WorksheetsReligion and New Media — Key Terms Quiz
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 8mins
What is the primary difference between religion online and online religion?
Religion online is private; online religion is public.
Religion online is one-to-many communication; online religion is many-to-many interaction.
Religion online focuses on cyberspace; online religion focuses on apps.
Religion online concerns secular groups; online religion concerns believers.
Who first introduced the distinction between religion online and online religion?
Heidi Campbell
Stewart Hoover
Christopher Helland
Giulia Evolvi
What does digital religion mean according to Heidi Campbell?
Religion practiced only through smartphones.
The merging of online culture with offline beliefs and rituals.
The disappearance of institutional religion in cyberspace.
The replacement of traditional worship with virtual reality.
What does the term cyber-religion describe?
A religion based entirely on artificial intelligence.
Religious activities and experiences occurring in the virtual space of the Internet.
Religious skepticism toward new technologies.
The digital divide between believers and non-believers.
According to Lev Manovich, which two features characterize new media?
Automation and repetition
Digital coding and algorithms
Narrative and symbolism
Mobility and accessibility
According to the four-wave model of religion and new media, during which wave did mobile apps and online communities become significant for religious practice?
Which theoretical approach views media as integral to religion’s symbolic and material practice rather than as external tools?
Mediation
Mediatization
Media ecology
Technological determinism
Which scholar is most closely associated with theorizing religious mediation as material and sensory practice?
Lev Manovich
Birgit Meyer
Stig Hjarvard
Knut Lundby
How does mediatization differ from mediation?
Mediation studies institutions; mediatization studies communication.
Mediatization examines long-term social transformations; mediation focuses on everyday meaning-making.
Mediation focuses on datafication; mediatization on materiality.
There is no difference; they are synonymous.
Who defined mediatization as “changes that occur when communication patterns are transformed due to new tools and technologies”?
Stig Hjarvard
Knut Lundby
Mia Lövheim
Stewart Hoover
Which concept explains how religious groups negotiate, resist, or redesign technologies based on their values?
Religious social shaping of technology
Mediatization
Hypermediation
Media ecology
Which example best illustrates religious social shaping of technology?
Virtual pilgrimages in the metaverse
The “Kosher Cell Phone” developed for ultra-Orthodox communities
The creation of avatars in Second Life
The viral sharing of papal tweets
What did Marshall McLuhan’s phrase “the medium is the message” imply about religion and media?
The moral content of religion determines technology’s value.
The characteristics of the medium itself shape how religion is expressed.
All religious media communicate identical messages.
Religious content transcends its medium.
Which recent theoretical concept builds on mediation to study hybrid spaces between online and offline religious practice?
Deep mediatization
Media ecology
Third space
Cyber-ecology
In hypermediation theory, what aspect of digital culture intensifies religious communication?
Its emphasis on written scriptures
The speed and proliferation of multiple media technologies
The elimination of ritual practices
The return to face-to-face communication
