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CIA 1 review

Total questions: 51

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is an organism:

a)

An organism is an individual of a species

b)
An abstract concept that cannot be defined.
c)
A type of chemical compound found in living cells.
d)
A non-living thing that cannot grow or reproduce.
2.

How many of those 8 characteristics does an organism have to have in order to be considered living?

a)
1
b)

8

c)
7
d)
3
3.

What is homeostasis?

a)
Homeostasis is the process of cell division.
b)
Homeostasis refers to the growth of an organism.
c)
Homeostasis is the maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism.
d)
Homeostasis is the ability to adapt to external environments.
4.

Viruses are non living because they need a host to survive and reproduce and they do not have organelles

a)

True

b)

False

5.

List the four macromolecules and their monomers:

a)
Carbohydrates: amino acids, Proteins: glycerol, Lipids: nucleotides, Nucleic acids: fatty acids
b)
Carbohydrates: glycerol, Proteins: fatty acids, Lipids: amino acids, Nucleic acids: sugars
c)
Carbohydrates: fatty acids, Proteins: nucleotides, Lipids: amino acids, Nucleic acids: monosaccharides
d)

Carbohydrates: monosaccharides, Proteins: amino acids, Lipids: fatty acids , Nucleic acids: nucleotides

6.

List the function of each of the four macromolecules:

a)

Carbohydrates: hormones and vitamins

Proteins: genetic information; Lipids: structure ; Nucleic Acids: energy

b)

Carbohydrates: structure ; Proteins: long term energy; Lipids: short term energy storage ; Nucleic Acids: long term energy

c)

Carbohydrates: genetic information; Proteins: energy; Lipids: genetic information ; Nucleic Acids: structure

d)

Carbohydrates: short term energy ; Proteins: enzymes and structure; Lipids: long term energy storage ; Nucleic Acids: genetic information.

7.

What is an example of a macromolecule

a)

Carbohydrate: pasta

b)

Protein: DNA

c)

Lipid: chicken

d)

Nucleic acids: bread

8.

What type of macromolecule are enzymes composed of?

a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Nucleic acids
d)
Proteins
9.

What is the function of an enzyme?

a)
Enzymes are responsible for DNA replication.
b)
Enzymes provide structural support to cells.
c)

The function of an enzyme is to speed up the chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy

d)
Enzymes are used to store energy in cells.
10.

Which reaction pictured contains an enzyme?

a)

A

b)

D

c)

H

d)

G

11.

How can the environment affect enzymes?

a)
Enzymes only work in a vacuum without any environmental influence.
b)
Temperature and pH have no impact on enzyme function.
c)

The environment affects enzymes by changing their structure through factors like temperature and pH which makes them unable to function

d)
Enzymes are unaffected by environmental changes.
12.

What is denatured?

a)
Denatured is a term used to describe a natural state of an organism.
b)

Denatured means altered from its natural state, making it unable to function

c)
Denatured means to enhance the natural properties of a substance.
d)
Denatured refers to a process of purifying substances.
13.

Why do specific enzymes catalyze specific reactions?

a)
Enzymes are only effective at high temperatures.
b)
All enzymes have the same active site structure.
c)
Enzymes can catalyze any reaction regardless of their shape.
d)

Only Specific enzymes will bind with specific substrates

14.

What is the function of the Nucleus?

a)
The nucleus is responsible for photosynthesis.
b)

The nucleus functions to store DNA and genetic material. The control center of the cell.

c)
The nucleus helps in the digestion of nutrients.
d)
The nucleus produces energy for the cell.
15.

What is the functions of the Ribosomes?

a)
Ribosomes store genetic information.
b)
Ribosomes are responsible for DNA replication.
c)

The function of ribosomes is to make proteins.

d)
Ribosomes help in the digestion of food.
16.

What is the function of the Mitochondria?

a)
The function of the mitochondria is to produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
b)
To regulate cell division
c)
To store genetic information
d)
To synthesize proteins
17.

What is the function of the Cell membrane?

a)
The cell membrane generates energy for the cell.
b)
The cell membrane is responsible for protein synthesis.
c)

The cell membrane controls the entry and exit of what comes in and out of the cell. It is selectively permeable.

d)
The cell membrane stores genetic information.
18.

What is the function of the vacuole?

a)
The vacuole is responsible for protein synthesis.
b)
The vacuole produces energy for the cell.
c)

The vacuole stores water and is larger in plants

d)
The vacuole transports nutrients across the cell membrane.
19.

Compare and contrast active and passive transport:

a)
Active transport occurs only in plant cells; passive transport occurs in animal cells.
b)
Active transport is a slower process than passive transport; passive transport is faster.
c)
Active transport can only move water; passive transport can move all types of molecules.
d)
Active transport uses energy and moves substances against their gradient; passive transport does not use energy and moves substances along their gradient.
20.

What is the difference between a protein pump and a protein channel?

a)
A protein pump uses energy to move substances against their gradient, while a protein channel allows passive movement along the gradient.
b)
A protein channel moves substances against their gradient, while a protein pump allows passive movement along the gradient.
c)
Both protein pumps and channels require energy to function in the same way.
d)
A protein pump allows passive movement along the gradient, while a protein channel uses energy to move substances against their gradient.
21.

What is diffusion?

a)
Diffusion is the process of particles moving randomly without any concentration gradient.
b)
Diffusion refers to the mixing of two substances in equal proportions.
c)
Diffusion is the transfer of energy from one particle to another.
d)
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
22.

When does diffusion stop?

a)

Diffusion stops when it reaches equilibrium.

b)
Diffusion stops when pressure decreases.
c)
Diffusion stops when temperature increases.
d)
Diffusion stops at the start of the process.
23.

When talking about cell membranes we say they are semi permeable or selectively permeable. What does this mean?

a)

Cell membranes allow some substances to pass while not allowing others, maintaining cellular homeostasis.

b)
Cell membranes actively transport all substances in and out of the cell.
c)
Cell membranes only allow water to pass through.
d)
Cell membranes are completely impermeable to all substances.
24.

Osmosis is the movement of?

a)
water molecules
b)
carbon dioxide molecules
c)
salt molecules
d)
glucose molecules
25.

In the following scenarios explain how the dialysis tubing would react and if the solution is hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic: A beaker contains 100 mL of a 15% salt solution. A piece of dialysis tubing containing 25% salt solution is placed in the beaker.

a)

The solution in the beaker is hypotonic. The cell will swell.

b)
The dialysis tubing will swell and burst.
c)

The solution in the beaker is hypertonic. The cell will shrink.

d)
The solution in the beaker is isotonic.
26.

In the following scenarios explain how the dialysis tubing would react and if the solution is hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic: A beaker contains 100 mL of a 15% salt solution. A piece of dialysis tubing containing 15% salt solution is placed in the beaker.

a)
Concentrated
b)

Isotonic: equal amount of water inside and outside the cell

c)

Hypertonic: cell will swell because water is coming into cell

d)

Hypotonic: cell will shrink because water is leaving the cell

27.

In the following scenarios explain how the dialysis tubing would react and if the solution is hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic: A beaker contains 100 mL of 15% salt solution. A piece of dialysis tubing containing 10% salt solution is placed in the beaker.

a)
The dialysis tubing will not react to the solution.
b)

The solution in the beaker is hypertonic. The cell is pushing water out of the cell.

c)

The solution in the beaker is hypotonic. The cell is pulling water into the cell.

d)
The solution in the beaker is isotonic.
28.

What organelle does photosynthesis take place in?

a)
Ribosomes
b)
Chloroplasts
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleus
29.

What is the purpose of photosynthesis?

a)

The purpose of photosynthesis is to convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose for the cell

b)
To store energy in the form of fat.
c)
To produce heat for the plant.
d)
To absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
30.

Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis in words?

a)

carbon dioxide + hydrogen + sunlight produces glucose + water

b)

carbon dioxide + water + sunlight produces glucose + oxygen

c)

carbon monoxide + water + sunlight produces glucose + nitrogen

d)

oxygen plus water + sunlight produces carbon dioxide + glucose

31.

Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

a)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
b)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + light energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6O2 + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
32.

What are the two reactions of photosynthesis? ( in order)

a)
Light-activated reactions, Dark reactions
b)
Photosynthesis and Respiration
c)
Light-dependent reactions, Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle)
d)
Chlorophyll reactions, Oxygen production
33.

What are the products of the first reaction during photosynthesis?

a)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) and glucose
b)
Water (H2O) and glucose
c)
Nutrients and sunlight
d)

Oxygen (O2)

34.

What are the products of the second reaction during photosynthesis?

a)
Carbon dioxide and water
b)
Nutrients and minerals
c)

Glucose

d)
Chlorophyll and sunlight
35.

What organelle does cellular respiration take place in?

a)
Ribosome
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Nucleus
d)
Chloroplast
36.

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

a)

The purpose of cellular respiration is to produce energy (ATP) by breaking down glucose.

b)
To break down glucose into carbon dioxide and water only.
c)
To store energy in the form of starch.
d)
To facilitate photosynthesis in plants.
37.

Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration in words:

a)
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)
b)
fat + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + heat
c)
sugar + oxygen → carbon dioxide + glucose + energy
d)
glucose + nitrogen → carbon monoxide + water + energy
38.

Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration formula?

a)
C6H12O6 + 3O2 -> 3CO2 + 3H2O + 2ATP
b)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO + 6H2 + 6ATP
c)
C6H12O6 + 2O2 -> 2CO2 + 2H2O + 4ATP
d)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
39.

What are the three reactions of cellular respiration? (in order)

a)
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
b)
Krebs Cycle, Photosynthesis, Glycolysis
c)
Fermentation, Calvin Cycle, Glycolysis
d)
Electron Transport Chain, Glycolysis, Lactic Acid Cycle
40.

What are the products of the first reaction in cellular respiration?

a)

Lactate and Acetyl-CoA

b)

ATP

c)
Glucose, FADH2, CO2
d)

ATP and NADPH

41.

What are the products of the second reaction in cellular respiration?

a)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and ATP

b)
Lactic acid (C3H6O3)
c)
Glucose (C6H12O6)
d)
Oxygen (O2)
42.

What are the products of the third reaction in cellular respiration?

a)
Lactic acid, oxygen, and ATP
b)

ATP and water

c)
Acetyl-CoA, pyruvate, and NADH
d)
Glucose, carbon dioxide, and FADH2
43.

Which reaction of cellular respiration is anaerobic?

a)
Glycolysis
b)
Krebs Cycle
c)
Electron Transport Chain
d)
Fermentation
44.

Which two reactions of cellular respiration are aerobic?

a)

Krebs cycle and ETC

b)
Electron transport chain and glycolysis
c)
Lactic acid cycle and glycolysis
d)
Glycolysis and fermentation
45.

Which reaction produces the most ATP?

a)
Citric acid cycle
b)
Glycolysis
c)

ETC

d)
Fermentation
46.

Explain the interdependence of photosynthesis and cellular respiration? (think about reactants vs products)

a)
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are unrelated processes that do not share any reactants or products.
b)
Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide and water, which are used in cellular respiration to create glucose.
c)
Photosynthesis consumes carbon dioxide and produces glucose, while cellular respiration consumes oxygen and produces glucose.
d)

Products of photosynthesis are the reactant of cell respiration.

47.

Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration:

a)

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen

b)
Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration produce the same amount of energy.
c)
Anaerobic respiration uses oxygen and produces more energy.
d)
Aerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and produces less energy.
48.

What are the products of lactic acid fermentation?

a)
Ethanol and CO2
b)
Glucose and NADH
c)
Acetic acid and FADH2
d)

Lactic acid

49.

What organism(s) undergo lactic acid fermentation?

a)
Yeast (e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
b)
Plants (e.g., green algae)
c)

muscle cells and bacteria

d)
Fungi (e.g., mushrooms)
50.

What are the products of alcoholic fermentation?

a)
Lactic acid and oxygen
b)
Glucose and water
c)

Alcohol and carbon dioxide

d)
Acetic acid and nitrogen
51.

What organism(s) undergo alcoholic fermentation?

a)

Yeast and bacteria

b)
Only certain plants
c)
Only animals
d)
Plants and fungi

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