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WorksheetsFC PHYSICS 1-2
Total questions: 103
Worksheet time: 52mins
Which of the following is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance?
Heat
Internal Energy
Temperature
Work
Ohm's law states that the voltage across a conductor is directly proportional to the:
Resistance flowing through it.
Current flowing through it.
Power dissipated by it
Charge stored in it.
In which type of wave do the particles of the medium oscillate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation?
Longitudinal wave
Transverse wave
Sound wave
P-wave
The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is:
Equal to the angle of reflection.
Greater than the angle of reflection.
Less than the angle of reflection.
Inversely proportional to the angle of reflection.
What fundamental principle is described by Einstein's famous equation, E=mc²?
The quantization of energy.
The law of universal gravitation.
The conservation of momentum.
The mass-energy equivalence.
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of a 2.0 kg block of aluminum from 20°C to 50°C? (Specific heat of aluminum = 900 J/kg°C)
1,800 J
36,000 J
54,000 J
90,000 J
Two resistors, 10Ω and 15 Ω, are connected in parallel to a 30 V battery. What is the total current drawn from the battery?
1.2 A
2.0 A
3.0 A
5.0 A
A radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 101.1 MHz (1.011 x 10⁸ Hz). What is the wavelength of its radio waves? (Speed of light, c = 3.0 x 10⁸ m/s)
0.34 m
2.97 m
3.37 m
30.33 m
According to the theory of special relativity, a person traveling in a spaceship at 99% the speed of light would observe time on Earth as:
Moving at the same rate as on the ship.
Moving much faster than on the ship.
Moving much slower than on the ship.
Having stopped completely.
An electric generator works on the principle of:
Electromagnetic induction.
Ohm's Law.
Coulomb's Law.
The motor effect.
A light ray travels from air (n=1.00) into water (n=1.33) at an angle of incidence of 45°. What is the angle of refraction?
32.1°
45.0°
56.4°
60.0°
A gas in a cylinder does 400 J of work on its surroundings while 150 J of heat is added to it. What is the change in the internal energy of the gas?
-550 J
-250 J
+250 J
+550 J
What is the energy of a single photon of green light with a frequency of 5.70 x 10¹⁴ Hz? (Planck's constant, h = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s)
1.16 x 10⁻⁴⁸ J
3.78 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
8.59 x 10¹⁸ J
2.65 x 10⁴⁰ J
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics is the basis for the concept of:
Work
Temperature
Entropy
Heat
The SI unit of electric current is the:
Volt (V)
Ohm (Ω)
Watt (W)
Ampere (A)
Which property of a sound wave is most closely associated with its pitch?
Amplitude
Speed
Wavelength
Frequency
The idea that energy is not continuous but exists in discrete packets called "quanta" was first proposed by:
Albert Einstein
Isaac Newton
Max Planck
Niels Bohr
What is the primary function of an electrical transformer?
To convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC).
To store electrical charge.
To change the voltage and current of an AC circuit.
To increase the power of a circuit.
A steel bridge is 1000 m long at 20°C. What is the change in its length on a hot day when the temperature is 40°C? (Coefficient of linear expansion for steel, α ≈ 12 x 10⁻⁶ /°C)
0.12 m
0.24 m
1.2 m
2.4 m
A current of 3.0 A flows through a 15 Ω resistor. What is the power dissipated by the resistor?
5 W
45 W
135 W
225 W
An object is placed 30 cm in front of a concave mirror that has a focal length of 10 cm. Where is the image formed?
15 cm in front of the mirror
20 cm in front of the mirror
15 cm behind the mirror
20 cm behind the mirror
What is the de Broglie wavelength of an electron (mass = 9.11 x 10⁻³¹ kg) moving at a speed of 2.2 x 10⁶ m/s? (Planck's constant, h = 6.63 x 10⁻³⁴ J·s)
3.3 x 10⁻¹⁰ m
6.6 x 10⁻¹⁰ m
1.5 x 10⁻¹¹ m
3.0 x 10⁻⁸ m
Three resistors of 5 Ω, 10 Ω, and 15 Ω are connected in series to a 60 V power source. What is the total resistance of the circuit?
2.7 Ω
15 Ω
30 Ω
60 Ω
The index of refraction of diamond is approximately 2.42. What is the speed of light in diamond? (Speed of light in vacuum, c = 3.0 x 10⁸ m/s)
1.24 x 10⁸ m/s
2.42 x 10⁸ m/s
3.00 x 10⁸ m/s
7.26 x 10⁸ m/s
The photoelectric effect provides strong evidence for which of the following concepts?
The wave nature of matter.
The particle nature of light.
The constancy of the speed of light.
The law of conservation of energy.
What rule is used to determine the direction of the magnetic field produced by a long, straight, current-carrying wire?
Snell's Law
The Left-Hand Rule
The Right-Hand Rule
Faraday's Law
What is the process of heat transfer that occurs through the movement of fluids, such as the circulation of air in a room?
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Advection
A circuit in which all components are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for the current to flow, is called a(n):
Parallel circuit
Open circuit
Series circuit
Short circuit
What is the phenomenon of a wave bending as it passes through a narrow opening or around the edge of a barrier?
Reflection
Refraction
Diffraction
Interference
In the context of quantum mechanics, what is a photon?
A negatively charged particle found in atoms.
A quantum, or discrete particle, of electromagnetic radiation (light).
A subatomic particle with no charge.
A type of wave that requires a medium to travel.
An image formed by a plane mirror is always:
Real and inverted.
Virtual and inverted.
Real and upright.
Virtual and upright.
An object is placed 20 cm from a converging lens with a focal length of 15 cm. The image formed is:
Real, inverted, and located at 60 cm.
Virtual, upright, and located at 60 cm.
Real, inverted, and located at 12 cm.
Virtual, upright, and located at 12 cm.
The second law of thermodynamics, in terms of entropy, states that for any spontaneous process, the total entropy of the universe:
Always decreases.
Always remains constant.
Always increases.
Is conserved.
What is the significance of the "threshold frequency" in the photoelectric effect?
It is the frequency at which the ejected electrons have maximum kinetic energy.
It is the minimum frequency of incident light required to eject an electron from a particular metal.
It is the frequency at which the light intensity is greatest.
It is the frequency at which both wave and particle properties of light are observed.
Which of the following would increase the voltage (EMF) induced in a coil of wire by a changing magnetic field, according to Faraday's Law?
Decreasing the number of turns in the coil.
Decreasing the speed at which the magnet is moved.
Using a weaker magnet.
Increasing the number of turns in the coil.
Which method of heat transfer can occur through a vacuum, requiring no medium for transmission?
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Adhesion
What is the primary function of a resistor in an electrical circuit?
To store electric charge.
To provide energy to the circuit.
To oppose or limit the flow of electric current.
To conve
What is the primary function of a resistor in an electrical circuit?
To store electric charge.
To provide energy to the circuit.
To oppose or limit the flow of electric current.
To convert AC to DC.
A simple magnifying glass is an example of which type of optical device?
Convex mirror
Concave mirror
Concave (diverging) lens
Convex (converging) lens
Albert Einstein's Theory of General Relativity describes gravity as:
An instantaneous force acting between two masses.
The exchange of particles called gravitons.
A consequence of the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy.
A type of electromagnetic force.
What is the SI unit for frequency?
Second (s)
Meter (m)
Hertz (Hz)
Newton (N)
During an isothermal expansion of an ideal gas, which of the following is true?
No heat is exchanged with the surroundings.
The internal energy of the gas increases.
The temperature of the gas decreases.
The heat absorbed by the gas is equal to the work done by the gas.
An object 5 cm tall is placed 10 cm from a converging lens. A real image is formed 20 cm from the lens. What is the height of the image?
2.5 cm
5 cm
10 cm
20 cm
You have two blocks of equal mass, one made of copper (c = 385 J/kg°C) and the other of lead (c = 128 J/kg°C). If both blocks absorb the same amount of heat, which one will experience a greater change in temperature?
The copper block.
The lead block.
They will both have the same temperature change.
It cannot be determined without knowing the initial temperatures.
A step-down transformer has a primary coil with 600 turns and is connected to a 120 V AC source. If the secondary coil is to produce a voltage of 6 V, how many turns must it have?
15 turns
30 turns
1200 turns
12000 turns
For two light waves to interfere constructively, their path difference must be:
An odd integer multiple of half a wavelength.
A whole integer multiple of the wavelength.
Exactly half a wavelength.
A random value.
Which of the following best contrasts classical mechanics and quantum mechanics?
Classical mechanics deals with energy, while quantum mechanics deals with forces.
Classical mechanics is deterministic, while quantum mechanics is probabilistic.
Classical mechanics applies to planets, while quantum mechanics applies only to light.
Classical mechanics is based on experiments, while quantum mechanics is purely theoretical.
What is the sum of all the kinetic and potential energies of the constituent particles inside a thermodynamic system called?
Heat
Temperature
Work
Internal Energy
The SI unit of electrical resistance, which is defined as one volt per ampere, is the:
Watt (W)
Ampere (A)
Ohm (Ω)
Coulomb (C)
What is the highest point of a transverse wave called?
Trough
Crest
Amplitude
Wavelength
Which theory specifically describes the physics of objects moving at speeds approaching the speed of light?
Quantum Mechanics
Special Relativity
General Relativity
Newtonian Mechanics
Which of the following describes the interaction between magnetic poles?
Like poles attract, opposite poles repel.
Like poles repel, opposite poles attract.
Both like and opposite poles attract.
Both like and opposite poles repel.
The wave-particle duality of matter, proposed by de Broglie, is a central concept in modern physics. Why is this duality not apparent for macroscopic objects like a thrown baseball?
Macroscopic objects do not have a wavelength.
The concept only applies to objects moving at the speed of light.
The wavelength of a macroscopic object is so incredibly small that its wave effects are undetectable.
The baseball is not a quantum system.
An electric toaster is rated at 1200 W and is plugged into a 120 V outlet. What is its resistance?
0.1 Ω
10 Ω
12 Ω
144 Ω
A wave has a period of 0.02 seconds. What is its frequency?
20 Hz
50 Hz
100 Hz
0.02 Hz
Which of the following best describes the Bohr model of the atom?
Electrons are spread uniformly throughout a sphere of positive charge.
The atom is a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a cloud of electrons.
Electrons orbit the nucleus in specific, quantized energy levels or shells.
The exact position and momentum of an electron cannot be known simultaneously.
An electric motor functions because:
A changing magnetic field induces a current.
A battery's chemical energy is directly converted to motion.
A current-carrying loop of wire in a magnetic field experiences a torque.
Static charges build up and cause rotation.
If a system's internal energy decreases by 100 J while it does 50 J of work on the surroundings, what must have happened to the heat transfer (Q)?
150 J of heat was added to the system.
50 J of heat was added to the system.
150 J of heat was removed from the system.
50 J of heat was removed from the system.
What is a device that is designed to convert thermal energy into mechanical work?
Refrigerator
Heat engine
Thermometer
Capacitor
The SI unit of electric charge is the:
Ampere (A)
Volt (V)
Coulomb (C)
Farad (F)
What is the term for the bending of a light ray as it passes at an angle from one medium to another, such as from air to water?
Reflection
Diffraction
Refraction
Interference
What is the name of the phenomenon where light, upon striking a metal surface, causes the emission of electrons?
Compton scattering
Photoelectric effect
Zeeman effect
Doppler effect
Sound waves are an example of which type of wave?
Transverse
Longitudinal
Electromagnetic
Surface
When a gas expands adiabatically with no heat transfer, what happens to its internal energy and temperature?
The internal energy increases, and the temperature rises.
The internal energy stays the same, and the temperature is constant.
The internal energy decreases, and the temperature drops.
The internal energy decreases, but the temperature rises.
An object is placed in front of a concave mirror. If the resulting image is real, inverted, and larger than the object, the object must be located:
At the focal point (F).
At the center of curvature (C).
Between the focal point (F) and the center of curvature (C).
Beyond the center of curvature (C).
Which of the following is a fundamental postulate of Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity?
The speed of light depends on the speed of the source.
Time is absolute for all observers.
The laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames.
Gravity is a force that acts at a distance.
An electron moves parallel to the direction of a uniform magnetic field. What is the magnitude of the magnetic force it experiences?
It is at its maximum value.
It is half its maximum value.
It is zero.
It depends on the speed of the electron.
If the intensity of a sound increases by a factor of 100, how does its intensity level change in decibels (dB)?
It increases by 2 dB.
It increases by 10 dB.
It increases by 20 dB.
It increases by 100 dB.
When two objects are in contact and there is no net flow of thermal energy between them, they are said to be in:
a phase change.
an adiabatic state.
thermal equilibrium.
a state of high energy.
When two objects are in contact and there is no net flow of thermal energy between them, they are said to be in:
a phase change.
an adiabatic state.
thermal equilibrium.
a state of high entropy.
What is the SI unit of electrical power?
Ampere (A)
Watt (W)
Volt (V)
Ohm (Ω)
What is the lowest point of a transverse wave called?
Crest
Trough
Amplitude
Equilibrium
Who is the physicist most famously associated with the theories of special and general relativity, as well as the equation E=mc²?
Max Planck
Niels Bohr
Albert Einstein
Isaac Newton
The vibrant, swirling colors seen on the surface of a soap bubble or in an oil slick on water are caused by which wave phenomenon?
Diffraction
Refraction
Polarization
Interference
According to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which of the following processes is possible?
Heat spontaneously flowing from a cold object to a hot object.
A heat engine that is 100% efficient.
The total entropy of the universe decreasing over time.
Ice melting in a glass of warm water.
A power plant generator rotates a coil of wire in a magnetic field to produce electricity. This process works because of:
Faraday's Law of Induction.
Coulomb's Law.
Ohm's Law.
The Photoelectric Effect.
Wave-particle duality is a central concept of modern physics. It means that:
Waves are made of particles, but particles are not made of waves.
A particle's position and momentum are both wave-like.
Entities like light and electrons exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, depending on the experiment.
The energy of a wave is equal to the mass of a particle.
Two point charges, q₁ =+2 nC and q₂ = -4 nC, are separated by a distance of 3 cm. What is the magnitude of the electrostatic force between them? (k = 9.0 x 10⁹ N·m²/C²)
8.0 x 10⁻⁵ N
1.2 x 10⁻⁴ N
2.4 x 10⁻³ N
8.0 x 10⁻³ N
An electron is traveling west through a magnetic field that is directed north. What is the direction of the magnetic force on the electron?
Up
Down
North
South
What is the process of heat transfer that occurs when energy is passed from one molecule to another through direct contact?
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Adsorption
A circuit that provides two or more paths for the current to flow is known as a(n):
Series circuit
Parallel circuit
Open circuit
Short circuit
The maximum displacement or distance moved by a point on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position is its:
Wavelength
Frequency
Amplitude
Period
An image formed by a single diverging lens is always:
Real and inverted.
Real and upright.
Virtual and upright.
Virtual and inverted.
Which of the following states of matter has the highest entropy (disorder)?
A crystalline solid
A liquid
A gas
A Bose-Einstein condensate
Why must a transformer be operated using alternating current (AC) rather than direct current (DC)?
Because DC current is too powerful.
Because transformers rely on a continuously changing magnetic field to induce a voltage.
Because DC circuits do not have resistors.
Because AC current can flow in two directions, doubling the power.
A lamp is rated at 60 W when connected to a 120 V source. What is the resistance of the lamp?
0.5 Ω
2 Ω
240 Ω
7200 Ω
What property of a substance is defined as the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of that substance by one degree?
Latent Heat
Specific Heat Capacity
Thermal Conductivity
Internal Energy
What is the region of space around a magnet or a current-carrying wire in which a magnetic force can be experienced?
Electric Field
Magnetic Field
Gravitational Field
Force Field
What is the SI unit for the period of a wave?
Hertz (Hz)
Meter (m)
Second (s)
Meter per second (m/s)
The principle in quantum mechanics stating that it is impossible to know both the exact position and the exact momentum of a particle at the same time is the:
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
Photoelectric Effect
Principle of Relativity
A standard battery, such as one used in a flashlight or a car, produces what type of electrical current?
Alternating Current (AC)
Direct Current (DC)
Oscillating Current
Variable Current
Two resistors, R₁= 20 Ω and R₂ = 30 Ω, are connected in parallel. What is their equivalent resistance?
10 Ω
12 Ω
25 Ω
50 Ω
How much heat is required to completely melt a 500 g block of ice at its melting point (0°C)? (Latent heat of fusion for water = 3.34 x 10⁵ J/kg)
1.67 x 10⁴ J
1.67 x 10⁵ J
3.34 x 10⁵ J
6.68 x 10⁵ J
A transformer is designed to convert a 120 V input to a 2400 V output. If the primary coil has 100 turns, how many turns must the secondary coil have?
5 turns
50 turns
2000 turns
20000 turns
A thermodynamic process that occurs at a constant temperature is called:
Adiabatic
Isochoric
Isobaric
Isothermal
What is the term for the distance between two consecutive corresponding points of a wave, such as two crests or two troughs?
Period
Wavelength
Amplitude
Frequency
According to Lenz's Law, the direction of an induced current in a conductor will be such that it creates a magnetic field that:
Enhances the change in magnetic flux.
Opposes the change in magnetic flux that produced it.
Is parallel to the original magnetic field.
Is perpendicular to the original magnetic field.
An observer will hear a sound with a higher pitch than the source is emitting if:
The source is moving away from the observer.
The observer is moving away from the source.
The source and the observer are moving toward each other.
The source and the observer are moving in the same direction at the same speed.
The groundbreaking idea that space and time are not absolute but are interwoven into a single four-dimensional continuum called "spacetime" is a central concept of which theory?
Quantum Mechanics
Theory of Relativity
The Standard Model
String Theory
In the photoelectric effect, if the frequency of the incident light is increased (while the intensity remains constant), what happens to the ejected photoelectrons?
The number of ejected electrons increases.
The maximum kinetic energy of the ejected electrons increases.
Both the number and the kinetic energy of the electrons increase.
There is no change in the ejected electrons.
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics is most directly related to the concept of:
Energy conservation.
A valid and consistent measurement of temperature.
The direction of spontaneous heat flow.
The impossibility of reaching absolute zero.
An ocean wave has a wavelength of 120 meters and travels at a speed of 15 m/s. What is the frequency of the wave?
0.125 Hz
1.25 Hz
8.0 Hz
1800 Hz
An electric heater with a power rating of 1500 W is used for 4 hours. If the cost of electricity is ₱10.00 per kilowatt-hour (kWh), how much does it cost to use the heater?
₱15.00
₱30.00
₱60.00
₱6000.00
