NEW
Font size
WorksheetsQuiz on Hypertension
Total questions: 29
Worksheet time: 15hrs 30mins
According to JNC 7, what is the systolic blood pressure range for prehypertension?
120-140 mmHg
140-160 mmHg
>160 mmHg
80-120 mmHg
Which of the following best describes isolated systolic hypertension?
Increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure without increase in diastolic blood pressure
Decrease in systolic blood pressure only
Increase in diastolic blood pressure only
What is the role of decreased atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in hypertension?
It contributes to increased blood pressure.
It lowers blood pressure.
It has no effect on blood pressure.
It increases insulin sensitivity.
A 60-year-old patient with rapidly progressive hypertension and early complications is most likely suspected of having which type of hypertension?
Secondary hypertension
Primary hypertension
White coat hypertension
Gestational hypertension
Conn’s syndrome is characterized by which of the following symptoms?
Never severe hypertension, muscle weakness, and hypokalemia
Paroxysmal hypertension
Endothelial hyperplasia
Isolated systolic hypertension
Which of the following is a central nervous system (CNS) cause listed in the material?
Polycythemia
Lesions of the medulla
Contraceptive pills
Calcium
Lesions of the medulla can impact central nervous system function by:
disrupting autonomic functions such as breathing and heart rate.
only affecting limb movement.
improving cognitive function.
having no impact on the CNS.
Which of the following best defines hypertensive urgency?
Rapid rise of BP > 220/120 mmHg not associated with target organ damage
Rapid rise of BP > 220/120 mmHg associated with target organ damage
Hypertensive emergency with development of papilloedema
Similar to malignant hypertension without papilloedema
A patient presents with a rapid rise in blood pressure above 220/120 mmHg and evidence of target organ damage. What is the most appropriate classification for this condition?
Hypertensive emergency
Hypertensive urgency
Accelerated hypertension
Essential hypertension
How does accelerated hypertension differ from malignant hypertension?
Accelerated hypertension does not have papilloedema
Accelerated hypertension is associated with heart failure
Malignant hypertension does not have target organ damage
Malignant hypertension is not a hypertensive emergency
Which term best describes the inability of cerebral blood vessels to maintain constriction during an acute rise in blood pressure?
Failure of auto regulation
Vasodilation syndrome
Neurogenic shock
Cerebral infarction
Arrange the four grades of retinal changes in hypertensive retinopathy in the correct order from Grade I to Grade IV.
Thickening of arterioles, kinking of veins, hemorrhage & exudates, papilloedema
Kinking of veins, thickening of arterioles, papilloedema, hemorrhage & exudates
Papilloedema, hemorrhage & exudates, kinking of veins, thickening of arterioles
Hemorrhage & exudates, papilloedema, thickening of arterioles, kinking of veins
Which test is primarily used to assess renal complications?
Echo
MRI brain
Urine analysis
ECG
A patient presents with refractory hypertension. Which strategic approach should be taken regarding investigations?
Only cardiac investigations should be performed
Investigations for the cause should be considered
No investigations are necessary
Only urine analysis is required
What is the target blood pressure (BP) for most patients according to the treatment guidelines?
Lower than 140/90 mmHg
Lower than 130/80 mmHg
Lower than 150/100 mmHg
Lower than 120/80 mmHg
Which of the following is a non-pharmacological lifestyle modification recommended for the treatment of hypertension?
Lose weight if overweight
Increase salt intake
Avoid exercise
Consume more dietary fat
Which combination of lifestyle modifications is most effective in controlling risk factors for hypertension?
Regular exercise, reducing salt intake, and stopping smoking
Increasing dietary fat, avoiding exercise, and increasing salt intake
Skipping meals, increasing stress, and smoking
Only taking medication without lifestyle changes
Non-pharmacological lifestyle modifications can facilitate blood pressure control when used alongside antihypertensive drugs by:
Enhancing the effectiveness of antihypertensive drugs by addressing underlying risk factors.
Replacing the need for antihypertensive drugs entirely.
Having no impact on blood pressure control.
Increasing the side effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Which type of diuretic is most commonly used in the treatment of hypertension?
Thiazide
Lasix
Indapamide
K sparing diuretic
Which side effect is most likely to occur with sudden withdrawal of clonidine?
Rebound hypertension
Bradycardia
Hyperglycemia
Insomnia
A patient taking clonidine reports feeling dizzy upon standing and experiencing a dry mouth. Which side effects of clonidine do these symptoms represent?
Postural hypotension and dry mouth
Tachycardia and blurred vision
Nausea and vomiting
Constipation and headache
Which side effects are associated with α methyl dopa and can be remembered by the mnemonic "3H"?
Postural hypotension, Hepatitis, Hemolysis
Headache, Hypertension, Hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia, Hypernatremia, Hallucinations
Hirsutism, Hypercalcemia, Hypotonia
A patient is prescribed Prazosin for hypertension. Which side effect should the physician warn the patient about, especially after the first dose?
First dose syncope
Hyperglycemia
Renal failure
Constipation
Compare the mechanisms of action of α methyl dopa and Prazosin. How do their effects on the nervous system differ?
α methyl dopa decreases catecholamine synthesis, while Prazosin causes vasodilatation by blocking α receptors.
Both increase catecholamine synthesis.
Both act as direct vasoconstrictors.
α methyl dopa increases heart rate, while Prazosin decreases it.
Which of the following is a non-selective β blocker?
Propranolol
Atenolol
Metoprolol
Bisoprolol
Which of the following β blockers is classified as a selective β1 blocker?
Propranolol
Carvedilol
Atenolol
Labetalol
Which of the following is a side effect of β blockers related to the lungs?
Bronchospasm
Asthma
Pulmonary edema
Pneumonia
A patient taking β blockers develops depression and impotence. What is the most likely cause?
Side effects of β blockers
Drug interaction with antibiotics
Vitamin deficiency
Excessive exercise
Decreased bradykinin inactivation leads to an increase in which of the following?
Vasodilator effect
Vasoconstrictor effect
Sodium retention
Aldosterone secretion
