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Worksheets

Nursing and Medical Multiple Choice Questions

Total questions: 99

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which individual is at greatest risk for developing hypertension?

a)

45 year-old African American attorney

b)

60 year-old Asian American shop owner

c)

40 year-old Caucasian nurse

d)

55 year-old Hispanic teacher

2.

A child who ingested 15 maximum strength acetaminophen tablets 45 minutes ago is seen in the emergency department. Which of these orders should the nurse do first?

a)

Gastric lavage PRN

b)

Acetylcysteine (mucomyst) for age per pharmacy

c)

Start an IV Dextrose 5% with 0.33% normal saline to keep vein open

d)

Activated charcoal per pharmacy

3.

Which complication of cardiac catheterization should the nurse monitor for in the initial 24 hours after the procedure?

a)

angina at rest

b)

thrombus formation

c)

dizziness

d)

falling blood pressure

4.

A client is admitted to the emergency room with renal calculi and is complaining of moderate to severe flank pain and nausea. The client’s temperature is 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The priority nursing goal for this client is

a)

Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance

b)

Control nausea

c)

Manage pain

d)

Prevent urinary tract infection

5.

What would the nurse expect to see while assessing the growth of children during their school age years?

a)

Decreasing amounts of body fat and muscle mass

b)

Little change in body appearance from year to year

c)

Progressive height increase of 4 inches each year

d)

Yearly weight gain of about 5.5 pounds per year

6.

At a community health fair the blood pressure of a 62 year-old client is 160/96. The client states “My blood pressure is usually much lower.” The nurse should tell the client to

a)

go get a blood pressure check within the next 48 to 72 hours

b)

check blood pressure again in 2 months

c)

see the health care provider immediately

d)

visit the health care provider within 1 week for a BP check

7.

The hospital has sounded the call for a disaster drill on the evening shift. Which of these clients would the nurse put first on the list to be discharged in order to make a room available for a new admission?

a)

A middle aged client with a history of being ventilator dependent for over 7 years and admitted with bacterial pneumonia five days ago

b)

A young adult with diabetes mellitus Type 2 for over 10 years and admitted with antibiotic induced diarrhea 24 hours ago

c)

An elderly client with a history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and lupus, and was admitted with Stevens-Johnson syndrome that morning

d)

An adolescent with a positive HIV test and admitted for acute cellulitis of the lower leg 48 hours ago

8.

A client has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and will take levothyroxine (Synthroid) 50 mcg/day by mouth. As part of the teaching plan, the nurse emphasizes that this medication:

a)

Should be taken in the morning

b)

May decrease the client’s energy level

c)

Must be stored in a dark container

d)

Will decrease the client’s heart rate

9.

A 3 year-old child comes to the pediatric clinic after the sudden onset of findings that include irritability, thick muffled voice, croaking on inspiration, hot to touch, sit leaning forward, tongue protruding, drooling and suprasternal retractions. What should the nurse do first?

a)

Prepare the child for x-ray of upper airways

b)

Examine the child’s throat

c)

Notify the health care provider of the child's status

d)

Collect a sputum specimen

10.

Which of these findings indicate that a pump to deliver a basal rate of 10 ml per hour plus PRN for pain break through for morphine drip is not working?

a)

The client complains of discomfort at the IV insertion site

b)

The client states “I just can’t get relief from my pain.”

c)

The level of drug is 100 ml at 8 AM and is 80 ml at noon

d)

The level of the drug is 100 ml at 8 AM and is 50 ml at noon

11.

The nurse is speaking at a community meeting about personal responsibility for health promotion. A participant asks about chiropractic treatment for illnesses. What should be the focus of the nurse’s response?

a)

Electrical energy fields

b)

Spinal column manipulation

c)

Mind-body balance

d)

Exercise of joints

12.

The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client post right CVA. Which finding, if observed by the nurse, would warrant immediate attention?

a)

Decrease in level of consciousness

b)

Loss of bladder control

c)

Altered sensation to stimuli

d)

Emotional ability

13.

A child who has recently been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is in a pediatric clinic where a nurse is performing an assessment. Which later finding of this disease would the nurse not expect to see at this time?

a)

Positive sweat test

b)

Bulky greasy stools

c)

Moist, productive cough

d)

Meconium ileus

14.

Which of these findings indicate that a pump to deliver a basal rate of 10 ml per hour plus PRN for pain break through for morphine drip is not working?

a)

The client complains of discomfort at the IV insertion site

b)

The client states “I just can’t get relief from my pain.”

c)

The level of drug is 100 ml at 8 AM and is 80 ml at noon

d)

The level of the drug is 100 ml at 8 AM and is 50 ml at noon

15.

The nurse is speaking at a community meeting about personal responsibility for health promotion. A participant asks about chiropractic treatment for illnesses. What should be the focus of the nurse’s response?

a)

Electrical energy fields

b)

Spinal column manipulation

c)

Mind-body balance

d)

Exercise of joints

16.

The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client post right CVA. Which

finding, if observed by the nurse, would warrant immediate attention?

a)

Decrease in level of consciousness

b)

Loss of bladder control

c)

Altered sensation to stimuli

d)

Emotional ability

17.

A child who has recently been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is in a pediatric clinic where a nurse is performing an assessment. Which later finding of this disease would the nurse not expect to see at this time?

a)

Positive sweat test

b)

Bulky greasy stools

c)

Moist, productive cough

d)

Meconium ileus

18.

The home health nurse visits a male client to provide wound care and finds the client lethargic and confused. His wife states he fell down the stairs 2 hours ago. The nurse should

a)

Place a call to the client’s health care provider for instructions

b)

Send him to the emergency room for evaluation

c)

Reassure the client’s wife that the symptoms are transient

d)

Instruct the client’s wife to call the doctor if his symptoms become worse

19.

Which of the following should the nurse implement to prepare a client for a KUB (Kidney, Ureter, Bladder) radiograph test?

a)

Client must be NPO before the examination

b)

Enema to be administered prior to the examination

c)

Medicate client with Lasix 20 mg IV 30 minutes prior to the examination

d)

No special orders are necessary for this examination

20.

The nurse is giving discharge teaching to a client 7 days post myocardial infarction. He asks the nurse why he must wait 6 weeks before having sexual intercourse. What is the best response by the nurse to this question?

a)

“You need to regain your strength before attempting such exertion.”

b)

“When you can climb 2 flights of stairs without problems, it is generally safe.”

c)

“Have a glass of wine to relax you, then you can try to have sex.”

d)

“If you can maintain an active walking program, you will have less risk.”

21.

A triage nurse has these 4 clients arrive in the emergency department within 15 minutes. Which client should the triage nurse send back to be seen first?

a)

A 2 month old infant with a history of rolling off the bed and has bulging fontanels with crying

b)

A teenager who got a singed beard while camping

c)

An elderly client with complaints of frequent liquid brown colored stools

d)

A middle aged client with intermittent pain behind the right scapula

22.

While planning care for a toddler, the nurse teaches the parents about the expected developmental changes for this age. Which statement by the mother shows that she understands the child’s developmental needs?

a)

“I want to protect my child from any falls.”

b)

“I will set limits on exploring the house.”

c)

“I understand the need to use those new skills.”

d)

“I intend to keep control over our child.”

23.

The nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a client via a nasogastric feeding tube. The most important action of the nurse is

a)

Verify correct placement of the tube

b)

Check that the feeding solution matches the dietary order

c)

Aspirate abdominal contents to determine the amount of last feeding remaining in stomach

d)

Ensure that feeding solution is at room temperature

24.

The nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L. The client is placed on a cardiac monitor and receives 40 mEq KCL in 1000 ml of 5% dextrose in water IV. Which of the following EKG patterns indicates to the nurse that the infusions should be discontinued?

a)

Narrowed QRS complex

b)

Shortened “PR” interval

c)

Tall peaked T waves

d)

Prominent “U” waves

25.

A nurse prepares to care for a 4 year-old newly admitted for rhabdomyosarcoma. The nurse should alert the staff to pay more attention to the function of which area of the body?

a)

All striated muscles

b)

The cerebellum

c)

The kidneys

d)

The leg bones

26.

The nurse anticipates that for a family who practices Chinese medicine the priority goal would be to

a)

Achieve harmony

b)

Maintain a balance of energy

c)

Respect life

d)

Restore yin and yang

27.

During an assessment of a client with cardiomyopathy, the nurse finds that the systolic blood pressure has decreased from 145 to 110 mm Hg and the heart rate has risen from 72 to 96 beats per minute and the client complains of periodic dizzy spells. The nurse instructs the client to

a)

Increase fluids that are high in protein

b)

Restrict fluids

c)

Force fluids and reassess blood pressure

d)

Limit fluids to non-caffeine beverages

28.

A client has a Swan-Ganz catheter in place. The nurse understands that this is intended to measure

a)

Right heart function

b)

Left heart function

c)

Renal tubule function

d)

Carotid artery function

29.

A nurse enters a client’s room to discover that the client has no pulse or respirations. After calling for help, the first action the nurse should take is

a)

Start a peripheral IV

b)

Initiate closed-chest massage

c)

Establish an airway

d)

Obtain the crash cart

30.

A client is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg. Daily. The health care provider has written a new order to give metoprolol (Lopressor) 25 mg. B.I.D. In assessing the client prior to administering the medications, which of the following should the nurse report immediately to the health care provider?

a)

Blood pressure 94/60

b)

Heart rate 76

c)

Urine output 50 ml/hour

d)

Respiratory rate 16

31.

While assessing a 1 month-old infant, which finding should the nurse report immediately?

a)

Abdominal respirations

b)

Irregular breathing rate

c)

Inspiratory grunt

d)

Increased heart rate with crying

32.

The nurse practicing in a maternity setting recognizes that the post mature fetus is at risk due to

a)

Excessive fetal weight

b)

Low blood sugar levels

c)

Depletion of subcutaneous fat

d)

Progressive placental insufficiency

33.

Which of these statements best describes the characteristic of an effective reward-feedback system?

a)

Specific feedback is given as close to the event as possible

b)

Staff are given feedback in equal amounts over time

c)

Positive statements are to precede a negative statement

d)

Performance goals should be higher than what is attainable

34.

A client with multiple sclerosis plans to begin an exercise program. In addition to discussing the benefits of regular exercise, the nurse should caution the client to avoid activities which

a)

Increase the heart rate

b)

Lead to dehydration

c)

Are considered aerobic

d)

May be competitive

35.

During the evaluation of the quality of home care for a client with Alzheimer’s disease, the priority for the nurse is to reinforce which statement by a family member?

a)

At least 2 full meals a day is eaten.

b)

We go to a group discussion every week at our community center.

c)

We have safety bars installed in the bathroom and have 24 hour alarms on the doors.

d)

The medication is not a problem to have it taken 3 times a day.

36.

A nurse is reviewing a patient’s medication during shift change. Which of the following medication would be contraindicated if the patient were pregnant? Note: More than one answer may be correct.

a)

Coumadin

b)

Finasteride

37.

A nurse is reviewing a patient’s PMH. The history indicates photosensitive reactions to medications. Which of the following drugs has not been associated with photosensitive reactions? Note: More than one answer may be correct.

a)

Bactrim

b)

Noroxin

c)

Sulfonamide

d)

Cipro

e)

Nitro-dur

38.

A patient tells you that her urine is starting to look discolored. If you believe this change is due to medication, which of the following patient’s medication does not cause urine discoloration?

a)

Sulfasalazine

b)

Levodopa

c)

Phenolphthalein

d)

Aspirin

39.

You are responsible for reviewing the nursing unit’s refrigerator. If you found the following drug in the refrigerator it should be removed from the refrigerator’s contents?

a)

Corgard

b)

Humulin (injection)

c)

Urokinase

d)

Epogen (injection)

40.

A 34 year old female has recently been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease. She has also recently discovered that she is pregnant. Which of the following is the only immunoglobulin that will provide protection to the fetus in the womb?

a)

IgA

b)

IgD

c)

IgE

d)

IgG

41.

A second year nursing student has just suffered a needlestick while working with a patient that is positive for AIDS. Which of the following is the most important action that nursing student should take?

a)

Immediately see a social worker

b)

Start prophylactic AZT treatment

c)

Start prophylactic Pentamidine treatment

d)

Seek counseling

42.

A thirty five year old male has been an insulin-dependent diabetic for five years and now is unable to urinate. Which of the following would you most likely suspect?

a)

Atherosclerosis

b)

Diabetic nephropathy

c)

Autonomic neuropathy

d)

Somatic neuropathy

43.

You are taking the history of a 14 year old girl who has a (BMI) of 18. The girl reports inability to eat, induced vomiting and severe constipation. Which of the following would you most likely suspect?

a)

Multiple sclerosis

b)

Anorexia nervosa

c)

Bulimia

d)

Systemic sclerosis

44.

A 24 year old female is admitted to the ER for confusion. This patient has a history of a myeloma diagnosis, constipation, intense abdominal pain, and polyuria. Which of the following would you most likely suspect?

a)

Diverticulosis

b)

Hypercalcaemia

c)

Hypocalcaemia

d)

Irritable bowel syndrome

45.

A new mother has some questions about (PKU). Which of the following statements made by a nurse is not correct regarding PKU?

a)

A Guthrie test can check the necessary lab values.

b)

The urine has a high concentration of phenylpyruvic acid

c)

Mental deficits are often present with PKU.

d)

The effects of PKU are reversible.

46.

A patient has taken an overdose of aspirin. Which of the following should a nurse most closely monitor for during acute management of this patient?

a)

Onset of pulmonary edema

b)

Metabolic alkalosis

c)

Respiratory alkalosis

d)

Parkinson’s disease type symptoms

47.

A fifty-year-old blind and deaf patient has been admitted to your floor. As the charge nurse your primary responsibility for this patient is?

a)

Let others know about the patient’s deficits.

b)

Communicate with your supervisor your patient safety concerns.

c)

Continuously update the patient on the social environment.

d)

Provide a secure environment for the patient.

48.

A patient is getting discharged from a SNF facility. The patient has a history of severe COPD and PVD. The patient is primarily concerned about their ability to breath easily. Which of the following would be the best instruction for this patient?

a)

Deep breathing techniques to increase O2 levels.

b)

Cough regularly and deeply to clear airway passages.

c)

Cough following bronchodilator utilization

d)

Decrease CO2 levels by increase oxygen take output during meals.

49.

A nurse is caring for an infant that has recently been diagnosed with a congenital heart defect. Which of the following clinical signs would most likely be present?

a)

Slow pulse rate

b)

Weight gain

50.

A mother has recently been informed that her child has Down’s syndrome. You will be assigned to care for the child at shift change. Which of the following characteristics is not associated with Down’s syndrome?

a)

Simian crease

b)

Brachycephaly

c)

Oily skin

d)

Hypotonicity

51.

A patient has recently experienced a (MI) within the last 4 hours. Which of the following medications would most likely be administered?

a)

Streptokinase

b)

Atropine

c)

Acetaminophen

d)

Coumadin

52.

A patient asks a nurse, “My doctor recommended I increase my intake of folic acid. What type of foods contain the highest concentration of folic acids?

a)

Green vegetables and liver

b)

Yellow vegetables and red meat

c)

Carrots

d)

Milk

53.

A nurse is putting together a presentation on meningitis. Which of the following microorganisms has noted been linked to meningitis in humans?

a)

S. pneumonia

b)

H. influenza

c)

N. meningitis

d)

Cl. difficile

54.

A nurse is administering blood to a patient who has a low hemoglobin count. The patient asks how long to RBC’s last in my body? The correct response is.

a)

The life span of RBC is 45 days.

b)

The life span of RBC is 60 days.

55.

A 65 year old man has been admitted to the hospital for spinal stenosis surgery. When does the discharge training and planning began for this patient?

a)

Following surgery

b)

Upon admit

c)

Within 48 hours of discharge

d)

Preoperative discussion

56.

A child is 5 years old and has been recently admitted into the hospital. According to Erickson which of the following stages is the child in?

a)

Trust vs. mistrust

b)

Initiative vs. guilt

c)

Autonomy vs. shame

d)

Intimacy vs. isolation

57.

A toddler is 16 months old and has been recently admitted into the hospital. According to Erickson which of the following stages is the toddler in?

a)

Trust vs. mistrust

b)

Initiative vs. guilt

c)

Autonomy vs. shame

d)

Intimacy vs. isolation

58.

A young adult is 20 years old and has been recently admitted into the hospital. According to Erickson which of the following stages is the adult in?

a)

Trust vs. mistrust

b)

Initiative vs. guilt

c)

Autonomy vs. shame

d)

Intimacy vs. isolation

59.

A nurse is making rounds taking vital signs. Which of the following vital signs is abnormal?

a)

11 year old male – 90 b.p.m, 22 resp/min., 100/70 mm Hg

b)

13 year old female – 105 b.p.m., 22 resp/min., 105/60 mm Hg

60.

When you are taking a patient’s history, she tells you she has been depressed and is dealing with an anxiety disorder. Which of the following medications would the patient most likely be taking?

a)

Elavil

b)

Calcitonin

c)

Pergolide

d)

Verapamil

61.

Which of the following conditions would a nurse not administer erythromycin?

a)

Campylobacteriosis infection

b)

Legionnaire’s disease

c)

Pneumonia

d)

Multiple Sclerosis

62.

A patient’s chart indicates a history of hyperkalemia. Which of the following would you not expect to see with this patient if this condition were acute?

a)

Decreased HR

b)

Paresthesias

c)

Muscle weakness of the extremities

d)

Migraines

63.

A patient’s chart indicates a history of ketoacidosis. Which of the following would you not expect to see with this patient if this condition were acute?

a)

Vomiting

b)

Extreme Thirst

c)

Weight gain

d)

Acetone breath smell

64.

A patient’s chart indicates a history of meningitis. Which of the following would you not expect to see with this patient if this condition were acute?

a)

Increased appetite

b)

Vomiting

65.

A nurse if reviewing a patient's chart and notices that the patient suffers from conjunctivitis. Which of the following microorganisms is related to this condition?

a)

Yersinia pestis

b)

Helicobacter pylori

c)

Vibrio cholerae

d)

Haemophilus aegyptius

66.

A nurse if reviewing a patient's chart and notices that the patient suffers from Lyme disease. Which of the following microorganisms is related to this condition?

a)

Borrelia burgdorferi

b)

Streptococcus pyogenes

c)

Bacillus anthracis

d)

Enterococcus faecalis

67.

A fragile 87 year-old female has recently been admitted to the hospital with increased confusion and falls over last 2 weeks. She is also noted to have a mild left hemiparesis. Which of the following tests is most likely to be performed?

a)

FBC (full blood count)

b)

ECG (electrocardiogram)

c)

Thyroid function tests

d)

CT scan

68.

A 84 year-old male has been loosing mobility and gaining weight over the last 2 months. The patient also has the heater running in his house 24 hours a day, even on warm days. Which of the following tests is most likely to be performed?

a)

FBC (full blood count)

b)

ECG (electrocardiogram)

c)

Thyroid function tests

d)

CT scan

69.

A 20 year-old female attending college is found unconscious in her dorm room. She has a fever and a noticeable rash. She has just been admitted to the hospital. Which of the following tests is most likely to be performed first?

a)

FBC (full blood count)

b)

ECG (electrocardiogram)

c)

Thyroid function tests

d)

CT scan

70.

A 28 year old male has been found wandering around in a confused pattern. The male is sweaty and pale. Which of the following tests is most likely to be performed first?

a)

Blood sugar check

b)

CT scan

c)

Blood cultures

d)

Arterial blood gases

71.

A mother is inquiring about her child’s ability to potty train. Which of the following factors is the most important aspect of toilet training?

a)

The age of the child

b)

The child ability to understand instruction.

c)

The overall mental and physical abilities of the child.

d)

Frequent attempts with positive reinforcement.

72.

A parent calls the pediatric clinic and is frantic about the bottle of cleaning fluid her child drank 20 minutes. Which of the following is the most important instruction the nurse can give the parent?

a)

This too shall pass.

b)

Take the child immediately to the ER

c)

Contact the Poison Control Center quickly

d)

Give the child syrup of ipecac

73.

A nurse is administering a shot of Vitamin K to a 30 day-old infant. Which of the following target areas is the most appropriate?

a)

Gluteus maximus

b)

Gluteus minimus

c)

Vastus lateralis

d)

Vastus medialis

74.

A nurse has just started her rounds delivering medication. A new patient on her rounds is a 4 year-old boy who is non-verbal. This child does not have on any identification. What should the nurse do?

a)

Contact the provider

b)

Ask the child to write their name on paper.

c)

Ask a coworker about the identification of the child.

d)

Ask the father who is in the room the child’s name.

75.

A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. A nurse checking the patient’s lab results would expect which of the following changes in laboratory findings?

a)

Elevated serum calcium.

b)

Low serum parathyroid hormone (PTH).

c)

Elevated serum vitamin D.

d)

Low urine calcium.

76.

A patient with Addison’s disease asks a nurse for nutrition and diet advice. Which of the following diet modifications is NOT recommended?

a)

A diet high in grains.

b)

A diet with adequate caloric intake.

c)

A high protein diet.

d)

A restricted sodium diet.

77.

A patient with a history of diabetes mellitus is in the second post-operative day following cholecystectomy. She has complained of nausea and isn’t able to eat solid foods. The nurse enters the room to find the patient confused and shaky. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the patient’s symptoms?

a)

Anesthesia reaction.

b)

Hyperglycemia.

c)

Hypoglycemia.

d)

Diabetic ketoacidosis.

78.

A nurse assigned to the emergency department evaluates a patient who underwent fiberoptic colonoscopy 18 hours previously. The patient reports increasing abdominal pain, fever, and chills. Which of the following conditions poses the most immediate concern?

a)

Perforation of the colon

b)

Irritable bowel syndrome

c)

Mild dehydration

d)

Hemorrhoids

79.

A patient is admitted to the same day surgery unit for liver biopsy. Which of the following laboratory tests assesses coagulation?

a)

Partial thromboplastin time.

b)

Prothrombin time.

c)

Platelet count.

d)

Hemoglobin.

80.

A nurse is assessing a clinic patient with a diagnosis of hepatitis A. Which of the following is the most likely route of transmission?

a)

Sexual contact with an infected partner.

b)

Contaminated food.

c)

Blood transfusion.

d)

Illegal drug use.

81.

A leukemia patient has a relative who wants to donate blood for transfusion. Which of the following donor medical conditions would prevent this?

a)

A history of hepatitis C five years previously.

b)

Cholecystitis requiring cholecystectomy one year previously.

c)

Asymptomatic diverticulosis.

d)

Crohn’s disease in remission.

82.

A physician has diagnosed acute gastritis in a clinic patient. Which of the following medications would be contraindicated for this patient?

a)

Naproxen sodium (Naprosyn).

b)

Calcium carbonate.

c)

Clarithromycin (Biaxin).

d)

Furosemide (Lasix).

83.

The nurse is conducting nutrition counseling for a patient with cholecystitis. Which of the following information is important to communicate?

a)

Avoid foods high in fat.

b)

Increase fiber intake.

c)

Consume more protein-rich foods.

d)

Drink plenty of fluids.

84.

A patient admitted to the hospital with myocardial infarction develops severe pulmonary edema. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect the patient to exhibit?

a)

Slow, deep respirations.

b)

Stridor.

c)

Bradycardia.

d)

Air hunger.

85.

A nurse caring for several patients on the cardiac unit is told that one is scheduled for implantation of an automatic internal cardioverter-defibrillator. Which of the following patients is most likely to have this procedure?

a)

A patient admitted for myocardial infarction without cardiac muscle damage.

b)

A post-operative coronary bypass patient, recovering on schedule.

c)

A patient with a history of ventricular tachycardia and syncopal episodes.

d)

A patient with a history of atrial tachycardia and fatigue.

86.

A patient is scheduled for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan for suspected lung cancer. Which of the following is a contraindication to the study for this patient?

a)

The patient is allergic to shellfish.

b)

The patient has a pacemaker.

c)

The patient suffers from claustrophobia.

d)

The patient takes anti-psychotic medication.

87.

A nurse calls a physician with the concern that a patient has developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following symptoms has the nurse most likely observed?

a)

The patient is somnolent with decreased response to the family.

b)

The patient suddenly complains of chest pain and shortness of breath.

c)

The patient has developed a wet cough and the nurse hears crackles on auscultation of the lungs.

d)

The patient has a fever, chills, and loss of appetite.

88.

A patient comes to the emergency department with abdominal pain. Work-up reveals the presence of a rapidly enlarging abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following actions should the nurse expect?

a)

The patient will be admitted to the medicine unit for observation and medication.

b)

The patient will be admitted to the day surgery unit for sclerotherapy.

c)

The patient will be admitted to the surgical unit and resection will be scheduled.

d)

The patient will be discharged home to follow-up with his cardiologist in 24 hours.

89.

A patient with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy that is known to depress bone marrow. A CBC (complete blood count) reveals a platelet count of 25,000/microliter. Which of the following actions related specifically to the platelet count should be included on the nursing care plan?

a)

Monitor for fever every 4 hours.

b)

Require visitors to wear respiratory masks and protective clothing.

c)

Consider transfusion of packed red blood cells.

d)

Check for signs of bleeding, including examination of urine and stool for blood.

90.

A nurse in the emergency department is observing a 4-year-old child for signs of increased intracranial pressure after a fall from a bicycle, resulting in head trauma. Which of the following signs or symptoms would be cause for concern?

a)

Bulging anterior fontanel.

b)

Repeated vomiting.

c)

Signs of sleepiness at 10 PM.

d)

Inability to read short words from a distance of 18 inches.

91.

A nonimmunized child appears at the clinic with a visible rash. Which of the following observations indicates the child may have rubeola (measles)?

a)

Small blue-white spots are visible on the oral mucosa.

b)

The rash begins on the trunk and spreads outward.

c)

There is low-grade fever.

d)

The lesions have a “tear drop on a rose petal” appearance.

92.

Which of the following descriptions of scarlet fever is NOT correct?

a)

Scarlet fever is caused by a viral infection.

b)

Scarlet fever presents with a characteristic red rash.

c)

Scarlet fever can cause a 'strawberry' tongue appearance.

d)

Scarlet fever is commonly associated with a sore throat.

93.

A child weighing 30 kg arrives at the clinic with diffuse itching as the result of an allergic reaction to an insect bite. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) 25 mg 3 times a day is prescribed. The correct pediatric dose is 5 mg/kg/day. Which of the following best describes the prescribed drug dose?

a)

It is the correct dose.

b)

The dose is too low.

c)

The dose is too high.

d)

The dose should be increased or decreased, depending on the symptoms.

94.

The mother of a 2-month-old infant brings the child to the clinic for a well baby check. She is concerned because she feels only one testis in the scrotal sac. Which of the following statements about the undescended testis is the most accurate?

a)

A. Normally, the testes are descended by birth.

b)

B. The infant will likely require surgical intervention.

c)

C. The infant probably has with only one testis.

d)

D. Normally, the testes descend by one year of age.

95.

A child is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Wilm’s tumor, stage II. Which of the following statements most accurately describes this stage?

a)

The tumor is less than 3 cm. in size and requires no chemotherapy.

b)

The tumor did not extend beyond the kidney and was completely resected.

c)

The tumor extended beyond the kidney but was completely resected.

d)

The tumor has spread into the abdominal cavity and cannot be resected.

96.

A teen patient is admitted to the hospital by his physician who suspects a diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings is consistent with this diagnosis? Note: More than one answer may be correct.

a)

Urine specific gravity of 1.040.

b)

Urine output of 350 ml in 24 hours.

c)

Brown (“tea-colored”) urine.

d)

Generalized edema.

97.

Which of the following conditions most commonly causes acute glomerulonephritis?

a)

A. A congenital condition leading to renal dysfunction.

b)

B. Prior infection with group A Streptococcus within the past 10-14 days.

c)

C. Viral infection of the glomeruli.

d)

D. Nephrotic syndrome.

98.

An infant with hydrocele is seen in the clinic for a follow-up visit at 1 month of age. The scrotum is smaller than it was at birth, but fluid is still visible on illumination. Which of the following actions is the physician likely to recommend?

a)

Massaging the groin area twice a day until the fluid is gone.

b)

Referral to a surgeon for repair.

c)

No treatment is necessary; the fluid is reabsorbing normally.

d)

Keeping the infant in a flat, supine position until the fluid is gone.

99.

A nurse is caring for a patient with peripheral vascular disease (PVD). The patient complains of burning and tingling of the hands and feet and cannot tolerate touch of any kind. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these symptoms?

a)

Inadequate tissue perfusion leading to nerve damage.

b)

Fluid overload leading to compression of nerve tissue.

c)

Sensation distortion due to psychiatric disturbance.

d)

Inflammation of the skin on the hands and feet.