speed of the gas molecules and to the pressure of the gas in the cylinder as the temperature of the gas rises?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

130.

A swimmer feels cold after leaving warm water on a warm, windy day. Why does she feel cold even though the air is warm?

a)

the less energetic water molecules on her skin escape quickly

b)

the more energetic water molecules on her skin do not escape quickly

c)

the water on her skin does not evaporate quickly enough to keep her warm

d)

the water on her skin evaporates quickly and cools her skin

131.

A car tyre has a constant volume. Why does the pressure of the air in the tyre increase when its temperature increases?

a)

the air molecules hit each other less often

b)

the air molecules hit the inside of the tyre less often

c)

the average speed of the air molecules in the tyre is greater

d)

there are more air molecules in the tyre

132.

A student places his thumb firmly on the outlet of a bicycle pump, to stop the air from coming out. What happens to the pressure and what happens to the volume of the trapped air as the pump handle is pushed in?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

133.

Some gas is trapped in a container of fixed volume. The temperature of the gas increases. Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes with temperature?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

134.

The volume of a gas in a sealed syringe is increased. The temperature of the gas does not change. After this change is made, what has happened to the gas molecules in the syringe?

a)

they move more quickly

b)

they move more slowly

c)

they hit the syringe walls less often

d)

the hit the syringe walls more often

135.

The pressure of a fixed mass of a cylinder is measured. The volume of the gas in the cylinder is then slowly decreased. The temperature of the gas does not change. Which graph could show the change of pressure of the gas during this process?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

136.

A student suggests some uses for containers made from good thermal conductors and for containers made from poor thermal conductors? In which row are both suggested uses correct?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

137.

Two plastic cups are placed one inside the other. A small spacer keeps the two cups separated. Hot water is poured into the inner cup and a lid is put on top, as shown. Which statement is correct?

a)

The bench is heated by convection from the bottom of the outer cup

b)

The lid reduces the energy lost by convection

c)

There is no thermal conduction through the sides of either cup

d)

Thermal radiation is prevented by the small air gap

138.

A solid is heated from room temperature. The graph shows how its temperature changes with time as it is heated constantly. At which time has it just become completely liquid?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

139.

The diagram shows a vacuum flask used to keep liquid hot. How does thermal energy pass through the vacuum?

a)

conduction only

b)

convection only

c)

radiation only

d)

conduction and convection

140.

The diagram shows a block of ice placed in a warm room. At which point is the temperature the lowest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

141.

The air in a room is heated by a heater. The diagram shows the circulation of the air in the room. Which statement about the air that is heated is correct?

a)

The air contracts and become less dense

b)

The air contracts and becomes more dense

c)

The air expands and becomes less dense

d)

The air expands and becomes more dense

142.

In a refrigerator, the cooling unit can be fitted either at the top or at the bottom. In an oven, the heater can be fitted either at the top or at the bottom. Which row shows the best position for the cooling unit and the best position for the heater?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

143.

Ice is trapped by a metal gauze at the bottom of a tube containing water. The water is heated strongly at the top, but the ice only melts very slowly. Why does the ice melt so slowly?

a)

heat energy always travels upwards

b)

hot water is more dense than cold water

c)

metal gauze does not allow heat to pass through

d)

water is a poor conductor of heat

144.

One type of double glazing consists of two panes of glass separated by a vacuum. Which method or methods of energy transfer are prevented by the vacuum?

a)

conduction and convection

b)

conduction and radiation

c)

convection and radiation

d)

radiation only

145.

A substance loses thermal energy (heat) to the surroundings at a steady rate. The graph shows how the temperature of the substance changes with time. What could the portion PQ of the graph represent?

a)

gas condensing

b)

gas cooling

c)

liquid cooling

d)

liquid solidifying

146.

Which row shows the surface that is the better absorber and the surface that is the better emitter of infra-red radiation?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

147.

One end of a copper rod is heated. What is one method by which thermal energy is transferred in the copper rod?

a)

free electrons transfer energy from the cooler end to the hotter end

b)

free electrons transfer energy from the hotter end to the cooler end

c)

molecules of copper move from the cooler end to the hotter end

d)

molecules of copper move from the hotter end to the cooler end

148.

The same quantity of thermal energy is supplied to two solid objects A and Y. The temperature increase of object X is greater than the temperature increase of object Y. Which statement explains this?

a)

X has a lower melting point than Y

b)

X has a lower density than Y

c)

X has a lower thermal capacity than Y

d)

X is a better thermal conductor than Y

149.

Which quantity gives the thermal capacity of a beaker?

a)

the thermal energy required to change the state of the beaker at constant temperature

b)

the thermal energy required to raise the temperature of the beaker by 1 degree Celsius

c)

the total mass of hot liquid that the beaker can hold

d)

the total volume of hot liquid that the beaker can hold

150.

The table lists the melting points and the boiling points of four different substances. Which substance is a liquid at 0 degrees Celsius?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

151.

The diagram shows electricity cables being put up on a warm day. The cables are left loose between the poles, as shown in the diagram. Why are the cables left loose?

a)

they will contract on cold days

b)

they will contract on very warm days

c)

they will expand on cold days

d)

they will expand on very warm days

152.

A long thin bar of cooper is heated evenly along its length. What happens to the bar?

a)

it becomes less heavy

b)

it becomes longer

c)

it becomes shorter

d)

it bends at the ends

153.

A circular metal disc is heated. Which quantity decreases?

a)

density

b)

diameter

c)

thickness

d)

volume

154.

In an experiment, a thermometer is placed in a test tube of hot liquid. The temperature of the liquid is recorded every half minute. The table shows the results. What is the melting point of the substance?

a)

0 degrees Celsius

b)

33 degrees Celsius

c)

55 degrees Celsius

d)

73 degrees Celsius

155.

Equal masses of two different liquids are put into identical beakers. Liquid 1 is heated for 100s and liquid 2 is heated for 200s by heaters of the same power. The temperature of both liquids increases by the same amount. Which statement is correct?

a)

both liquids receive the same amount of energy

b)

liquid 1 receives more energy than liquid 2

c)

both liquids have equal thermal capacity

d)

the thermal capacity of liquid 1 is less than thermal capacity of liquid 2

156.

Equal masses of two different liquids are heated using the same heater. The graph shows how the temperature of each liquid changes with time. What does the graph tell us about the liquids?

a)

Liquid 1 has a higher melting point than liquid 2

b)

Liquid 1 has a higher boiling point than liquid 2

c)

Liquid 1 starts to melt sooner than liquid 2

d)

Liquid 1 starts to boil sooner than liquid 2

157.

Which pair contains only physical quantities that vary with temperature and so could be used in making a thermometer?

a)

activity of a radioactive source, volume of a gas

b)

mass of a liquid, volume of a liquid

c)

activity of a radioactive source, mass of a solid

d)

volume of a gas, volume of a liquid

158.

A heater supplies 80J of energy to a block of metal. The temperature of the block rises by 20 degrees Celsius. What happens to the block of metal when its temperature falls by 10 degrees Celsius?

a)

its internal energy decreases by 40J

b)

its internal energy decreases by 160J

c)

its internal energy increases by 40J

d)

its internal energy increases by 160J

159.

A solid object has a very large thermal capacity. What does this mean?

a)

a large amount of energy is needed to make the object become hot

b)

a large amount of energy is needed to make the object melt

c)

a small amount of energy is needed to make the object become hot

d)

a small amount of energy is needed to make the object melt

160.
To convert from Celsius to Kelvin:
 
K = Degrees Celsius + __________  
a)
251 K
b)
275 K
c)
213 K
d)
273 K
161.
No more energy can be removed from matter at:
a)
its freezing point
b)
0°C
c)
absolute zero
d)
273 K
162.

What is internal energy

a)

the average kinetic energy of the particles

b)

heat energy

c)

the sum of the kinetic and potential energy

d)

the average potential energy

163.

Convert

450 K450\ K  to Celsius

a)

723oC723^oC  

b)

277oC277^oC  

c)

177 oC177\ ^oC  

d)

623oC623^oC  

164.

What is the boiling point of water on the Kelvin scale?

a)

0K0^{ }K

b)

373K373^{ }K

c)

100K100^{ }K

d)

212K212^{ }K

165.

What is the freezing/melting point of water of the Fahrenheit scale?

a)

−273oF-273^oF

b)

0oF0^oF

c)

32oF32^oF

d)

273oF273^oF

166.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

167.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

168.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

169.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

170.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

171.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

172.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

173.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

174.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

175.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

176.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

177.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

178.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

179.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

180.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

181.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

182.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

183.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

184.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

185.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

186.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

187.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

188.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

189.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

190.

The unit of activity is...

a)

Becquerel

b)

Seconds

c)

Metres

d)

Sievert

191.

The most penetrating form of nuclear radiation is...

a)

alpha

b)

beta

c)

gamma

d)

heat

192.

Which best describes the structure of a beta particle?

a)

helium nucleus

b)

slow moving proton

c)

fast moving electron

d)

high frequency light wave

193.

What is the half-life of this radioactive substance?

a)

5700 years

b)

11400 years

c)

17100 years

d)

22800 years

194.

The overall charge on an alpha particle is...

a)

-1

b)

0

c)

+1

d)

+2

195.

The overall charge on a gamma ray is...

a)

-1

b)

0

c)

+1

d)

+2

196.

A hydrogen atom has an atomic number of 1, mass number of 1. The first isotope of hydrogen has an atomic number of...

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

3

197.

Carbon-12 has an atomic number of 6 and a mass number of 12. How many electrons would be found in a neutral atom of carbon-12?

a)

6

b)

12

c)

18

d)

24

198.

A radioactive source has an initial activity of 200kBq and a half-life of 15 days. How many days would it take for the activity to fall to 25kBq?

a)

15

b)

30

c)

45

d)

60

199.

A source of background radiation is...

a)

cosmic rays from the Sun

b)

radon gas in the air

c)

radioactive isotopes in food

d)

radioactive minerals in the earth