WorksheetsSpecial Major Exam (NCM 113 Lec) Prelims
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 2hrs 45mins
Which field of community health nursing deals with school-based health programs, student immunizations, and health screenings?
Geriatric Nursing
School Health Nursing
Public Health Nursing
Occupational Health Nursing
Which of the following best describes the philosophy of Community Health Nursing according to Maglaya?
Illness is inevitable and natural
Hospitals are the main centers for wellness
Individual autonomy is absolute over community
Health is a right and responsibility of all
A nurse providing prenatal classes is acting primarily in which role?
Advocate
Clinician
Educator
Researcher
The nurse finds that maternal mortality in a province is still high despite improved hospital facilities. Which intervention best applies health statistics to reduce MMR?
Wait for updated PSA reports before acting
Strengthen family planning and prenatal care programs at the community level
Focus only on tertiary hospitals in the city
Exclude midwives from maternal health services
The nurse compares two barangays: Barangay A has good sanitation but high alcohol consumption, while Barangay B has poor sanitation but low substance abuse. Both have high disease rates. Which conclusion is most accurate?
Both lifestyle and environmental determinants affect community health
Only sanitation determines health outcomes
Alcohol has no influence on health
Sanitation is less important than behavior
The nurse analyzes two provinces: Province A has a Crude Birth Rate of 35/1,000, while Province B has 20/1,000. However, Province B has higher maternal deaths. Which is the most likely interpretation?
Crude Birth Rate and Maternal Mortality are unrelated
Province A probably has poor reporting systems
Higher fertility always leads to higher maternal mortality
Province B may have weaker maternal health programs
During a community diagnosis, the nurse discovers that the barangay has high cases of diarrhea, low immunization rates, and poor garbage disposal. If you were a nurse, which priority community health nursing plan would you create?
Focus on curative management at the nearest hospital
Create a project to provide free medicines only
Establish a program integrating sanitation, immunization, and health education
Develop a training program exclusively for midwives
A barangay introduced a physical activity campaign to reduce obesity. After 6 months: - Participation was high. - Many families reported improved exercise habits. - Yet, obesity rates dropped only slightly because residents continued eating fast food frequently. Which is the best conclusion?
Exercise interventions were ineffective
Dietary behavior should also be addressed along with exercise
Fast-food intake has no relation to obesity
Obesity reduction is impossible in this setting
When comparing two communities, the nurse finds one has a higher crude death rate but a younger population overall. This suggests:
The younger community has poor sanitation
Crude rates may be misleading without considering population structure
The younger community has better access to health care
The older community has no health programs
In a remote sitio, children show low school attendance due to frequent respiratory illnesses. As a CHN, your best action is to:
Focus on adult literacy programs
Assign children to work to help families earn income
Recommend hospitalization of sick children
Conduct a health education program on indoor pollution and ventilation
A new CHN is assigned to Barangay Maligaya. During her first week, she notices that the health programs are fragmented: one for maternal care, another for sanitation, another for immunization—each run separately by different NGOs. As a result, families feel confused about where to go. What is the most significant CHN principle being violated?
Accessibility of health facilities
Equitable distribution of health care
Integration of health services
Community participation
A school nurse notes that Grade 5 students have high rates of anemia despite deworming programs. Further assessment reveals poor diet at home. What is the nurse’s best conclusion?
School programs are useless
Malnutrition is mainly due to socioeconomic factors at home
Deworming should be stopped
Teachers are not implementing health policies
A nurse explains that Community Health Nursing (CHN) differs from hospital-based nursing in that it primarily emphasizes:
Family-centered and community-oriented care
Individual curative care
Hospital admission and discharge processes
Rehabilitation of post-operative patients
During a community survey, families in an urban slum report frequent respiratory infections due to poor air quality and overcrowding. This illustrates:
Purely individual health behaviors
The effect of health service delivery
The influence of environmental determinants on health
The impact of genetic predisposition
A newly graduated nurse is assigned to a rural health unit. To promote continuity of care, the nurse’s first step should be to:
Start distributing medicines to families
Focus on hospital referrals for serious cases
Implement health teachings based on textbooks
Conduct a community diagnosis with the RHU team
A nurse observes that although families attend nutrition classes, malnutrition rates remain high. Upon home visits, he discovers families cannot afford protein-rich foods. What does this situation highlight?
Poor implementation of health teaching
Need for more posters and lectures
Socioeconomic barriers limiting behavior change
Lack of knowledge about nutrition
A nurse in the manager role initiated a barangay-wide immunization campaign. After 3 months: - Immunization coverage increased from 60% to 92%. - No outbreaks of measles were reported. What is the best evaluation of the nurse’s managerial effectiveness?
Ineffective because only short-term outcomes were assessed
Ineffective since measles cases may return in the future
Partially effective since some children were still unvaccinated
Effective since target coverage was achieved and disease outbreaks prevented
The number of live births per 1,000 population in a given year refers to:
Crude Birth Rate
General Fertility Rate
Neonatal Mortality Rate
Maternal Mortality Rate
A family in the barangay frequently suffers from diarrhea due to contaminated water supply. Which intervention addresses the most immediate determinant of health?
Launching a health lecture about handwashing
Providing safe and clean water supply
Conducting deworming for children
Initiating feeding programs for malnourished kids
A nurse compares mortality data: Barangay X has an Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) of 25/1,000, while Barangay Y has 15/1,000. However, Barangay X has better hospital facilities. What is the best explanation?
Hospitals are the most effective tool for lowering IMR
Hospital facilities alone cannot reduce IMR without preventive services
IMR is unrelated to maternal services
Barangay Y probably underreported infant deaths
The RHU reports high maternal mortality but incomplete health data. As the CHN, what strategy would you design to improve maternal health statistics?
Collect hospital records only
Focus on infant deaths instead
Establish a community-based reporting and surveillance system involving BHWs
Wait for PSA national reports
A nurse finds that a barangay with high rates of malnutrition also has low educational attainment and high unemployment. This shows the interaction of which determinants of health?
Genetic and environmental
Behavioral and genetic
Environmental and behavioral
Social and economic
In Barangay Luntian, 20 children under age 1 died in 2023 out of 1,000 live births. What is the Infant Mortality Rate?
20/1,000 live births
10/1,000 live births
15/1,000 live births
25/1,000 live births
During a family visit, a mother insists on traditional remedies for her sick child. Instead of dismissing her, the nurse respectfully integrates safe practices with modern care. Which role is best reflected?
Advocate
Counselor
Change agent
Clinician
A nurse reviewing health statistics encounters the term Case Fatality Rate (CFR). This measures:
Risk of death among those diagnosed with a disease
Ratio of maternal deaths to live births
Risk of contracting a disease in a population
Proportion of new cases occurring in a time period
During a typhoon, the nurse initiates a mass evacuation and coordinates with LGU for temporary shelter. This illustrates which role?
Clinician
Researcher
Manager
Counselor
A city with 1M people reported 10,000 new dengue cases in a year. Another city with 500,000 people reported 7,000 new cases. Which city has the higher incidence rate?
City with 1M population
Both are equal
Cannot be determined
City with 500,000 population
A nurse notes that in Barangay Mabuhay (population: 2,000), there were 40 live births in a year. What is the Crude Birth Rate?
15/1,000 population
20/1,000 population
25/1,000 population
10/1,000 population
In a mountain barangay, families often rely on traditional healers and seldom use the health center. The nurse suspects this is due to:
Lack of trained barangay health workers
Absence of physicians
High cost of health services
Accessibility barriers and cultural beliefs
A school nurse implemented a handwashing program. Data after 6 months: - Diarrheal cases dropped by 50%. - Absenteeism decreased by 40%. - Students actively practiced hand hygiene. Which is the best judgment?
The program is highly effective in reducing illness and absenteeism
The program failed since not all diarrheal cases were eliminated
The program was ineffective since results cannot be sustained
The program needs to be stopped due to partial impact
In occupational health nursing, the nurse explains to workers that the main focus of their services is:
Providing curative services for occupational injuries
Implementing immunization programs for children
Promoting health and preventing illness related to workplace hazards
Establishing community-based maternal health clinics
A CHN supervises midwives, coordinates with LGUs, and ensures supplies for vaccination. Which role is most dominant?
Clinician
Educator
Manager
Researcher
A province launched an anti-smoking campaign to address high rates of ischemic heart disease and stroke. After 1 year, smoking prevalence dropped significantly, but hypertension prevalence remained high. What is the best evaluation?
The program failed since hypertension rates are still high
The program succeeded in reducing smoking but must expand to address other risk factors like diet and inactivity
Smoking has no relation to cardiovascular diseases
Hypertension rates are unrelated to prevention programs
A midwife explains that the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is considered an important index of a country’s health status because:
Infants are more resistant to illness
It is easier to measure than other mortality rates
It is unrelated to socioeconomic status
Infant deaths reflect quality of maternal and child health services
The DOH reports an increase in diabetes prevalence. Analysis shows rising obesity rates among urban youth. What best explains this?
Urbanization and lifestyle shifts are driving NCDs
Diabetes is random and unpredictable
Purely genetic factors are increasing
Rural areas are more affected
The most appropriate intervention for increasing cases of dental caries among grade schoolers is:
Conducting oral health education and promoting regular tooth brushing
Providing only pain relief medication to affected students
Ignoring the cases as they are not life-threatening
Referring all students to a hospital for dental extraction
A barangay has frequent flooding and leptospirosis outbreaks. As a CHN in the manager role, which program would you create?
Hospital-based treatment campaign only
Exclusive distribution of doxycycline prophylaxis
A disaster preparedness and environmental sanitation program with active community participation
Waiting for DOH teams to intervene
An occupational health nurse detects rising cases of back pain among factory workers. The best application of her role is to:
Provide all workers with painkillers
Recommend ergonomic interventions and proper body mechanics training
Refer workers directly to tertiary hospitals
Ignore since back pain is common in aging
After reviewing barangay data: - Crude Birth Rate decreased from 30/1,000 to 25/1,000. - Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) increased from 20/1,000 to 30/1,000. Which is the best interpretation?
Declining fertility does not guarantee better infant survival; maternal and child care may still be inadequate
Both CBR and IMR show improving health
Lower CBR automatically reduces IMR
IMR increase is not important if birth rate declines
According to the Philippine Health Statistics 2023, the leading cause of mortality in the Philippines remains:
Ischemic Heart Disease
Tuberculosis
Cancer
Pneumonia
In a large factory, the occupational nurse finds frequent chemical exposure. Workers complain of skin rashes and dizziness. She investigates workplace layout, chemical use, and ventilation. This shows the nurse’s role as:
Clinician
Epidemiologist
Health educator
Researcher
A nurse identifies a family that frequently defaults from immunization schedules. The nurse counsels the mother individually to address concerns. This role is best described as:
Manager
Researcher
Advocate
Counselor
The leading determinant of health that contributes the greatest to premature deaths worldwide is:
Genetic predisposition
Environmental hazards
Lifestyle and behavior
Health services availability
A nurse who organizes a barangay immunization program is primarily functioning in which role?
Researcher
Manager
Educator
Clinician
The social determinants of health include all, EXCEPT:
Education
Income
Family history of cancer
Employment conditions
The nurse notes that ischemic heart disease and stroke are leading causes of death in the Philippines. Which best explains this trend?
Infectious diseases are still the leading causes of death
The DOH has not tracked lifestyle diseases
Cardiovascular deaths are unrelated to health behavior
Lifestyle changes and risk factors have increased
A barangay health worker asks why CHN is called population-based. The nurse explains:
Because it focuses on promoting health and preventing disease for the entire community.
Because it provides only hospital services.
Because its primary unit of care is the individual.
Because it provides services for specialized groups only.
During a barangay assembly, residents complain of recurring dengue outbreaks. The nurse proposes a community-wide clean-up campaign with active participation of families. Which CHN principle is best applied in this situation?
Community participation is essential in health programs
CHN focuses only on individual curative treatment
Health is primarily the responsibility of the physician
The family is the focus of care in CHN
A CHN explains to barangay leaders why ischemic heart disease and stroke are leading causes of death in the Philippines. The most relevant community program would be:
Intensifying TB Directly Observed Therapy (DOTS)
Promoting healthy lifestyle campaigns and hypertension screening
Launching a dengue awareness campaign
Establishing feeding programs for children
A nurse is planning services for an upland community 2 hours away from the nearest hospital. Which intervention best demonstrates primary health care principles?
Establishing a tertiary hospital within the community
Referring all cases to the provincial hospital
Providing monthly free consultations from a city-based specialist
Training barangay health workers to provide basic health services
The nurse notices that adolescents in a community are increasingly obese due to sedentary lifestyles and fast-food diets. Which is the most appropriate preventive intervention?
Refer obese students immediately to hospitals
Focus only on underweight children in the area
Encourage increased sports activities and healthy food choices through school programs
Ignore obesity since undernutrition is more common in PH
The Rural Health Nurse calculated a Case Fatality Rate (CFR) for measles. Out of 80 measles cases, 4 patients died. What is the CFR?
5%
2%
3%
4%
A community reports high cases of tuberculosis (TB). On analysis, the nurse finds overcrowded housing, poor ventilation, and low income. What determinant is most critical in this situation?
Genetic predisposition
Purely behavioral choices
Environmental and social determinants
Access to secondary hospitals
A nurse compares causes of death in 1970 vs 2024. In 1970, TB and pneumonia were top causes; in 2024, ischemic heart disease and stroke dominate. What does this shift illustrate?
A failure of infectious disease control
An epidemiologic transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases
A random fluctuation in mortality
Errors in data reporting
Two barangays report high hypertension rates. Barangay A has mostly elderly residents, while Barangay B has mostly young adults but high fast-food consumption and sedentary lifestyles. Which statement is correct?
Both barangays have similar risk factors for hypertension
Hypertension in Barangay A is likely due to age, while in Barangay B, it is due to lifestyle
Only Barangay A is at risk for hypertension
Only Barangay B is at risk for hypertension
The community has high cases of hypertension and diabetes due to sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy diets. If you were tasked to design a barangay program, the most comprehensive plan would include:
A weekly clinic for medication refills only
Regular mass blood tests for glucose levels only
A lifestyle modification campaign with exercise programs, healthy food promotion, and BP monitoring
Exclusive referral of patients to city hospitals
Given the current leading causes of death in the Philippines (ischemic heart disease, stroke, cancer), what barangay program would you create to best address this profile?
A barangay-wide lifestyle disease prevention program (exercise groups, anti-smoking, BP screening, nutrition classes)
A feeding program for undernourished preschoolers only
Exclusive TB Directly Observed Therapy Short-course (DOTS) program
A monthly free medical mission by specialists
As a school nurse, you notice high absenteeism due to respiratory infections and poor ventilation in classrooms. What program would you design?
Refer sick students to hospitals
Implement a school-based health program that includes classroom ventilation improvement, health teaching, and parent involvement
Focus on distributing multivitamins
Ignore since respiratory infection is common
After implementing a nutrition education program, the nurse evaluates outcomes: - Families attended lectures regularly. - Mothers can explain balanced diet concepts. - However, child malnutrition rates remain unchanged. Which is the best evaluation of the program?
The program was fully effective since mothers learned nutrition concepts
The program was successful because attendance was high
The program failed since malnutrition cannot be prevented
The program failed because lectures were not enough to change actual child nutrition
Which is the primary goal of community health nursing?
To support and supplement the efforts of the medical profession in the promotion of health and prevention of illness
To enhance the capacity of individuals, families and communities to cope with their health needs
To increase the productivity of the people by providing them with services that will increase their level of health
To contribute to national development through promotion of family welfare, focusing particularly on mothers and children.
CHN is a community-based practice. Which best explains this statement?
The service is provided in the natural environment of people.
The nurse has to conduct community diagnosis to determine nursing needs and problems.
The services are based on the available resources within the community.
Priority setting is based on the magnitude of the health problems identified.
Population-focused nursing practice requires which of the following processes?
Community organizing
Nursing process
Community diagnosis
R.A. 1054 is also known as the Occupational Health Act. Aside from the number of employees, what other factors must be considered in determining the occupational health privileges to which the workers will be entitled?
Type Classification of the business enterprise based on net profit
Sex and age composition of employees
Location of the workplace in relation to health facilities
of occupation: agricultural, commercial, industrial
When the occupational health nurse employs ergonomic principles, she is performing which of her roles?
Health care provider
Health educator
Health care coordinator
Environmental manager
We say that a Filipino has attained longevity when he is able to reach the average lifespan of Filipinos. What other statistic may be used to determine attainment of longevity?
Age-specific mortality rate
Proportionate mortality rate
Swaroop’s index
Case fatality rate
Which of the following is the most prominent feature of public health nursing?
It involves providing home care to sick people who are not confined in the hospital.
Services are provided free of charge to people within the catchment area.
The public health nurse functions as part of a team providing public health nursing services.
Public health nursing focuses on preventive, not curative, services.
The public health nurse is responsible for presenting the municipal health statistics using graphs and tables. To compare the frequency of the leading causes of mortality in the municipality, which graph will you prepare?
Line
Bar
Pie
Scatter diagram
According to Freeman and Heinrich, community health nursing is a developmental service. Which of the following best illustrates this statement?
The community health nurse continuously develops himself personally and professionally.
Health education and community organizing are necessary in providing community health services.
Community health nursing is intended primarily for health promotion and prevention and treatment of disease.
The goal of community health nursing is to provide nursing services to people in their own places of residence.
One of the participants in a hilot training class asked you to whom she should refer a patient in labor who develops a complication. You will answer, to the
Public Health Nurse
Rural Health Midwife
Municipal Health Officer
Any of these health professionals
