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WorksheetsPhilosophy of Religion – Summative Assessment (20 MCQs)
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Which of the following best describes a deductive argument?
It is based on probability.
If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.
It uses observation to form conclusions.
It is based on emotional appeal.
What is the key feature of an inductive argument?
It guarantees the truth of the conclusion.
It is always false.
It offers probable conclusions based on evidence.
It uses mathematical proofs.
Which of the following is an a priori statement?
The cat is on the mat.
Water boils at 100°C.
All bachelors are unmarried.
The sun rises in the east.
A posteriori knowledge is based on:
Intuition.
Logical deduction.
Experience and observation.
Revelation.
Which of the following is an example of an analytic statement?
The dog is friendly.
All triangles have three sides.
The tree is tall.
Ice cream is sweet.
What is a key feature of a synthetic proposition?
A. It is always false.
B. It is true by definition.
C. Its truth depends on the way the world is.
D. It is self-contradictory.
Which of the following is a necessary truth?
A. Paris is the capital of France.
B. 2 + 2 = 4.
C. My phone is on the table.
D. The sky is blue.
What is a contingent truth?
A truth that could not have been otherwise.
A truth that depends on definitions.
A truth that depends on the way the world is.
A mathematical equation.
What is the fallacy of composition?
A. Assuming what is true of the whole is true of the parts.
B. Misusing a word with two meanings.
C. Assuming what is true of the parts is true of the whole.
D. Attacking the person instead of the argument.
What is the fallacy of equivocation?
A. Using two different arguments at once.
B. Changing the topic to win an argument.
Using a word in two different senses in the same argument.
Assuming something is true because it is popular.
Which is an example of the fallacy of division?
The orchestra is excellent, so each player must be excellent.
All men are created equal. Women aren’t men, so all women aren’t created equal.
Soil is natural. Natural things are good for you. So it’s okay to ingest soil
I have the right to free speech, so it’s right for me to say whatever I want.
Which argument is a priori and deductive?
The universe has order, therefore God exists.
All bachelors are unmarried.
The apple fell from the tree, so gravity caused it.
It rained because the clouds were grey.
Which argument is a posteriori and inductive?
2 + 2 = 4
The triangle has 3 sides
The sun has risen every day, so it will rise tomorrow
A bachelor is unmarried
Which statement expresses a contingent truth?
All bachelors are unmarried.
If A = B and B = C, then A = C.
The Eiffel Tower is in Paris.
7 is a prime number.
Which of the following is necessarily false?
Squares have four sides.
Circles are square.
Some birds fly.
Trees grow leaves.
Which is an example of an analytic truth?
London is in the UK.
Ice is cold.
All bachelors are unmarried.
The chair is red.
Which of these is an example of a synthetic truth?
All bachelors are unmarried.
All triangles have three sides.
The mug is blue.
A = A
What type of reasoning is involved in drawing a general rule from specific observations?
Deductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning
Analytic reasoning
Synthetic reasoning
If someone says 'everything has a cause, so the universe has a cause', they may be committing:
Straw man fallacy
Ad hominem
Fallacy of composition
False dilemma
Which of the following best defines an analytic statement?
A statement that must be verified by sense experience
A statement whose truth depends on the world
A statement true by definition
A probable statement
