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Worksheets

Unit 2

Total questions: 250

Worksheet time: 3hrs 44mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

all organisms are made up of _____

a)

atoms

b)

cells

c)

protons

d)

molecules

2.

the cell is the _________ collection of matter that can live

a)

simplest

b)

complex

c)

biggest

3.

structure determines (a)  

4.

all cells are (a)   to their descent from earlier cells

5.

This microscope has visible light passing through the specimen and then through glass lenses

a)

Light Microscope

b)

Electron Microscope

6.

This microscope cannot resolve finer than 200nm (about 1000x the original size)

a)

Light Microscope

b)

Electron Microscope

7.

This microscope CAN observe living organisms

a)

Light Microscope

b)

Electron Microscope

8.

This microscope focuses a beam of electrons through a specimen or onto its surface

a)

Light Microscope

b)

Electron Microscope

9.

This microscope can only view dead material

a)

Light Microscope

b)

Electron Microscope

10.

How much more resolution does an Electron Microscope have compared to a Light Microscope

a)

100x

b)

10x

c)

1000x

d)

1x

11.

Which of the following is NOT a type of cell?

a)

eukaryotic animal cells

b)

eukaryotic plant cells

c)

prokaryotic bacteria

d)

prokaryotic plant cells

12.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of ALL cells

a)

surrounded by a plasma membrane

b)

have cytosol

c)

contain chromosomes which have genes in the form of DNA/RNA

d)

have ribosomes

e)

have a central vacuole

13.

tiny "organelles" that make proteins using instructions called genes

(a)  

14.

semi-fluid substance within the cell membrane

(a)  

15.

which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

a)

no nucleus - DNA is unbound in a region called the nucleoid

b)

no membrane bound organelles

c)

cell wall (types vary among organisms)

d)

bacteria are prokaryotic

e)

lysosomes and central vacuoles

16.

"pro" means

(a)  

17.

"karyo" means

(a)  

18.

Where is the DNA in a Eukaryotic Cell?

a)

they have DNA enclosed by a membrane called a nucleus

b)

they have unbound DNA located in the nucleoid

c)

they have no DNA

19.

"Eu" means

(a)  

20.

Which of the following is NOT an everyday task done by cells?

a)

build proteins

b)

energy

c)

make more cells

d)

All are correct

21.

(a)   are macromolecules that are used by organisms for multiple tasks.

22.

What completes these tasks within the cell?

  1. 1. building cell structures

  2. 2. transporting nutrients

  3. 3. enzymes speed up chemical reactions

  4. 4. hormones regulate functions of systems

  5. 5. defensive ones guard against infection

  6. 6. responsive ones communicate with other cells

a)

proteins

b)

ribosomes

c)

DNA/RNA

d)

phospholipids

23.

______ contains most of the genes in the eukaryotic cells

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosomes

c)

cytoplasm

d)

proteins

24.

What is the most conspicuous organelle?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosomes

c)

golgi body

d)

the cell itself

25.

the _______ __________ encloses the nucleus

(a)  

26.

Chromatin contains the (a)   of the cell

27.

The nucleus is like the "brain" of the cell. It does this by...

a)

controlling what proteins are made

b)

controlling what lipids are made

c)

taking water out of the cell

28.

(a)   builds rRNA and ribosomes

29.

(a)   has pores to allow mRNA to leave the nucleus and go to ribosomes

30.

(a)   are particles made of ribosomal RNA and proteins

31.

Ribosomes carry out __________ _______ according to the mRNA strand in two locations

a)

protein synthesis

b)

dehydration synthesis

c)

photosynthesis

d)

osmosis

32.

What are the two location ribosomes have protein synthesis?

a)

cytosol and rough ER

b)

cytosol and smooth ER

c)

golgi body and rough Er

d)

golgi body and smooth ER

33.

Which of the following indicated common ancestry between ALL cells?

a)

having ribosomes

b)

having golgi body

c)

having cell walls

d)

having mitochondria

34.

What is the MOST IMPORTANT concept Mrs. Silvesti told us to write down?

(Hint: she literally made us write 'most important concept' next to it)

(a)  

35.

What is the central dogma of molecular biology diagram-ish thing?

a)

DNA--->RNA--->proteins

b)

proteins--->RNA--->DNA

c)

RNA--->DNA--->proteins

d)

RNA--->proteins--->DNA

36.

(a)   controls the production of proteins in a series of steps that begins in the nucleus and ends at the ribosomes

37.

___1___do the work of the cell, ___2___ directs which proteins are made, and ___3___ build the proteins

a)

  1. 1. proteins

  2. 2. DNA

  3. 3. ribosomes

b)

  1. 1. DNA

  2. 2. ribosomes

  3. 3. proteins

c)

  1. 1. ribosomes

  2. 2. DNA

  3. 3. proteins

38.

Which of the following is not one of the things cells need energy for?

a)

take in nutrients and oxygen

b)

build cell structures

c)

remove wastes

d)

make ATP

e)

take in carbon dioxide

39.

Which of the following is not an organelle that either obtains, stores, or releases energy?

a)

ER and Golgi body

b)

plasma membrane

c)

lysosomes

d)

mitochondria and chloroplast

e)

ribosome

40.

Which of the following is not part of the endomembrane system?

a)

nuclear envelope and plasma membrane

b)

ER and golgi apparatus

c)

lysosomes

d)

vacuoles

e)

chloroplast and mitochondria

41.

The (a)   is an intricate network of membranes that start at the nuclear membrane and continue throughout the cell to the plasma membrane

42.

The _______ ER has no ribosomes attached

a)

smooth

b)

rough

c)

none

d)

both

43.

This ER makes lipids.

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

44.

This ER metabolizes carbohydrates.

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

45.

This ER detoxifies poisons.

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

46.

This ER stores calcium.

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

47.

This ER is where protein synthesis occurs.

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

48.

This ER distributes proteins in vesicles and aids in intracellular transport.

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

49.

This ER makes membranes and compartmentalizes for the cell

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

50.

The _____ _____ is a complex of flattened sacs of membranes

(a)  

51.

The flatten sacs of membranes in the golgi body are called...

(a)  

52.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the golgi body?

a)

modifies proteins of the ER

b)

aids in folding and chemical modification of newly synthesized proteins

c)

manufactures certain macromolecules

d)

sorts and packages materials (proteins) into transport vesicle

e)

gets rid of the nonfunctioning proteins

53.

"lysis" means

a)

to split

b)

inside

c)

to make

d)

to disappear

54.

(a)   are sacs of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest large molecules

55.

Which of the following can lysosomes NOT digest?

a)

proteins

b)

fats

c)

polysaccharides

d)

nucleic acids

e)

none of the above

56.

This organelle recycles the cell's organic material

a)

lysosome

b)

golgi body

c)

vesicle

d)

round ER

57.

This organelle aids in apoptosis

a)

lysosome

b)

golgi body

c)

vesicle

d)

round ER

58.

(a)   : programmed cell death

59.

some types of cells can engulf another cell by ___________ (this forms a food vacuole)

a)

phagopcytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

autophagy

60.

when the lysosomes digest damaged organelles its called.....

a)

phagopcytosis

b)

pinocytosis

c)

autophagy

61.

lysosomal enzymes work best at pH _?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

62.

True of False?
the lysosomes make their own enzymes.

a)

T

b)

F

63.

Why does the pH have to stay at 5?

a)

so the transport proteins in the membrane can pump in H+ ions

b)

so the transport proteins can pump out H+ ions

c)

so the transport proteins can pump in oxygen

d)

so the transport proteins can pump out oxygen

64.

if the pH scale is < 7 then its _____?

a)

acidic

b)

neutral

c)

basic

65.

if the pH scale is = 7 then its _____?

a)

acidic

b)

neutral

c)

basic

66.

if the pH scale is > 7 then its _____?

a)

acidic

b)

neutral

c)

basic

67.

the more H+ ions the more ______ it is.

a)

acidic

b)

basic

c)

neutral

68.

the less H+ ions the more ______ it is.

a)

acidic

b)

basic

c)

neutral

69.

When a cell needs to die, (a)   can be used to kill cells when they are supposed to be destroyed.

70.

True or False?

some cells have to die for proper development in an organism

a)

T

b)

F

71.

" (a)   " is the auto-destruct process - lysosomes will break open and kill the cell

72.

lysosomal diseases are often....?

a)

fatal

b)

non fatal

c)

curable

73.

True or False?

the enzymes in the lysosomes may be defective... if so, when the lysosomes take in macro-molecules, they may not get digested properly. Undigested material builds up and lysosomes get larger and larger, eventually disrupting cells and organs

a)

T

b)

F

74.

(a)   are membrane-bound organelles whose functions vary - but most are used for storage of materials

75.

food vacuoles are formed by (a)   then stored food will be broken down by lysosomes

76.

the ________ ________ of plant cells develops from smaller vacuoles that come from the ER and Golgi Body

(a)  

77.

this organelle in plants stores proteins, sugars, ions, and water. some may contain pigments to give color to flowers

(a)  

78.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of central vacuole?

a)

may contain poisonous substances that keep the plant from being eaten

b)

aid in the retention of water for turgor pressure

c)

membrane around the central vacuole

d)

pump out water to keep the cell from bursting

79.

(a)   is the membrane around the central vacuole

80.

protists are _____-water single-celled organisms, they live in an environment that causes water to constantly diffuse into their body. This could cause swelling and death.

a)

fresh

b)

salt

81.

contracticle vacuoles continuously (a)   water out of the cell

82.

Which organelle's are in charge of making ATP (energy)?

a)

mitochondria, chloroplast

b)

golgi body, mitochondria

c)

mitochondria, lysosomes

d)

chloroplast, lysosomes

83.

__________ is where cell respiration occurs

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

lysosomes

d)

golgi body

84.

__________ is where cell photosynthesis occurs

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

lysosomes

d)

golgi body

85.

In the mitochondria, _______ energy stored in sugars is converted to ATP

a)

chemical

b)

solar

c)

physical

d)

gas

86.

In the chloroplasts, _______ energy stored in sugars is converted to ATP

a)

chemical

b)

solar

c)

physical

d)

gas

87.

the mitochondria has 2 membranes. Which of the following isn't true about the inner membrane?

a)

the inner membrane is folded to increase surface area

b)

the greater the surface area the greater the ATP production

c)

provides compartments for metabolic reactions

d)

double the protection for the lipids within the mitochondria

88.

the Kreb's cycle occurs in which organelle?

a)

mitochondria

b)

chloroplast

c)

golgi body

d)

Rough ER

89.

(a)   is also referred to as the citric acid cycle

90.

the krebs cycle occurs specifically in

a)

the inner membrane of the mitochondria

b)

the matrix of the mitochondria

91.

Electron transport and ATP synthesis occurs specifically in

a)

the inner membrane of the mitochondria

b)

the matrix of the mitochondria

92.

What kind of cells in the body have the MOST mitochondrias?

a)

heart/muscle

b)

lungs

c)

brain

d)

bone/hair

93.

In a chloroplast, (a)   are arranged into stacks called grana

94.

In a chloroplast, (a)   is the fluid within the inner chloroplast membrane

95.

mitochondria and chloroplasts have _ membranes

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

5

96.

membranes in the chloroplast contain...

a)

chlorophyll pigments and electron transport proteins

b)

lipids and proteins

c)

chlorophyll and lipoproteins

97.

the chloroplast membranes contain chlorophyll pigments and electron transport proteins that comprise the photosystems....?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

1 and 2

d)

none

98.

Carbon fixation reactions is also known as

(a)  

99.

the carbon fixation reactions (calvin-benson cycle) occur is in the...?

a)

stroma

b)

grana

c)

thylakoid

100.

the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur is in the...?

a)

stroma

b)

grana

c)

thylakoid

101.

Which of the following is not a similar characteristic mitochondria and chloroplasts share?

a)

both make ATP

b)

both are semi-autonomous organelle (they can move)

c)

both have their own DNA/ribosomes

d)

both have double membranes

e)

both go through the krebs cycle and electron transport

102.

the theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once independent free-living single celled organisms, that were engulfed by a lager eukaryotic cell. Instead of being digested, they formed a SYMBIOTIC relationship with the larger cell

(a)  

103.

(a)   is a specialized metabolic compartment that contain special enzymes that remove hydrogen from various substances to break down H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide)

104.

organelles create (a)   as a byproduct of many of the reactions in a cell

105.

H2O2 is toxic.

So the peroxisomes have a ___________ that will break it down

a)

enzyme catalase

b)

protein

c)

lipid

d)

lysosome

106.

Which of the following is not involved in organizing the cell so that it can divide?

a)

cytoskeleton

b)

centrioles (in animal cells)

c)

cytoplasm

107.

(a)   is a network of fibers that organizes structures and activities in a cell

108.

the cytoskeleton gives the cell....?

a)

shape

b)

support

c)

shape and support

109.

the cytoskeleton (a)   the other organelles

110.

True or False?

The cytoskeleton can be quickly dismantled in one part of the cell, then reassembled in a new location, changing the shape of the cell.

a)

T

b)

F

111.

which of the following is not a component of the cytoskeleton?

a)

microtubules

b)

microfilaments

c)

intermediate filaments

d)

none of the above

112.

Microtubules

a)

hollow tubes made of Tubulin

b)

tiny thread-like fibers made of 2 intertwined strands of actin

c)

made of fibrous proteins supercoiled into thicker cables

113.

Microfilaments

a)

hollow tubes made of Tubulin

b)

tiny thread-like fibers made of 2 intertwined strands of actin

c)

made of fibrous proteins supercoiled into thicker cables

114.

Intermediate Filaments

a)

hollow tubes made of Tubulin

b)

tiny thread-like fibers made of 2 intertwined strands of actin

c)

made of fibrous proteins supercoiled into thicker cables

115.

Microtubules function:

a)

maintain cell shape, cell mobility (cilia/flagella), chromosome movement in cell division, organelle movement

b)

maintain cell shape, changes in cell shape, muscle contraction, cytoplasmic streaming, cell mobility (pseudopodia), and cell division (cleavage furrow formation)

c)

maintenance of cell shape, anchoring nucleus and certain organelles

116.

Microfilaments function:

a)

maintain cell shape, cell mobility (cilia/flagella), chromosome movement in cell division, organelle movement

b)

maintain cell shape, changes in cell shape, muscle contraction, cytoplasmic streaming, cell mobility (pseudopodia), and cell division (cleavage furrow formation)

c)

maintenance of cell shape, anchoring nucleus and certain organelles

117.

Microfilaments function:

a)

maintain cell shape, cell mobility (cilia/flagella), chromosome movement in cell division, organelle movement

b)

maintain cell shape, changes in cell shape, muscle contraction, cytoplasmic streaming, cell mobility (pseudopodia), and cell division (cleavage furrow formation)

c)

maintenance of cell shape, anchoring nucleus and certain organelles

118.

Intermediate Filaments function:

a)

maintain cell shape, cell mobility (cilia/flagella), chromosome movement in cell division, organelle movement

b)

maintain cell shape, changes in cell shape, muscle contraction, cytoplasmic streaming, cell mobility (pseudopodia), and cell division (cleavage furrow formation)

c)

maintenance of cell shape, anchoring nucleus and certain organelles

119.

In animal cells, _______ grow out from a centrosome which is located near the nucleus

a)

microtubules

b)

microfilaments

c)

intermediate filaments

120.

within the centrosome is a pair of centrioles, each made of _ sets of triplet microtubules

a)

1

b)

3

c)

5

d)

9

121.

cilia

a)

hair like extensions of certain cells that enable the cell to more ore move fluid across the surface of a cell

b)

long, singular, tail like extensions that enable certain cells to move

122.

flagella

a)

hair like extensions of certain cells that enable the cell to more ore move fluid across the surface of a cell

b)

long, singular, tail like extensions that enable certain cells to move

123.

Which of the following are made of microtubules?

a)

cilia

b)

flagella

c)

cilia and flagella

d)

neither

124.

the cell wall is made of mostly....?

a)

microtubules

b)

cellulose

c)

microtubules and cellulose

d)

proteins

125.

(a)   protects the plant cell, maintains its shape, and prevents excess uptake of water

126.

a young plant first secretes a relatively thin and flexible cell wall called the ______ cell wall

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

first

d)

juvenile

127.

Between primary cell walls of adjacent cells is the middle (a)   .

128.

Between primary cell walls of adjacent cells is the middle lamela, a thin layer rich in sticky polysaccharides called (a)   .

129.

some cells will add a _________ cell wall outside the primary cell wall. Wood is usually this kind of cell wall.

a)

primary

b)

secondary

c)

first

d)

plasma

130.

plant cell walls held together by (a)   .

131.

the rigid cell wall of plants is made of fibrils of cellulose embedded in a matrix of several other kinds of polymers such as ______ and _______

a)

pectin and lignin

b)

proteins and lipids

c)

cell membrane and plasma membrane

132.

True or False?

each plant cell is enclosed within a box

a)

T

b)

F

133.

primary cell walls are perforated, permitting plasmodesmata to connect adjacent cells

true or falsE?

a)

T

b)

F

134.

animal cells do not have cell walls, but they do have an elaborate __________ _______

(a)  

135.

which of the following is not one of the main ingredients of the extracellular matrix is

a)

glycoproteins

b)

collagen (the most abundant)

c)

lipoproteins

136.

(a)   are proteins with many carbohydrate chains attached

137.

(a)   are proteins embedded in the cell membrane that attach to the extra matrix

138.

having organelles to move materials around allows eukaryotic cells to be _____ than prokaryotic cells

a)

larger

b)

smaller

139.

cells being small is ______?

a)

good

b)

bad

c)

okay

d)

the worst possible thing to ever happen

140.

True or False?

smaller cells typically have a higher surface area to volume ratio and more efficient exchange of materials with the environment

a)

T

b)

F

141.

As the surface area increases by a factor of ___, the volume increases by a factor of ___.

a)

  1. 1. n^2

  2. 2.n^3

b)

  1. 1. n^3

  2. 2. n^2

c)

  1. 1. n^3

  2. 2. n^4

142.

Which of the following is not a reason cells are not big.

a)

would require too many resources

b)

can't eliminate waste efficiently

c)

can't acquire or dissipate heat energy quickly

d)

can't exchange materials with the environment

e)

cant go through mitosis

143.

(a)   is when one some substances can cross

144.

the permeability of the membrane is a direct __________ of membrane structure

a)

consequence

b)

sequence

c)

effect

145.

phosphate head is

a)

hydrophilic

b)

hydrophobic

146.

fatty acid tails are

a)

hydrophilic

b)

hydrophobic

147.

phospholipids are arranged as a

(a)  

148.

phospholipid bilayer serves as a _______.

a)

barrier

b)

gate

c)

guard

149.

(a)   is known as hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions

150.

phospholipids are able to switch/flip places with other phospholipids ________

a)

laterally

b)

vertically

c)

horizontally

d)

laterally and vertically

e)

vertically and horizontally

151.

____ __________ separates living cell from aqueous environment

(a)  

152.

Cell membrane ----> thin barrier which is _nm thick

a)

2

b)

4

c)

6

d)

8

153.

____ _________ controls traffic in and out of the cell

(a)  

154.

hydrophobic =

a)

nonpolar

b)

polar

155.

hydrophilic

a)

nonpolar

b)

polar

156.

cell membrane becomes semi- (a)   via protein channels

157.

specific channels allow (a)   materials across the cell membrane

158.

cell membrane is more than just lipids.... ___________ _______ are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.

This creates semi-permeable channels

(a)  

159.

Membrane proteins determine membrane's specific (a)  

160.

peripheral proteins

a)

  1. 1. cell membrane protein

  2. 2. loosely bound to surface of membrane

  3. 3. ex: antigen

b)

  1. 1. penetrate lipid bilayer, usually across whole membrane

c)

  1. 1. transport proteins (channels)

161.

Integral proteins

a)

  1. 1. cell membrane protein

  2. 2. loosely bound to surface of membrane

  3. 3. ex: antigen

b)

  1. 1. penetrate lipid bilayer, usually across whole membrane

c)

  1. 1. transport proteins (channels)

162.

transmembrane proteins

a)

  1. 1. cell membrane protein

  2. 2. loosely bound to surface of membrane

  3. 3. ex: antigen

b)

  1. 1. penetrate lipid bilayer, usually across whole membrane

c)

  1. 1. transport proteins (channels)

163.

a protein's domain (a)   a molecule

164.

When the protein is within the membrane the domain

a)

nonpolar amino acids = hydrophobic --- anchors protein into membrane

b)

polar amino acids = hydrophilic --- extend into extracellular fluid and into cytosol

165.

When the protein is on the outer surface of the membrane in the fluid, the domain

a)

nonpolar amino acids = hydrophobic --- anchors protein into membrane

b)

polar amino acids = hydrophilic --- extend into extracellular fluid and into cytosol

166.

(a)   allows a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane freely.

Example: Cystic fibrosis, an inherited disorder, is caused by a faulty chloride channel and a thick mucus collects in airways and in pancreatic and liver cells

167.

(a)   : selectively interacts with a specific molecule or ion so that it can cross the plasma membrane. Example: The inability of some persons to use energy for sodium-potassium transport has been suggested the cause of their obesity

168.

(a)   : the MHC (major histocompatibility complex) glycoproteins are different for each person, so organ transplant are difficult to achieve. Cells with foreign MHC glycoproteins are attacked by blood cells responsible for immunity

169.

(a)   : is shaped in a way that a specific molecule can bind to it. Pygmies are short, not because they do not produce enough growth hormone but because their plasma membrane growth hormone receptors are faulty and cannot interact with growth hormone

170.

(a)   : catalyzes a specific reaction. The membrane protein, adenylate cyclase, is involved in ATP metabolism. Cholera bacteria release a toxin that interferes with the proper functioning of adenylate cyclase; sodium ions and water leave intestinal cell and the individual dies from severe diareeha.

171.

membrane carbohydrates play a key role in

(a)  

172.

Which of the following is either not a characteristic or function of cell to cell recognition?

a)

ability of a cell to distinguish one cell from another

b)

allows cells to stick to each other (adhesion)

c)

important in organ and tissue development / basis for rejection of foreign cells by immune system

d)

glycoproteins & glycolipids

e)

allows to stick to surface (cohesion)

173.

cells will ____ with membrane carbs

a)

talk

b)

kill

c)

join

d)

love

174.

membrane ______ may be covalently bonded to glycolipids or to glycoproteins

a)

carbs

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

175.

"glyco" means

a)

carb

b)

protein

c)

lipid

d)

nucleic acid

176.

(a)   modifies fluidity

177.

Cholesterol controls fluidity of a cell. If the cell is in a high temperature cholesterol will _______ the cell membrane to prevent it from melting

a)

stiffen

b)

make more fluid

178.

Cholesterol controls fluidity of a cell. If the cell is in a low temperature cholesterol will _______ the cell membrane to prevent it from freezing

a)

stiffen

b)

make more fluid

179.

Extracellular Matrix is found in _______ cells

a)

animals

b)

plants

c)

animal and plant

d)

prokaryotic

180.

__________ _______ is the area between animal cells

(a)  

181.

Which of the following is not contained in the extracellular matrix

a)

protein fibers

b)

complex cars

c)

phospholipids

182.

What assists in communication between cells

(a)  

183.

what provides structural boundry in plant cells

(a)  

184.

Plant cell walls are made of

a)

complex card : cellulose

b)

complex carb : chitin

c)

peptidoglycan

185.

Fungi cell walls are made of

a)

complex card : cellulose

b)

complex carb : chitin

c)

peptidoglycan

186.

bacteria cell walls are made of

a)

complex card : cellulose

b)

complex carb : chitin

c)

peptidoglycan

187.

In order for cells to transport materials in and out, the materials must pass through the (a)   ?

188.

Talking about the cell membrane, small nonpolar molecules can _________

a)

easily pass through the membrane

b)

move through embedded channels and transport proteins

189.

Talking about the cell membrane, large polar molecules and ions can _________

a)

easily pass through the membrane

b)

move through embedded channels and transport proteins

190.

Talking about the cell membrane, small polar uncharged molecules can _________

a)

easily pass through the membrane

b)

move through embedded channels and transport proteins

c)

pass through the membrane in small amounts

191.

Homeostasis =

(a)  

192.

Which of the following characteristics does Passive Transport have?

a)

does not use energy

b)

does use energy

193.

Which of the following characteristics does Active Transport have?

a)

does not use energy

b)

does use energy

194.

Which of the following characteristics does Passive Transport have?

a)

materials are going from an area with high concentration to low concentration

b)

materials are moving from an area of low concentration to high concentration

195.

Which of the following characteristics does Active Transport have?

a)

materials are going from an area with high concentration to low concentration

b)

materials are moving from an area of low concentration to high concentration

196.

Which type of transport plays a primary role in the import of materials and export of waste

a)

Active

b)

Passive

197.

diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis are all examples of

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

198.

protein pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis are all examples of

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

199.

the movement of molecules from one side of a membrane to another

(a)  

200.

T or F?

The 2nd law of Thermodynamics governs biological sytsems

a)

T

b)

F

201.

the universe tends towards disorder (a)   also known as?

202.

Which of the following is not a rate of faster diffusion

a)

Energy heat/stirring helps particles diffuse faster

b)

concentration: the amount of something dictated the speed of diffusion

c)

size of particles: ground sugar will diffuse faster than a sugar cube

d)

type of membrane

e)

freezing slows down diffusion

203.

the passive movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration with the help of a carrier protein

(a)  

204.

large quantities of water pass through (a)  

205.

membrane channels move ______ molecules across the cell membrane

a)

specific

b)

big

c)

small

d)

PINK

206.

uses energy (ATP) to move molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

207.

__________ is used to establish and maintain concentration gradients

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

208.

__________ requires membrane proteins

a)

Active Transport

b)

Passive Transport

209.

2 different molecules pumped in opposite directions across the membrane

a)

Antiport

b)

Symport

210.

2 different molecules pumped in the same directions across the membrane

a)

Antiport

b)

Symport

211.

Which of the following is not a form of Active Transport?

a)

Sodium Potassium Pump

b)

endocytosis

c)

exocytosis

d)

facilitated diffusion

212.

Na+ / K+ ATPase

a)

sodium potassium pump

b)

endocytosis

c)

exocytosis

213.

what are particles called that have any type of charge?

(a)  

214.

The sodium potassium pump pumps Na+ and K+ _________ their concentration gradient simultaneously.

a)

against

b)

with

215.

How many Na+ are pumped out?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

216.

How many K+ are pumped in?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

217.

Which of the following forms of Active Transport is used in the function of nerve and muscle cells (action potential) and contributed to the maintenance of membrane potential?

a)

endocytosis

b)

exocytosis

c)

sodium potassium pump

218.

the engulfing of large molecules into the cell using energy

a)

exocytosis

b)

endocytosis

c)

sodium potassium pump

219.

the movement of large particles out of the cell

a)

exocytosis

b)

endocytosis

c)

sodium potassium pump

220.

Endocytosis:

the cell takes in macromolecules and particulate matter by forming new vesicles derived from the

a)

plasma membrane

b)

mitochondria

c)

lysosome

d)

golgi body

221.

Exocytosis:

internal vesicles fuse with the ___________ and move large macromolecules out of the cell

a)

plasma membrane

b)

mitochondria

c)

lysosome

d)

golgi body

222.

Engulfing particles (eating)

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

223.

engulfing liquid (drinking)

a)

phagocytosis

b)

pinocytosis

224.

endocytosis that is triggered by the reception of a ligand on the cell surface

(a)  

225.

ligand

a)

messenger protein

b)

messenger molecule

c)

carrier protein

d)

carrier molecule

226.

the diffusion of water ONLY

(a)  

227.

water moves into and out of the cell through channels called (a)  

228.

water moves into and out of the cell through channels called aquaporins. this is because phospholipid tails are hydrophobic and water has trouble moving through the cell membrane on its own

a)

IF YOU READ THE FOLLOWING CLICK THIS ONE

b)

I DID NOT READ THE FOLLOWING I WILL NOT CLICK THIS ONE

229.

refers to the solute concentration in and out of the cell - water will move tow here there are more solutes

(a)  

230.

solute concentration is greater inside the cell than outside of the cell -

water will move into the cell

a)

hypotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

isotonic

231.

solute concentration is greater outside of the cell rather than inside of the cell -

water will move outside

a)

hypotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

isotonic

232.

solute concentration inside and outside of the cell are equal -

there is no water movement

a)

hypotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

isotonic

233.

the bursting of an animal cell

a)

cytolysis

b)

plasmolysis

c)

decrease in turgor pressure

234.

shrinking of the cell wall

a)

cytolysis

b)

plasmolysis

c)

decrease in turgor pressure

235.

hypotonic results:

a)

  1. 1. cytolysis

  2. 2. increase in turgor pressure

b)

  1. 1. shrinking of the cell (animal)

  2. 2. plasmolysis

  3. 3. decrease in turgor pressure

c)

equilibrium

236.

hypertonic results:

a)

  1. 1. cytolysis

  2. 2. increase in turgor pressure

b)

  1. 1. shrinking of the cell (animal)

  2. 2. plasmolysis

  3. 3. decrease in turgor pressure

c)

equilibrium

237.

isotonic results:

a)

  1. 1. cytolysis

  2. 2. increase in turgor pressure

b)

  1. 1. shrinking of the cell (animal)

  2. 2. plasmolysis

  3. 3. decrease in turgor pressure

c)

equilibrium

238.

Managing Water Balance!!!

ANIMAL CELLS

  • - a cell in fresh water

  • - high concentration of water around the cell

  • -problem: cell gains water----> cell bursts

  • - ex: paramecium

  • - solution: contractile vacuole

  • PLANT CELLS

  • -turgid

  • -cell wall protects from bursting

  • -happy

a)

hypotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

isotonic

239.

Managing Water Balance!!!

  • ANIMAL CELLS

  • - a cell in salt water

  • - low concentration of water around the cell

  • - problem: cell loses water and can die

  • - ex: shellfish

  • - solution: take up water or pump in salt

  • PLANT CELLS

  • - plasmolysis

  • -can recover

a)

hypotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

isotonic

240.

Managing Water Balance!!!

  • - no difference in concentration of water in cell and the environment

  • - problem: none

  • -ex: blood cells in blood plasma

a)

hypotonic

b)

hypertonic

c)

isotonic

241.

what protects our cells that make up our skin from swelling/bursting when swimming or showering?

(a)  

242.

the tendency of water to leave one place in favor of another

(a)  

243.

Water always moves from an area of ___1___ water potential to an area of ___2____ water potential

a)

  1. 1. higher

  2. 2. lower

b)

  1. 1. lower

  2. 2. higher

244.

Which of the following is NOT a factor water potential is affected by?

a)

pressure

b)

temperature

c)

the amount of solute

d)

the color of the solution

245.

water will move from the area of high pressure to the area of low pressure - in a plant cell, pressure exerted by the rigid cell wall that limits further water uptake

a)

pressure potential

b)

solute potential

c)

water potential

d)

temperature potential

246.

water will move from the area of high solute potential to the area of low solute potential -

the effect of solute concentration. Pure water at atmospheric pressure has a solute potential of 0. As the solute is added, the value for solute potential becomes more negative. this causes water potential to decrease also. In sum, as solute is added, the water potential of a solute drops and water will tend to move into the solution.

a)

pressure potential

b)

solute potential

c)

water potential

d)

temperature potential

247.

-i

a)

ionization constant (usually 1-2)

b)

pressure constant (0.0831)

c)

temperature (kelvin)

d)

molar concentration of solute

248.

C

a)

ionization constant (usually 1-2)

b)

pressure constant (0.0831)

c)

temperature (kelvin)

d)

molar concentration of solute

249.

R

a)

ionization constant (usually 1-2)

b)

pressure constant (0.0831)

c)

temperature (kelvin)

d)

molar concentration of solute

250.

T

a)

ionization constant (usually 1-2)

b)

pressure constant (0.0831)

c)

temperature (kelvin)

d)

molar concentration of solute

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9th - 11th Grade