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WorksheetsChapter 9a Tiberius Gracchus part 1
Total questions: 61
Worksheet time: 31mins
What is civic virtue?
The pursuit of wealth
The willingness to subordinate oneself to the good of the community
The ability to win elections
The power to overthrow the constitution
What did Scipio the Great do instead of overthrowing the Roman constitution?
Declared himself king
Went into exile
Formed a dictatorship
Raised a private army
Who fought Rome’s later Punic Wars?
Hired mercenaries
Citizen soldiers
Only the Senate’s guard
Gladiators
What happened to many defeated peoples of Rome’s wars?
They became Roman citizens
They were made slaves
They were left independent
They were relocated voluntarily
What effect did constant conquests have on Rome?
Flooded Rome with slaves
Strengthened small farms
Made citizens wealthier equally
Reduced the size of estates
Who had once been the “engine of production” in Rome’s economy?
Gladiators
Slave plantations
Small landholders
Merchants
What replaced small farms as wealth grew?
Vast estates worked by slaves
Collective farms
Military garrisons
Free labor guilds
What did rich Romans need as they acquired more slaves?
More land
More political offices
More temples
More citizenship rights
Why was there a property requirement to enlist in the Roman army?
Soldiers had to buy their own equipment
To ensure loyalty
To restrict the poor
To pay for training
What was considered a mark of pride in Rome?
Paying taxes
Affording army gear
Living in the city
Marrying into nobility
Why did the property requirement work for a long time?
Rome fought mostly in Italy
Slaves paid for equipment
Allies equipped soldiers
Campaigns lasted only weeks
How had Roman warfare changed by the mid-Republic?
Wars were short
Wars were long campaigns abroad
Soldiers no longer needed farms
Fighting stopped altogether
What happened to citizen soldiers’ farms while they served long campaigns?
They were cared for by the Senate
They went bankrupt
They were guarded by allies
They grew more productive
Why couldn’t small farmers compete when they returned home?
They lacked farming skills
Slave farms dominated the market
They were denied citizenship
Their families abandoned the farms
What happened to the smaller landholders of Italy?
They grew wealthier
They vanished
They joined the nobility
They were granted slaves
Where did dispossessed farmers go?
To Greece
To Carthage
To Rome
To Africa
Why did many poor plebs remain idle in Rome?
There were too many jobs
Slaves filled most work
They preferred leisure
They joined the army
What did the unemployed plebs often feel?
Indifferent
Angry
Optimistic
Wealthy
Who were born into this world of inequality?
Caesar and Pompey
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Scipio and Hannibal
Marius and Sulla
Who was the mother of the Gracchi brothers?
Julia
Cornelia
Livia
Aurelia
What was Cornelia’s father’s name?
Scipio Africanus
Julius Caesar
Cato the Elder
Fabius Maximus
Which of the Gracchi was older and more measured?
Gaius
Tiberius
Both were twins
Neither
What honors had their father achieved?
Twice consul, twice triumph
Tribune and censor
Dictator for life
Pontifex Maximus
How old was Tiberius when his father died?
Infant
Between 10–15
20
Already a soldier
What principles was Tiberius raised to respect?
Honor and justice
Wealth and conquest
Trickery and cunning
Leisure and luxury
How did Tiberius die?
Assassinated by foreigners
Murdered by aristocrats
Natural illness
Killed in Spain
What did Tiberius’s death symbolize?
The end of monarchy
The start of a revolution
The rise of Carthage
Rome’s equality
Who raised the Gracchi after their father died?
Their uncle
Their mother Cornelia
Their grandfather
A hired tutor alone
What did Cornelia famously call her two sons?
Her jewels
Her crowns
Her victories
Her treasures of war
What kind of tutor did Cornelia hire for the boys?
A Roman senator
A Stoic philosopher
A military centurion
A Greek playwright
What principle did the Stoic tutor teach Tiberius and Gaius?
That all men are created equal
That Rome should rule the world
That wealth equals virtue
That kingship is natural
What did the tutor say slavery did to men?
Strengthened the state
Reduced them, but did not make it right
Made them useful
Turned them into citizens
What subjects was Tiberius trained in?
Rhetoric, philosophy, religion, and war
Music and theater
Farming and trade
Medicine and science
What was Tiberius’s first political/military role?
Consul
Tribune
Military tribune
Quaestor
With whom did Tiberius serve in the final destruction of Carthage?
Julius Caesar
Scipio Aemilianus
Gaius Marius
Fabius Maximus
How long had Rome and Carthage been in conflict?
60 years
120 years
200 years
90 years
What legendary deed was Tiberius said to have done at Carthage?
First over the wall
Captured Hannibal
Burned the fleet
Negotiated peace
How did the Romans finally break Carthage’s resistance?
Bribed the leaders
Burned the city
Starved it for decades
Released prisoners
How long did the fighting inside Carthage last before surrender?
3 days
6 days
2 weeks
1 month
What symbolic act did the Romans perform after Carthage’s destruction?
Crowned a king
Plowed the land with salt
Built a temple
Freed slaves
How many Carthaginians survived the destruction?
100,000
50,000
200,000
25,000
What other city was destroyed by Rome in 146 B.C.?
Athens
Corinth
Sparta
Alexandria
What Greek concept did the destruction of Carthage and Corinth represent?
Dike (justice)
Hubris (arrogant excess)
Arete (excellence)
Sophrosyne (moderation)
How long would Rome rule supreme after these conquests?
200 years
600 years
100 years
300 years
After Rome’s conquests, what was happening to its streets?
Filled with celebrations
Overflowing with the poor
Cleared for monuments
Abandoned
What had the upper classes been doing while the plebs fought abroad?
Building aqueducts
Buying up farmland
Reforming government
Fighting alongside them
By the mid-2nd century B.C., what ran on slave labor?
Only farms
Italy’s farms, mines, mills, and manufacturing
The army
Temples
What did Roman elites fear as the poor crowded into Rome?
Revolt
Famine
Barbarian invasion
Civil service corruption
What did some Romans believe had kept the plebs united and obedient?
Bread and games
The fear of Carthage
The Senate’s laws
Religious rituals
What suggestion arose after Carthage’s destruction?
Create a new enemy
Divide Rome into two states
Restore Carthage
Give plebs more land
What responsibility did some Romans argue the rich had?
To wage war abroad
To care for the poor
To maintain temples
To train the army
What did Cornelia warn Tiberius about?
That his idealism would make enemies
That his brother would betray him
That he should leave Rome
That Scipio would oppose him
What political office was Tiberius elected to after returning from Spain?
Consul
Quaestor
Aedile
Tribune
What were the four classes of Rome, from top to bottom?
Equites, senators, plebs, slaves
Senators, equites, plebs, slaves
Plebs, equites, senators, slaves
Slaves, plebs, equites, senators
Though plebs were the majority, what did they control?
Only a small fraction of land and wealth
All political offices
The army entirely
Temples and priesthoods
What often happened to dispossessed farmers?
They “grabbed land” themselves
Their farms were taken by rich men
They became senators
They were given estates abroad
Who replaced the thousands of farmers on seized land?
Citizen soldiers
Foreign slaves
City plebs
Allies of Rome
What enemy tribe did Tiberius fight in Spain?
Numantines
Gauls
Macedonians
Etruscans
Who disastrously commanded Tiberius in Spain?
Scipio Aemilianus
Gaius Mancinus
Cato
Octavius
What happened to Mancinus’s army of 20,000?
It was annihilated
It was surrounded
It retreated safely
It won by ambush
Who did the Numantines insist on negotiating with?
Mancinus
Tiberius Gracchus
Scipio Aemilianus
Cornelia
