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WorksheetsRiver Valley Civilizations Vocab - Glossary of Key Terms
Total questions: 76
Worksheet time: 38mins
A people who overtook the Sumerians in Mesopotamia around 2270 BC are known as ________.
Akkadians
Babylonians
Hittites
Assyrians
Land suitable for growing crops is called ________.
Arable Land
Barren Land
Desert Land
Rocky Land
One of the five major oceans, located around the North Pole, is the ________.
Arctic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
A people who rose to power in Mesopotamia around 1900 BC, and whose empire later rose again, are called ________.
Assyrians
Phoenicians
Hittites
Sumerians
One of the five major oceans, located between Europe/Africa and the Americas, is the ________.
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Southern Ocean
A people who took control of Mesopotamia, known for King Hammurabi, are called ________.
Babylonians
Sumerians
Assyrians
Hittites
The art of beautiful writing, developed from ancient Chinese characters, is called ________.
Calligraphy
Origami
Pottery
Sculpture
Sections of the Nile River where jagged rocks and rapids make river travel difficult are called ________.
Cataracts
Deltas
Basins
Oases
An ancient civilization in East Asia, centered along the Huang He River, with early agriculture around 4000 BCE and the Shang Dynasty from 1650-1027 BCE, is called ________.
China (Shang Dynasty)
Mesopotamia
Indus Valley
Ancient Egypt
A pictographic writing system developed in Mesopotamia, using wedge-shaped symbols on clay tablets to represent pictures, sounds, and ideas, is called ________.
Cuneiform
Hieroglyphics
Kanji
Runes
A religious belief system that grew in the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, allowing more people to enter the afterlife, is called the ________.
Cult of Osiris
Book of the Dead
Cult of Ra
Cult of Anubis
A landform that is formed at the mouth of a river, where the river deposits sediment as it flows into an ocean or lake, is called a ________.
Delta
Canyon
Plateau
Valley
Walls or banks built to prevent flooding, especially along rivers in ancient China, are called ________.
Dikes
Terraces
Pagodas
Aqueducts
The pattern of the rise and fall of dynasties in China, tied to the Mandate of Heaven, is called the ________.
Dynastic Cycle
Great Wall Theory
Silk Road Route
Mandarin Principle
An ancient civilization in Northeast Africa, centered along the Nile River, with early agriculture around 5000 BCE and civilization around 3100 BCE, is called ________.
Egypt
Mesopotamia
Indus Valley
China
A long poem from ancient Mesopotamia about a king who travels the world, performs great deeds, and searches for immortality, is called the ________.
Epic of Gilgamesh
Iliad
Mahabharata
Odyssey
One of the two major rivers defining Mesopotamia, known as 'between the rivers,' is the ________.
Euphrates River
Nile River
Amazon River
Yangtze River
A type of government in Zhou Dynasty China where local lords ruled their own lands but owed military support and loyalty to the central ruler is called ________.
Feudal State/Feudalism
Democracy
Bureaucracy
Theocracy
The boomerang-shaped region of fertile land in the Middle East, including Mesopotamia, where early human civilizations flourished, is called the ________.
Fertile Crescent
Sahara Desert
Gobi Desert
Great Plains
What is the location of the famous ancient Egyptian pyramids and the Sphinx?
Giza
Luxor
Alexandria
Cairo
What is a storehouse for threshed grain, found in Indus Valley cities called?
Granary
Citadel
Reservoir
Assembly Hall
What is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, built by King Nebuchadnezzar in the Neo-Babylonian Empire?
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Great Pyramid of Giza
Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
Statue of Zeus at Olympia
What is one of the two main cities of the Indus River Valley Civilization, characterized by urban planning and advanced systems?
Harappa
Babylon
Athens
Rome
Who was a female pharaoh of the New Kingdom of Egypt, known for her mortuary temple?
Hatshepsut
Ramses II
Akhenaten
Tutankhamun
What is the name of the ancient Egyptian writing system, based on Sumerian script, incorporating pictographic and alphabetic elements?
Hieroglyphics
Cuneiform
Phoenician
Linear B
What is the name of the massive mountain range protecting the Indus River Valley to the North?
Himalayan Mountains
Andes Mountains
Rocky Mountains
Alps
What is the name of the mountain range protecting the Indus River Valley to the North?
Hindu Kush Mountains
Andes Mountains
Rocky Mountains
Alps
What is the name of the river in ancient China where civilization grew, also known as the 'River of Sorrows' due to devastating floods?
Huang He (Yellow) River
Yangtze River
Mekong River
Ganges River
Who were the invaders from Western Asia who conquered Egypt during the decline of the Middle Kingdom and were later among the succession of invaders in the New Kingdom?
Hyksos
Hittites
Assyrians
Persians
What is a written character symbolizing an idea or object, used in ancient Chinese writing called?
Ideograph
Phonograph
Alphabet
Syllabary
What is the name of one of the five major oceans, located south of Asia and west of Australia?
Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
What is the name of the ancient civilization in South Asia, protected by mountains and linked to the seas by the Indus and Ganges Rivers, with early agriculture around 3000 BCE and civilization around 2600 BCE?
Indus River Valley
Mesopotamia
Ancient Egypt
Shang Dynasty
What is the supply of water to land or crops to help growth, often by means of channels, and is crucial for agriculture in Mesopotamia and China called?
Irrigation
Deforestation
Fertilization
Harvesting
What is the part of a map that explains the symbols, colors, and lines used on the map, sometimes called a legend?
Key (Map)
Scale
Compass Rose
Grid
What is the fine, windblown yellow soil found in the Huang He (Yellow) River, which gives it its color and contributes to flooding called?
Loess
Alluvium
Siltstone
Granite
What is the northern part of ancient Egypt, downstream on the Nile River called?
Lower Egypt
Upper Egypt
Thebes
Giza
What is the Chinese belief that emperors ruled with the gods' approval, used to justify their power and the dynastic cycle called?
Mandate of Heaven
Divine Right of Kings
Confucian Code
Heavenly Decree
What is the name of the ancient civilization in the Fertile Crescent, 'between the rivers' (Tigris and Euphrates), with early agriculture around 8000 BCE and civilization around 3500 BCE?
Mesopotamia (Sumer)
Indus Valley
Ancient Egypt
Ancient China
What is the period in ancient Egypt characterized by restored prosperity, trade with Nubians, and the growth of the Cult of Osiris called?
Middle Kingdom (Egypt)
Old Kingdom (Egypt)
New Kingdom (Egypt)
Ptolemaic Period
One of the two main cities of the Indus River Valley Civilization, known for its grid pattern, advanced drainage, and the Great Bath. Fill in the blank: ____________
Mohenjo-Daro
Babylon
Athens
Rome
The belief in only one god. Fill in the blank: ____________
Monotheistic
Polytheistic
Atheistic
Animistic
Seasonal prevailing winds in the region of South and Southeast Asia, bringing heavy rains to the Indus River Valley. Fill in the blank: ____________
Monsoons
Typhoons
Trade Winds
Cyclones
A large temple complex built for the New Kingdom pharaoh Hatshepsut. Fill in the blank: ____________
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut
Temple of Karnak
Temple of Luxor
Temple of Ramses II
A king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, known for building the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. Fill in the blank: ____________
Nebuchadnezzar
Hammurabi
Sargon
Ashurbanipal
A later empire that came to power in Mesopotamia, known for Nebuchadnezzar. Fill in the blank: ____________
Neo-Babylonian Empire (Chaldean Empire)
Akkadian Empire
Assyrian Empire
Sumerian Empire
A period of ancient Egypt marked by a large empire, increased contact with other civilizations, and significant architectural projects. What is the name of this period?
New Kingdom (Egypt)
Old Kingdom (Egypt)
Middle Kingdom (Egypt)
Ptolemaic Period
The fertile strip of land along the Nile River in Egypt, where ancient Egyptian civilization developed. Fill in the blank: ____________
Nile River Valley
Sahara Desert
Gobi Desert
Amazon Basin
Local officials or governors in ancient Egypt, whose power struggles contributed to the decline of the Old Kingdom. Fill in the blank: ____________
Nomarchs
Viziers
Pharaohs
Scribes
A region to the south of ancient Egypt, with whom Egyptians traded and eventually occupied during the Middle Kingdom. Fill in the blank: ____________
Nubia/Nubians
Mesopotamia
Phoenicia
Persia
Also known as the 'Pyramid Age,' a period in ancient Egypt characterized by the construction of massive tombs for pharaohs and strong central authority. What is the name of this period?
Old Kingdom (Egypt)
Middle Kingdom (Egypt)
New Kingdom (Egypt)
Late Period (Egypt)
An early civilization in Mesoamerica, with early agriculture around 5000 BCE and civilization around 1200 BCE. Fill in the blank: ____________
Olmecs
Sumerians
Harappans
Shang
Animal bones or turtle shells used by ancient Chinese priests to predict the future by carving questions, heating them, and interpreting the cracks. Fill in the blank: ____________
Oracle Bones
Rosetta Stone
Dead Sea Scrolls
Cuneiform Tablets
An Egyptian god associated with the afterlife, whose cult grew during the Middle Kingdom. Fill in the blank: ____________
Osiris
Ra
Horus
Anubis
One of the five major oceans, the largest and deepest, located between Asia/Australia and the Americas. Which of the following is it?
Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Arctic Ocean
The absolute ruler and king of ancient Egypt, believed to have divine authority. Fill in the blank: ____________
Pharaoh
Emperor
Sultan
Czar
A pictorial symbol for a word or phrase, used in ancient writing systems like hieroglyphics and early Chinese. Fill in the blank: ____________
Pictograph
Alphabet
Phoneme
Manuscript
The belief in or worship of more than one god. Fill in the blank: ____________
Polytheistic
Monotheistic
Atheistic
Animistic
Another name for the Old Kingdom of ancient Egypt, due to the construction of the pyramids. Fill in the blank: ____________
Pyramid Age
Bronze Age
Middle Kingdom
Valley Era
A powerful pharaoh of the New Kingdom of Egypt, known for monumental structures like the Temple of Ramses II at Abu Simbel. Who is he?
Ramses II (Abu Simbel Temple)
Tutankhamun
Akhenaten
Thutmose III
A sea bordered by Egypt to the west, mentioned in 'The Shipwrecked Sailor.' Fill in the blank: ____________
Red Sea
Black Sea
Caspian Sea
Baltic Sea
A nickname for the Huang He (Yellow) River due to its devastating and unpredictable floods. Fill in the blank: ____________
River of Sorrows
Mother River
Dragon's Vein
Golden Stream
Small, carved objects used in the Indus River Valley to mark ownership or signify taxes paid, often depicting animals or religious figures. Fill in the blank: ____________
Seals (Indus Valley)
Cuneiform Tablets
Obelisks
Rosetta Stones
The first historically verified Chinese dynasty, known for its oracle bones and early writing, ruling from around 1650 BCE to 1027 BCE. Fill in the blank: ____________
Shang Dynasty
Qin Dynasty
Han Dynasty
Zhou Dynasty
An ancient network of trade routes that connected China with the West, through which silk and other goods were exchanged. Fill in the blank: ____________
Silk Road
Great Wall
Terracotta Army
Forbidden City
Fine sand, clay, or other material carried by running water and deposited as a sediment, particularly in river deltas and floodplains. Fill in the blank: ____________
Silt
Granite
Basalt
Limestone
A hierarchical system in Mesopotamia with rulers/priests at the top, followed by merchants/artists/scribes, then peasant farmers, and captured slaves. Fill in the blank: ____________
Social Structure (Mesopotamia)
Cuneiform Writing
Ziggurat Architecture
Irrigation System
One of the five major oceans, surrounding Antarctica. Fill in the blank: ____________
Southern Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Arctic Ocean
An ancient civilization in Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, one of the earliest urban civilizations. Fill in the blank: ____________
Sumer
Mohenjo-daro
Harappa
Athens
A system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god, or where religious leaders also lead the government (e.g., Mesopotamia). What is this system called?
Theocracy
Democracy
Monarchy
Oligarchy
One of the two major rivers defining Mesopotamia, known as 'between the rivers.' Fill in the blank: ____________
Tigris River
Nile River
Amazon River
Yangtze River
The southern part of ancient Egypt, upstream on the Nile River. What is it called?
Upper Egypt
Lower Egypt
Thebes
Memphis
The practice of honoring and praying to deceased ancestors, believed to intercede with the gods in ancient China. Fill in the blank: ____________
Veneration of Ancestors
Mandate of Heaven
Oracle Bones
Legalism
The chief minister in the ancient Egyptian government during the Old Kingdom, who supervised day-to-day government affairs. Fill in the blank: ____________
Vizier
Pharaoh
Scribe
Nomarch
A concept in ancient Chinese philosophy symbolizing the balance of two opposing forces (Yin: Earth, darkness, female; Yang: Heaven, light, male). What is the term for this concept?
Yin and Yang
Qi and Chi
Tao and Te
Wu Wei
A Chinese dynasty that overthrew the Shang, ruling from 1027 BCE to 256 BCE, known for establishing feudalism and the Mandate of Heaven. Fill in the blank: ____________
Zhou Dynasty
Qin Dynasty
Han Dynasty
Tang Dynasty
A large, pyramid-like temple at the center of Mesopotamian cities, serving as a religious and administrative center. Fill in the blank: ____________
Ziggurat
Obelisk
Pagoda
Stupa
