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B 3.2 Structural Systems Application and Selection HL ONLY

Total questions: 76

Worksheet time: 39mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the primary purpose of structures in everyday products?

a)

To simplify the design process

b)

To reduce manufacturing costs

c)

To enhance aesthetic appeal

d)

To withstand various forces during use

2.

Which of the following is an example of tension?

a)

A bottle cap being twisted off

b)

Scissors cutting paper

c)

A chair's legs under weight

d)

A strap on a backpack being pulled

3.

What does FEA stand for in structural design?

a)

Functional Engineering Application

b)

Finite Energy Analysis

c)

Finite Element Analysis

d)

Force Element Assessment

4.

Which structural feature helps prevent a chair from wobbling?

a)

Foam inner layer

b)

Metal casing

c)

Triangular geometry

d)

Cross-braced legs

5.

What is Young's Modulus a measure of?

a)

Material stiffness

b)

Material density

c)

Material toughness

d)

Material flexibility

6.

What happens at the yield strength of a material?

a)

It deforms permanently

b)

It breaks completely

c)

It returns to its original shape

d)

It reaches maximum stress

7.

What is a common cause of structural failure?

a)

Overloading

b)

High safety factors

c)

Proper material choice

d)

Correct size and shape

8.

What does a steep slope on a stress-strain graph indicate?

a)

Weak material

b)

Stiff material

c)

Brittle material

d)

Flexible material

9.

What is a safety factor (SF)?

a)

A measure of material density

b)

A design principle to prevent failure

c)

A method for aesthetic evaluation

d)

A calculation for manufacturing time

10.

What does the ultimate strength of a material refer to?

a)

The point of elastic deformation

b)

The maximum stress before yielding

c)

The point of complete failure

d)

The maximum stress before permanent deformation

11.

What is the purpose of using CAD models in structural design?

a)

To create aesthetic designs

b)

To simplify the manufacturing process

c)

To visualize force applications

d)

To reduce material costs

12.

What is the effect of fatigue on structures?

a)

It improves durability

b)

It causes gradual weakening

c)

It enhances flexibility

d)

It strengthens the material

13.

What does a low safety factor indicate?

a)

High risk of failure

b)

Low material strength

c)

Low risk of failure

d)

High material strength

14.

What is the purpose of testing prototypes?

a)

To enhance aesthetic appeal

b)

To evaluate performance under conditions

c)

To simplify the design process

d)

To reduce manufacturing costs

15.

What is the significance of stress points in a structure?

a)

They simplify design

b)

They indicate aesthetic flaws

c)

They are areas likely to fail

d)

They enhance material strength

16.

What is the role of a hard outer shell in a helmet?

a)

To improve aesthetics

b)

To reduce weight

c)

To absorb and distribute impact

d)

To enhance comfort

17.

What is the purpose of using color-coded stress maps in FEA?

a)

To determine material properties

b)

To calculate manufacturing costs

c)

To indicate areas of stress

d)

To visualize aesthetic design

18.

What is a natural structure example?

a)

Cranes

b)

Buildings

c)

Honeycombs

d)

Bridges

19.

Which type of structure is made from a solid mass of material?

a)

Frame Structure

b)

Shell Structure

c)

Solid Structure

d)

Composite Structure

20.

What is the primary purpose of a structure?

a)

To be made from natural materials

b)

To be lightweight

c)

To support loads

d)

To look aesthetically pleasing

21.

Which type of load is the permanent weight of the structure itself?

a)

Dead Load

b)

Environmental Load

c)

Dynamic Load

d)

Live Load

22.

Which structure type is characterized by a thin outer surface?

a)

Frame Structure

b)

Shell Structure

c)

Composite Structure

d)

Solid Structure

23.

What happens when forces on a structure are unbalanced?

a)

The structure becomes lighter

b)

The structure becomes more efficient

c)

The structure may collapse

d)

The structure remains stable

24.

Which of the following is a feature of solid structures?

a)

Heavy and dense

b)

Lightweight

c)

Curved

d)

Hollow

25.

What is the purpose of a safety factor in structural design?

a)

To ensure stability

b)

To improve aesthetics

c)

To account for unpredictable loads

d)

To reduce costs

26.

Which type of force causes a material to stretch?

a)

Bending

b)

Tension

c)

Shear

d)

Compression

27.

What is the maximum stress a material can withstand called?

a)

Yield Strength

b)

Elastic Limit

c)

Ultimate Strength

d)

Fracture Point

28.

Which of the following is an example of a frame structure?

a)

A concrete wall

b)

An eggshell

c)

A car body

d)

A bicycle frame

29.

What is the primary function of columns in structures?

a)

To resist bending

b)

To distribute tension

c)

To carry compressive loads

d)

To provide aesthetic support

30.

What type of load includes natural forces like wind and rain?

a)

Static Load

b)

Dead Load

c)

Live Load

d)

Environmental Load

31.

Which material is known for its high Young's Modulus?

a)

Rubber

b)

Steel

c)

Foam

d)

Silicone

32.

What is the effect of using triangular shapes in structures?

a)

Reduces strength

b)

Provides stability

c)

Increases weight

d)

Decreases cost

33.

What is the term for the point where a material begins to deform permanently?

a)

Elastic Limit

b)

Ultimate Strength

c)

Yield Strength

d)

Fracture Point

34.

What is the primary reason for using composite materials?

a)

To reduce costs

b)

To combine the best qualities of materials

c)

To simplify manufacturing

d)

To increase weight

35.

What is the effect of stress concentration in structures?

a)

Decreases weight

b)

Increases stability

c)

Increases risk of failure

d)

Improves aesthetics

36.

What is the purpose of lamination in structural design?

a)

To reduce weight

b)

To increase strength

c)

To improve aesthetics

d)

To simplify construction

37.

What is the main characteristic of dynamic forces?

a)

They are constant over time

b)

They change in size or direction

c)

They are always predictable

d)

They only act on solid structures

38.

What is the main advantage of using steel in construction?

a)

It is inexpensive

b)

It has high tensile strength

c)

It is lightweight

d)

It is easy to mold

39.

What type of load is primarily caused by the weight of the structure itself?

a)

Live Load

b)

Dead Load

c)

Dynamic Load

d)

Environmental Load

40.

What is the purpose of reinforcement in concrete structures?

a)

To improve aesthetics

b)

To reduce weight

c)

To increase tensile strength

d)

To simplify construction

41.

How do you calculate the load capacity of a structural element?

a)

Calculate based solely on the element's length without considering other factors.

b)

Assume all materials have the same load capacity regardless of type.

c)

Calculate using material properties, geometry, and loading type with appropriate formulas.

d)

Use only the weight of the element to determine capacity.

42.

What type of bridge is this?

a)

Beam

b)

Cable-Stayed 

c)

Suspension 

d)

Arch 

43.

Which is the strongest shape used in engineering?

a)

Triangle

b)

Square

c)

Circle

d)

Rectangle

44.

What is torsion

a)

a squeezing force

b)

A twisting force

c)

a sliding force

d)

a pulling force

45.

These forces push on ends of members in a truss.

a)

tension

b)

compression

46.

What is tension?

a)

a sliding force

b)

a twisting force

c)

a squeezing force

d)

a pulling force

47.

What is compression?

a)

a sliding force

b)

a twisting force

c)

a squeezing force

d)

a pulling force

48.

What is shear?

a)

a sliding force

b)

a twisting force

c)

a squeezing force

d)

a pulling force

49.

What is a dead load?

a)

The weight of anything not permanently attached to the structure.

b)

Cars

c)

The weight of the structure.

d)

People

50.

The force that acts to expand or lengthen the object it is acting upon is called:

a)

gravity

b)

compression

c)

abutments

d)

tension

51.

What is the primary focus of conditions of equilibrium in structural systems?

a)

To analyze forces acting on a structure

b)

To determine the material properties

c)

To design aesthetic structures

d)

To calculate the cost of construction

52.

Which type of load includes the weight of people and their movable stuff?

a)

Dead load

b)

Live load

c)

Structural load

d)

Permanent load

53.

The diagram shows how the stress varies with strain for metal specimens X and Y which are different. Both specimens were stretched until they broke.


Which of the following is incorrect?

a)

X is stiffer than Y

b)

X has a higher value of the Young modulus

c)

X is more brittle than Y

d)

Y has a lower maximum tensile stress than X

54.

Material failure with little or no ductility.

a)

Brittleness

b)

Toughness

c)

Ductility

d)

Plasticity

55.
Which color curve represents the material with the most strength?
a)
red
b)
green
c)
blue
56.

Copper has been used in electrical wiring since the invention of the electromagnet and the telegraph in the 1820's. What property of solid best describe this material?

a)

Porosity

b)

Malleabilty

c)

Brittleness

d)

Ductility

57.

What is the definition of tensile strength

a)

Resistance to localized plastic deformation induced by either mechanical indentation or abrasion.

b)

The external force acting on an object or surface parallel to the slope or plane in which it lies

c)

Maximum load that a material can support without fracture when being stretched.

58.



(a)  

59.

Plastic Deformation is when a material...

a)

becomes temporarily deformed

b)

loses elastic potential energy

c)

becomes permanently deformed

d)

gains kinetic energy

60.

Elastic Deformation is when a material...

a)

becomes temporarily deformed

b)

loses elastic potential energy

c)

becomes permanently deformed

d)

gains kinetic energy

61.

The equation for stress is...

a)

σ=FA\sigma=\frac{F}{A}  

b)

σ=FA\sigma=FA  

c)

σ=Δxx\sigma=\frac{\Delta x}{x}  

d)

σ=ΔxA\sigma=\Delta xA  

62.

The gradient of the linear portion of a stress-strain graph is...

a)

The spring constant of the material

b)

The force per unit area

c)

The elastic strain energy per unit volume

d)

The Young's Modulus

63.

Which point on the graph best describes the yield point of this material?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

D

d)

E

64.

Which one of these materials is the most 'brittle'?

a)

Steel

b)

Glass

c)

Copper

65.

Which one of these materials is the most 'ductile'?

a)

Steel

b)

Glass

c)

Copper

66.

Which one of these materials is the strongest?

a)

Steel

b)

Glass

c)

Copper

67.

Tensile (a)   is a measure of how to material stretches

68.

The Young's Modulus is defined as...

a)

The gradient of a stress strain graph

b)

The energy required to stretch a material.

c)

Stress/Strain

d)

Force/Extension.

69.

Which class of materials has the greatest range of Stiffness?

a)

Polymers

b)

Metals and Alloys

c)

Wood and wood products

d)

Foams

70.

The ability of a material to deform under stress and then return to its original shape when the stress is removed is known as ....

a)

Plasticity

b)

Elasticity

c)

Ductility

d)

Brittleness

71.

What is material B?

a)

Plastic

b)

Cast iron

c)

Glass

d)

Titanium

72.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

73.

A sideways stress is also known as ---

a)

parallel modulus

b)

shearing force

c)

Young's modulus

d)

bulk modulus

74.

the breaking stress that will cause permanent deformation or fracture of a material

a)

materials constant

b)

directional strength

c)

tensile strength

d)

structural torque

75.

If the Young’s modulus of a material is high, the material is __________

a)

Very elastic

b)

Less elastic

c)

Brittle

d)

Plastic

76.

What is the yield point in materials?

a)

The point at which a material begins to deform plastically.

b)

The maximum stress a material can withstand without permanent deformation.

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