WorksheetsHistoria de la Tecnología Sanitaria
Total questions: 138
Worksheet time: 1hrs 12mins
¿Quién desarrolló el primer dispositivo de resonancia magnética?
Graeme Clark
Raymond Damadian
Miles Edwards
Paul Zoll
¿Qué dispositivo se utilizó por primera vez en 1976 para la reanimación neonatal?
Desfibrilador automático implantable
Incubadora portátil
Sistema de presión positiva continua en las vías respiratorias (CPAP)
Marcapasos externo
¿Quién inventó el CPAP neonatal?
Wilson Greatbatch
Graeme Clark
George Gregory
John Charnley
¿En qué año se implantó el primer corazón artificial total en humanos?
1970
1978
1982
1993
¿Quién realizó el primer implante de corazón artificial total?
Miles Edwards
Graeme Clark
Raymond Damadian
John Gibbon
¿Qué se publicó en 1982 como un avance importante en bioingeniería?
Directrices para la creación de corazones artificiales
Primeras directrices para la biocompatibilidad de biomateriales
Manuales de resonancia magnética
Instrucciones para el uso de válvulas cardíacas
¿En qué año se introdujo el primer sistema robótico para la neurocirugía?
1977
1985
1990
1993
¿Qué hito se alcanzó en 1993 con respecto a los dispositivos médicos?
Primera válvula cardíaca
Publicación de directrices de calidad para hospitales
Publicación de normas ISO 9000 para instituciones médicas
Creación del primer corazón artificial
Según la OMS, ¿qué es la tecnología de la salud?
Solo medicamentos utilizados en hospitales
La aplicación de conocimientos teóricos y prácticos en forma de dispositivos, medicamentos, vacunas, procedimientos y sistemas
Un sistema de financiamiento para hospitales
Exclusivamente biotecnología
¿Qué expresión es equivalente a 'tecnología de la salud'?
Tecnología biomédica
Tecnología para la salud
Biotecnología aplicada
Tecnología médica industrial
¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la tecnología de la salud?
Aumentar la producción farmacéutica
Mejorar la calidad de vida
Reducir los costos hospitalarios
Reemplazar al personal médico
¿Qué característica distingue a un dispositivo médico?
Siempre actúa por mecanismos farmacológicos
Actúa sobre el organismo sin mecanismos farmacológicos, inmunológicos o metabólicos
Solo se utiliza en rehabilitación
Siempre es desechable
Un dispositivo médico se puede utilizar para:
Prevención, diagnóstico o tratamiento
Exclusivamente diagnóstico
Solo cirugía mayor
Investigación farmacéutica
¿Qué diferencia el equipo médico de otros dispositivos médicos?
No requiere calibración ni mantenimiento
Requiere calibración, mantenimiento, reparación y capacitación del usuario
Siempre es desechable
Se utiliza solo en emergencias
¿Cuál de los siguientes NO se considera equipo médico?
Tomografía computarizada
Marcapasos implantable
Monitor multiparamétrico
Ventilador mecánico
La gestión de calidad de la tecnología de la salud busca:
Reducir el gasto en salud
Asegurar servicios seguros y efectivos
Reemplazar al médico con tecnología
Limitar el uso de equipos avanzados
¿Cuál es el primer paso en la gestión de tecnología de la salud?
Desarrollar protocolos quirúrgicos
Determinar qué elementos necesitan ser gestionados y crear un inventario
Comprar equipos médicos
Desarrollar estándares nacionales
¿Cuál es la principal utilidad de un inventario de tecnología de la salud?
Estimar los costos de hospitalización
Mejorar la gestión de aspectos clave de las tecnologías de la salud
Clasificar a los pacientes en un hospital
Capacitar al personal administrativo
¿Qué regula la NOM-035-SSA3-2012 en su sección 9.4?
Estadísticas de mortalidad
Estadísticas de componentes de infraestructura en salud
Control de medicamentos controlados
Registro de personal médico
¿Qué considera la estadística de infraestructura según la NOM-035?
¿Qué consideran las estadísticas de infraestructura según la NOM-035?
Solo hospitales federales
Establecimientos de salud, edificios y unidades móviles en operación
Solo obras de nueva construcción
Solo hospitales privados
¿Qué documento asigna una clave única a cada establecimiento de salud en México?
ISO 9000
CLUES
GMDN
UMDNS
¿Qué significa el acrónimo CLUES?
Catálogo Latinoamericano de Unidades de Estudio en Salud
Catálogo de Establecimientos de Salud
Clasificación Universal de Establecimientos Sanitarios
Código Local de Unidades Sanitarias
¿Qué significa AAMI?
Asociación para el Avance de la Instrumentación Médica
Administración de Dispositivos Médicos Internacionales
Agencia para la Asistencia Médica Internacional
Asociación Americana de Medicina Interna
¿Qué significa CMMS?
Sistema de Gestión de Mantenimiento Computerizado
Servicio de Gestión Médica Central
Sistema de Monitoreo de Mantenimiento Clínico
Control de Material Médico
¿Qué significa GCTTS?
Grupo Asesor Técnico sobre Tecnología de la Salud
Gestión de Centros Técnicos para la Tecnología de la Salud
Control Global de Sistemas de Telemedicina Técnica
Grupo Científico sobre Tecnología y Salud
¿Qué significa GIT?
Iniciativa Global sobre Tecnologías de Salud
Gestión Internacional de Terapias
Grupo Integrado de Tecnologías
Guía Internacional de Telemedicina
¿Qué significa GMDN?
Nomenclatura Global de Dispositivos Médicos
Guía Mundial para el Diagnóstico Neurológico
Gestión de Dispositivos Médicos en Sistemas Nacionales
Grupo Mundial para el Desarrollo de Nomenclatura
¿Qué significa UMDNS?
Sistema de Nomenclatura de Dispositivos Médicos Universal
Unidad de Dispositivos Médicos de Salud Nacional
Sistema de Red de Datos Médicos Unificado
Monitoreo Universal de Dispositivos en Sistemas de Enfermería
¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones NO corresponde a la definición de tecnología de la salud según la OMS?
Dispositivos médicos
Procedimientos quirúrgicos
Métodos farmacológicos
Vacunas
¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones NO es sinónima de 'tecnología de la salud'?
Tecnología para la salud
Tecnología médica industrial
Tecnología de la salud
Tecnología aplicada a la atención médica
Los dispositivos médicos generalmente:
Actúan a través de mecanismos inmunológicos
Actúan a través de mecanismos farmacológicos
Actúan a través de mecanismos metabólicos
No actúan a través de mecanismos farmacológicos, inmunológicos o metabólicos
¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones corresponde exclusivamente a equipos médicos y no a dispositivos médicos de un solo uso?
Calibración
Implante
Desechable
Administración oral
¿Cuál de las siguientes opciones se considera equipo médico?
Catéter desechable
Marcapasos implantable
Ventilador mecánico
Guantes quirúrgicos
¿Qué actividades forman parte de la gestión de equipos médicos?
Calibración, mantenimiento, reparación, capacitación y retiro
Solo calibración y capacitación
Solo mantenimiento
Solo reparación y calibración
El primer paso en la gestión de tecnologías de la salud es:
Comprar dispositivos médicos
Capacitar a los usuarios
Determinar qué elementos necesitan ser gestionados y crear un inventario
Desarrollar estándares NOM
El inventario de tecnologías de salud es un documento que debe:
Mantenerse como un registro histórico sin modificaciones
Revisarse solo al comienzo de cada año
Verificarse y actualizarse periódicamente
Usarse solo en auditorías externas
¿Cuál es la principal utilidad del inventario de tecnologías de salud?
Reducir los costos hospitalarios
Mejorar la gestión de aspectos clave de las tecnologías
Reemplazar funciones administrativas
Controlar solo los medios
¿Cuál es el propósito de la Ontario de tecnologías sanitarias?
Reducir los costos hospitalarios
Mejorar la gestión de aspectos clave de las tecnologías
Reemplazar funciones administrativas
Controlar solo medicamentos
¿Qué permite la tecnología de la salud a los proveedores hacer?
Solo monitorear pacientes
Diagnosticar, atender, monitorear y tratar pacientes
Solo aplicar vacunas
Reducir el tiempo de hospitalización
¿Cuál es el objetivo principal de la gestión de calidad en la tecnología de la salud?
Eliminar el uso de equipos costosos
Asegurar servicios seguros y efectivos
Capacitar al personal de enfermería
Clasificar el equipo como obsoleto o nuevo
¿Qué considera las estadísticas de infraestructura de la NOM-035-SSA3-2012?
Solo hospitales privados
Solo obras terminadas en operación
Establecimientos de salud, edificios y unidades móviles, incluso en construcción o fuera de servicio
Solo edificios federales
¿Qué sistema organiza el inventario funcional de las unidades de SNS en México?
GMDN
CLUES
UMDNS
ISO 9000
¿Qué significa CLUES dentro de la NOM-035-SSA3-2012?
Clasificación Local de Unidades de Emergencia en Salud
Catálogo de Establecimientos en Salud
Código Latinoamericano de Unidades Sanitarias
Control de Ubicación de Unidades en Salud
El sistema CLUES asigna una clave única para cada establecimiento considerando:
La institución y la ubicación geográfica
El número de camas
El costo operativo anual
El nivel académico del personal médico
¿Qué significa el acrónimo AAMI?
Asociación para el Avance de la Instrumentación Médica
Asociación Americana de Medicina Interna
Agencia Internacional de Gestión de Materiales
Administración de la Industria de Dispositivos Médicos
¿Qué significa el acrónimo CMMS?
Sistema de Gestión de Mantenimiento Computerizado
Sistema de Monitoreo Médico Clínico
Software de Gestión Médica Central
Control de Material Médico en Salud
¿Qué significa GCTTS?
Grupo Asesor Técnico sobre Tecnología de la Salud
Guía de Clasificación Técnica para Tecnologías de la Salud
Control Global de Sistemas Técnicos de Telemedicina
Grupo Científico sobre Tecnología y Salud
¿Qué significa GIT en inglés?
Iniciativa Global sobre Tecnologías de Salud
Grupo para Terapias Internacionales
Telemedicina Internacional General
Instituto Global de Tecnologías
¿Qué significa GIT en español?
Grupo Internacional de Tecnología de la Salud
Iniciativa Global sobre Tecnologías de la Salud
Guía para la Innovación Tecnológica
Gestión Internacional de Telemedicina
What does GMDN stand for?
Global Medical Device Nomenclature
World Guide to Neurological Diagnosis
Global Standards Development Group
National Medical Device Management
What does UMDNS stand for?
Universal Medical Device Nomenclature System
National Medical Development Unit in Health
Unified Medical Diagnostic Network System
Universal Monitoring of Devices in Nursing Systems
What is the main difference between GMDN and UMDNS?
The former is a global nomenclature and the latter is a universal nomenclature
GMDN classifies medications, UMDNS classifies devices
GMDN applies in Mexico, UMDNS only in Europe
GMDN is obsolete, UMDNS is current
According to NOM-035-SSA3-2012, which of the following data must be reported about the health unit?
Date of establishment of the unit
Key and name of entity, municipality, and locality
Number of employees per shift
Brand of medical equipment
The minimum information that must include the complete address of the health unit is:
Street, number, neighborhood, and postal code
Street, references, and geographical area
Name of the director and number of beds
Avenue, section, and subdivision
Which of the following elements corresponds to the contact data of a health establishment?
CURP of the responsible person
Name of the responsible person, phone, and email
IP address of the main computer
Electronic signature of the director
According to NOM-035-SSA3-2012, the statistics of medical equipment refer to:
The equipment that has been decommissioned and discarded
The technologies in operation that support diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation
The equipment under repair for more than a year
International donations of equipment
The information about medical equipment must be integrated:
At the level of the SNS establishment
Only at the national level
Exclusively in private hospitals
Only by states
What medical equipment is included in the minimum mandatory report?
X-ray equipment
Wheelchairs
Clinical thermometers
Stretchers
Which of the following does NOT appear in the minimum list of medical equipment to report?
Mammography equipment
Hemodialysis machines
Vital signs monitors
Linear accelerators
The registration of medical equipment must distinguish between:
That acquired in Mexico and abroad
That installed in medical service areas and that in storage
That for pediatric use and that for geriatric use
That new and that second-hand
According to NOM-035-SSA3-2012, within the Normative Appendix 'A', areas such as:
Intensive care unit
Administrative offices
Parking lots
Staff cafeteria
One of the units mentioned in the Normative Appendix 'A' is:
Hemodialysis unit
Organ transplant unit
Labor psychology unit
Alternative medicine unit
Which of the following corresponds to a physical resource to report?
Pharmacy
Computer laboratory
Hospital cafeteria
Accounting office
According to the Normative Appendix 'B', beds must be reported:
According to their unit cost
According to their location within an area of the unit
According to the purchasing supplier
According to the construction material
What room is specified in the Normative Appendix 'B'?
Hemodynamics room
Expulsion room
Meeting room
General waiting room
Within the physical resources of the Normative Appendix 'B' is found:
Specialty consultancies
Alternative medicine consultancies
Staff rest rooms
Administrative offices
What is the main objective of maintaining an inventory of workshop tools and measuring equipment in a hospital?
To prevent instruments from being lost
To keep instruments organized, calibrated, and in good condition
To reduce maintenance costs
To facilitate the purchase of new equipment
What type of equipment requires inventory to ensure the operation of hospital systems such as boilers or autoclaves?
Only laboratory tools
Industrial and hospital equipment
Office equipment
Cleaning materials
Why is it important to maintain an inventory of safety equipment such as extinguishers and eyewash stations?
To report them to the manufacturer
To ensure they work when needed
To increase the value of the hospital
To reduce insurance
Maintaining an inventory of radioactive and hazardous materials primarily helps to:
Increase staff efficiency
Properly manage and dispose of materials and avoid contamination
Reduce the amount of waste
Control the budget
What information is linked to the inventory identification number of a medical device?
Only the manufacturer
Maintenance history, repairs, procedures, preventive maintenance schedule, and spare parts stock
Only the purchase date
Only the type of equipment
What is the function of the inventory identification number in a medical device?
Facilitate labeling
Uniquely identify each device among all inventoried
Increase the value of the equipment
Indicate who purchased it
In a sequential numbering system, what information does the assigned number provide?
Type of equipment
Manufacturer
None, it only uniquely identifies
Year of acquisition
What is the main advantage of coded numbering?
It is the simplest method
It allows knowing the type of equipment, manufacturer, and specific unit with just the code
It does not require a master list
It does not need maintenance
An inventory code 01-XXX-02 indicates:
01: type of equipment, XXX: manufacturer, 02: second unit of the manufacturer
01: manufacturer, XXX: type of equipment, 02: year of purchase
01: serial number, XXX: location, 02: priority
01: acquisition date, XXX: type of maintenance, 02: unit
In the barcode, what is needed for it to work correctly?
Adhesive and pencil
Barcode reader and inventory management program
Only the adhesive
Only the computer
To avoid confusion when there is no barcode reader, it is advisable to:
Not use labels
Also include the inventory identification number on the label
Use colored labels
Keep the number on a separate sheet
Which of the following items belongs to the inventory of safety equipment?
Autoclaves
Eyewash stations
Ultrasound machines
Boilers
Which of the following items belongs to the inventory of industrial and hospital equipment?
Fire extinguishers
Fire hoses
Electric generators
Radioactive materials
What should be done when assigning the following number in a sequential numbering system?
Choose any number at random
Assign the next available number according to the master list
Use the manufacturer's serial number
Copy the number from the previous equipment
Why is it useful for coded numbering to have parts that indicate specific characteristics of the equipment?
To decorate the label
So that anyone can obtain information about the equipment immediately
To increase the price of the equipment
To confuse suppliers
What is the main disadvantage of sequential numbering?
It is very complex
The assigned number does not provide information about the equipment
It requires special software
It is expensive
What is needed to effectively implement a barcode system?
Adhesives, barcode reader, and inventory management program
Only a spreadsheet
Only adhesive labels
Only the reader
What advantage does a computerized system linked to barcodes have?
It allows relating the identification number with all detailed information about the equipment
It prevents damage to the equipment
It reduces the need for personnel
It does not require adhesives
Which of the following is an example of a coded inventory number?
0001
01-XYZ-02
Barcode
Master list
What type of inventory requires periodic checks to ensure its good condition?
Workshop tools
Equipment
What type of inventory requires periodic checks to ensure its good condition?
Workshop tools
Safety equipment
Radioactive material
Industrial equipment
When is an inventory considered effective?
When it is visually appealing
When it is comprehensive and accurate
When it is expensive
When it only contains the main equipment
How often should a medical equipment inventory be updated?
Every five years
Only when new equipment is purchased
Whenever there are changes or new information, and during annual audits and examinations
Only when a piece of equipment breaks
What is the first stage of inventory management?
Annual audit
Information update
Initial data collection
Disposal of obsolete equipment
What does the initial data collection include?
List of hospital employees
Inventory of all existing medical equipment
Financial record of the hospital
Purchase of new equipment
What should be done every time new equipment is acquired by purchase or donation?
Use it immediately without registration
Enter it into the inventory before using it
Register only the type of equipment
Store it until the audit
What should be included in the inventory if equipment is leased or borrowed for an extended period?
Only if it exceeds 1 year of use
It must be incorporated into the inventory
It is not necessary to register it
Only the manufacturer is registered
What changes require updates in the inventory?
Change of location
Change of operational status
Software or firmware updates
All of the above
Who conducts the annual audit or review of the inventory?
Financial department
Clinical engineering department or responsible body
Administrative staff
Purchasing committee
What is the goal of the annual inventory review?
Decorate the hospital
Check that all information is correct and update it
Purchase new equipment
Reduce costs
What is done during the annual review, similar to the initial data collection?
Each department is visited and each piece of equipment is checked
Emails are sent to manufacturers
Obsolete equipment is destroyed
The physical space of the hospital is reorganized
What is one of the main functions of inventory as a tool in budget planning?
Decorate the workshop
Forecast fixed assets and calculate replacement needs
Only control personnel
Register office inventories
How does inventory help in the planning and equipping of a technical workshop?
Determining space, tools, and budget for maintenance and calibration
Only registers workshop employees
Purchases office equipment
Increases the complexity of maintenance
What information helps determine the necessary personnel for equipment maintenance?
Number of patients
Type and quantity of equipment and level of technical complexity
Hospital expenses
Service hours
What relationship exists between inventory and the determination of training needs?
None
It allows identifying deficiencies and planning technical and clinical training
It is only used for administrative training
It only serves for new employees
What does inventory allow to identify along with maintenance history and service orders?
Equipment malfunctions and misuse
Electricity expenses
Cleaning schedules
Patient location
The training derived from inventory can be directed to:
Technical and clinical staff
Only administrative staff
Only external suppliers
Only civil engineers
Who can the inventory report be directed to?
Technical and clinical staff
Only administrative staff
Only external suppliers
Only civil engineers
How does the inventory help in managing technical service contracts?
Determining which equipment requires external maintenance and necessary budget
Only for office equipment
Only for financial inventory
Has no relation
What type of equipment usually requires external suppliers for maintenance?
Very specialized or under warranty
Simple manual tools
Consumable materials
Office furniture
What constitutes the basis of an effective medical equipment management program?
User manual
Updated inventory
Only budget
Contracts with suppliers
How are inspection and maintenance intervals determined in a management program?
By purchase date
By initial risk analysis that includes all equipment in the inventory
At random
Only by the opinion of the manager
What can an inventory include beyond equipment subject to periodic maintenance?
Items for tracking, budgeting, and control
Only obsolete equipment
Office supplies
None
Why is it important to update the inventory of existing equipment?
To comply with legal standards and maintain accurate information
To increase operational costs
Only for external audits
To decorate the hospital
What allows planning the inventory in terms of future acquisitions?
Attention schedules
Purchase budget for new equipment based on useful life and depreciation
Only storage of spare parts
Patient location
How does the inventory help in standardizing equipment?
By identifying similar equipment and facilitating substitution and acquisition decisions
Decorating departments
Eliminating training needs
Has no impact
What utility does the inventory have in disaster or emergency situations?
Facilitates planning of necessary resources and equipment
Only serves for annual audits
Only for external hiring
Has no impact
What is needed to determine the needs for spare parts and consumable materials?
Financial record
Updated inventory with maintenance history
Only service contracts
Only previous orders
How does the inventory help in managing external technical service contracts?
Indicates which equipment needs service, frequency, and available budget
Only records suppliers
Only serves for internal equipment
Has no impact
What type of initial analysis is necessary to include equipment in a management program?
Cost evaluation
Risk analysis
Aesthetic evaluation
Staff opinion
What is an advantage of maintaining an updated inventory of equipment?
Improves decoration
Facilitates planning of maintenance, purchases, and training
Reduces costs without planning
Only serves for external audits
What determines the inclusion of equipment in the medical equipment management program?
Resources and specific needs of the center
Only the age of the equipment
Size of the hospital
Patient opinion
What can be anticipated with a well-managed inventory?
Only cleaning schedules
Fixed asset budgets, replacement needs, and expected useful life
Only future purchases of furniture
Only hiring of staff
What provides information for planning technical workshops?
Updated inventory with quantity, type of equipment, and calibration needs
Only financial record
Only spreadsheets
Only contracts
What allows personnel planning based on the inventory?
Determine how many engineers and technicians are needed and their capabilities
Determine number of doctors
Deter
Only for administrative staff
What does personnel planning allow based on inventory?
Determine how many engineers and technicians are needed and their capabilities
Determine the number of doctors
Determine the number of patients
Only serves for administrative planning
What aspect of inventory helps evaluate training deficiencies?
Only number of equipment
Maintenance history and service order records
Only location of equipment
Only age of equipment
What does inventory allow in relation to acquisitions and donations?
Determine acquisition and donation objectives
Determine only external purchases
Determine only required personnel
Only for audits
What utility does inventory have for budget planning?
Only calculates salaries
Helps foresee resources for purchasing equipment and repairs
Only for external maintenance
Only for workshop decoration
What aspect allows identifying necessary training for technical and clinical personnel?
Only number of employees
Misuse of equipment and recurring errors
Work schedules
Location of equipment
What helps decide if equipment should receive internal or external maintenance?
Size of the hospital
Inventory with risk analysis and technical complexity
Patient opinion
Only equipment age
What tool allows evaluating risks and planning mitigation?
Only service contracts
Updated and complete inventory
Only annual budget
Only location of equipment
What aspect of inventory facilitates planning for spare parts and consumables orders?
Number of patients
History of use and maintenance of equipment
Only physical location
Purchase contracts
How is inventory used to determine objectives for replacement and elimination?
Evaluating age, useful life, and condition of equipment
Only with staff opinions
Only with external suppliers
Only through audits
What does the evaluation of equipment in inventory allow regarding clinical training?
Determine which clinical staff needs training in new technologies
Only determine administrative needs
Only organize workshops
Only evaluate budget
Why is it essential for clinical professionals in small centers to receive training on inventories?
To operate equipment without manuals
To maintain and update inventory correctly
To reduce operating costs
Only for audits
What information from inventory allows for preparing external maintenance budgets?
Only number of equipment
Equipment requiring external maintenance, frequency, and estimated costs
Only signed contracts
Only location of equipment
How does inventory contribute to the standardization of equipment?
Identifying similar equipment and facilitating acquisition and replacement decisions
Only improves decoration
Only reduces training time
Only serves for administrative reports
What aspect allows for planning workshops and preventive maintenance?
Updated inventory with equipment, tools, and necessary budget
Only location of equipment
Only external contracts
Only spreadsheets
What utility does inventory have in personnel planning?
Determine number and qualification needed to maintain equipment
Only determine budget
Only calculate depreciation
Only for audits
What aspect of inventory allows managing donations?
Determine acquisition and donation objectives
Only register existing equipment
Only register maintenance
