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Pediatric Nursing Knowledge Quiz

Total questions: 69

Worksheet time: 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which vaccine is first administered to newborns before hospital discharge?

a)

Hepatitis B

b)

Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)

c)

Varicella

d)

DTaP

2.

At what age does the anterior fontanelle typically close in infants?

a)

2-4 months

b)

6-8 months

c)

12-18 months

d)

24-36 months

3.

Which of the following is a common sign of dehydration in infants?

a)

Bulging fontanelle

b)

Sunken eyes

c)

Increased urine output

d)

Moist mucous membranes

4.

Which nutrient is most important for preventing rickets in children?

a)

Vitamin C

b)

Vitamin D

c)

Iron

d)

Calcium

5.

What is the recommended site for intramuscular injection in infants under 12 months?

a)

Deltoid muscle

b)

Vastus lateralis

c)

Gluteus maximus

d)

Abdomen

6.

Which of the following is a principle of family-centered care?

a)

The nurse makes all decisions for the child

b)

Family members are excluded from care planning

c)

Families are partners in the child’s care

d)

Only the physician communicates with the family

7.

A 4-year-old child is due for the MMR vaccine. Which other vaccine is typically administered at the same visit?

a)

Hepatitis B

b)

DTaP

c)

Rotavirus

d)

HPV

8.

A child weighing 20 kg is prescribed amoxicillin at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day in two divided doses. What is the amount of amoxicillin per dose?

a)

125 mg

b)

250 mg

c)

500 mg

d)

1000 mg

9.

A 2-year-old is admitted with croup. Which intervention is most appropriate to relieve symptoms?

a)

Administer a cough suppressant

b)

Provide cool mist humidification

c)

Encourage vigorous activity

d)

Give aspirin for fever

10.

A 6-month-old infant is being introduced to solid foods. Which food should be introduced first?

a)

Cow’s milk

b)

Honey

c)

Iron-fortified rice cereal

d)

Egg whites

11.

A nurse is teaching parents about the immunization schedule. Which statement by the parent indicates understanding?

a)

"My child will receive the first MMR vaccine at 6 months."

b)

"The DTaP vaccine is given at 2, 4, and 6 months."

c)

"Varicella vaccine is given at birth."

d)

"Polio vaccine is not needed until school age."

12.

A 7-year-old with type 1 diabetes is learning to self-administer insulin. Which action by the child shows understanding of the procedure?

a)

Injecting into the same site every time

b)

Rotating injection sites

c)

Using expired insulin

d)

Skipping doses when feeling well

13.

A nurse is planning care for a toddler hospitalized with pneumonia. Which strategy best supports family-centered care?

a)

Restricting parental visits to reduce infection risk

b)

Encouraging parents to participate in care routines

c)

Limiting information shared with the family

d)

Assigning all care to nursing staff

14.

A 3-year-old child is brought to the clinic with a fever and rash. The nurse suspects measles. Which assessment finding supports this diagnosis?

a)

Koplik spots in the mouth

b)

Strawberry tongue

c)

Sandpaper rash

d)

Vesicular lesions on hands and feet

15.

A 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis is not gaining weight despite adequate caloric intake. What is the most likely reason?

a)

Increased physical activity

b)

Malabsorption due to pancreatic insufficiency

c)

Poor appetite

d)

Excessive fluid intake

16.

A nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed asthma. Which teaching strategy would best help the family manage the child’s condition at home?

a)

Provide a written asthma action plan and demonstrate inhaler use

b)

Advise the family to avoid all physical activity

c)

Instruct the family to use medication only during attacks

d)

Recommend over-the-counter cough suppressants

17.

A 10-year-old is prescribed a medication with a safe dosage range of 5–10 mg/kg/day. The child weighs 30 kg and is prescribed 300 mg per day. Is this dosage safe, and why?

a)

Yes, because it is within the safe range

b)

No, because it is below the safe range

c)

No, because it exceeds the safe range

d)

Yes, because the child is older than 8 years

18.

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for parents of a child with iron-deficiency anemia. Which dietary change should be recommended to improve iron absorption?

a)

Increase intake of dairy products

b)

Serve iron-rich foods with vitamin C sources

c)

Limit intake of leafy green vegetables

d)

Avoid all red meats

19.

A 2-year-old is hospitalized for severe gastroenteritis. The nurse must prioritize care. Which action should be taken first?

a)

Start oral rehydration therapy

b)

Administer antiemetic medication

c)

Begin a regular diet

d)

Provide a favorite toy

20.

A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of a family-centered care approach for a child with chronic illness. Which outcome best indicates success?

a)

The child’s parents feel excluded from decision-making

b)

The family actively participates in care planning and implementation

c)

The nurse makes all care decisions independently

d)

The child is not allowed to express preferences

21.

Which intervention is most appropriate for a child experiencing an acute asthma attack at home?

a)

Use a quick-relief inhaler as prescribed

b)

Encourage the child to lie flat

c)

Offer dairy products to soothe the throat

d)

Delay medication until symptoms worsen

22.

At what age do infants typically begin to sit without support?

a)

2 months

b)

9 months

c)

12 months

d)

6 months

23.

Which food should be avoided when introducing solids to infants under 1 year due to risk of botulism?

a)

Honey

b)

Banana

c)

Iron-fortified rice cereal

d)

Pureed carrots

24.

Which sign is most commonly observed in a child with scarlet fever?

a)

Koplik spots

b)

Sunken eyes

c)

Strawberry tongue

d)

Vesicular rash on trunk

25.

What is the most appropriate intervention for a toddler with bronchiolitis experiencing mild respiratory distress?

a)

Give aspirin for fever

b)

Encourage high-protein diet

c)

Provide humidified oxygen

d)

Administer oral antibiotics

26.

Which vaccine is recommended for children to prevent chickenpox?

a)

Varicella

b)

DTaP

c)

Hepatitis B

d)

Rotavirus

27.

What is the most important action to take for a child who has been submerged in cold water and appears lifeless?

a)

Immediate warming up

b)

Starting CPR immediately

c)

Waiting for emergency services to arrive

d)

Giving them something warm to drink

28.

After a near-drowning incident, why is it important to seek medical attention, even if the child seems fine?

a)

Risk of delayed drowning symptoms

b)

To get a certificate of health

c)

To avoid legal consequences

d)

To learn swimming techniques

29.

Which of the following is a common respiratory disorder characterized by inflamed airways and difficulty breathing?

a)

Diabetes

b)

Asthma

c)

Arthritis

d)

Anemia

30.

Which of the following is a symptom of pediatric respiratory distress syndrome?

a)

Increased heart rate

b)

Blue skin coloration (cyanosis)

c)

Grunting sounds

d)

All of the above

31.

Bronchiolitis is most commonly caused by which virus?

a)

Influenza

b)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

c)

Human rhinovirus

d)

Adenovirus

32.

What is a common sign of pneumonia in infants?

a)

Cough

b)

Rash

c)

Constipation

d)

Increased appetite

33.

Which food should infants avoid for the first year?

a)

Carrots

b)

Bread

c)

Honey

d)

Juice

34.

Infants under one year of age generally do not need which of the following in their diet

a)

Meat

b)

Rice

c)

Water

d)

Juice

35.

Which of the following is a common respiratory disorder characterized by inflamed airways and difficulty breathing?

a)

Diabetes

b)

Asthma

c)

Arthritis

d)

Anemia

36.

Croup is characterized by which of the following symptoms?

a)

A barking cough

b)

A high-pitched wheeze

c)

A runny nose

d)

A fever

37.

Pneumonia in infants can be caused by:

a)

Bacteria only

b)

Viruses only

c)

Both bacteria and viruses

d)

Neither bacteria nor viruses

38.

Which of the following is a classic symptom of asthma in children?

a)

Frequent urination

b)

Wheezing

c)

Rash

d)

Diarrhea

39.

What is a way to become immune to a disease without first having the disease?

a)

antibiotics

b)

Anti-retroviral drugs

c)

Vaccinations

d)

Exposure Therapies

40.

When given a vaccine, your body recognizes it as an invader and builds _________ against the virus.

a)

lysogens

b)

capsids

c)

antibodies

d)

immunoglobulins

41.

Substances that cause the body to produce antibodies.

a)

antibodies

b)

antigens

42.

You are a doctor and Little Billy is in your office with the flu. His mother wants you to prescribe an antibiotic. Which would be the best response?

a)

"Absolutely, get that kid an antibiotic!"

b)

"Actually, he just needs to take a painkiller."

c)

"Unfortunately, antibiotics do not work against viruses like the flu."

d)

"Give him a vaccine and he will feel better right away!"

43.

A person develops natural immunity.

a)

Before getting sick.

b)

After one dose of a vaccine.

c)

After several doses of a vaccine.

d)

After recovering from an illness.

44.

Which of the following is the best initial response when a child is found unresponsive after a near-drowning incident?

a)

Offer the child a snack

b)

Wait for the child to wake up on their own

c)

Change the child's clothes

d)

Check for breathing and start rescue breaths if needed

45.

Which component of the immune system directly attacks and destroys antigens?

a)

Platelets

b)

Plasma proteins

c)

Red blood cells

d)

White blood cells

46.

What dietary supplement is commonly recommended for children with cystic fibrosis to aid in nutrient absorption?

a)

Iron supplements

b)

Calcium tablets

c)

Pancreatic enzymes

d)

Vitamin K only

47.

Which of the following is a recommended intervention for a child experiencing an allergic reaction affecting the airway?

a)

Encourage fluid intake

b)

Provide humidified oxygen

c)

Administer oral antibiotics

d)

Give an epinephrine injection

48.

What is the primary function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

a)

Filter dust particles

b)

Exchange gases between air and blood

c)

Produce mucus

d)

Regulate body temperature

49.

Which of the following is a common trigger for asthma attacks in children?

a)

Wearing tight clothing

b)

Exposure to cold air

c)

Eating spicy foods

d)

Drinking milk

50.

In pediatric near-drowning, hypothermia can be a concern. What is the first step in managing a hypothermic child?

a)

Rapid rewarming in hot water

b)

Gentle rewarming and dry clothing

c)

Immediate CPR

d)

Administration of hot drinks

51.

Immediately after rescuing a child from water, what is the FIRST step you should take?

a)

Start CPR

b)

Check for responsiveness and breathing

c)

Call for emergency medical services

d)

Lay the child on their side

52.

Tetralogy of Fallot involeves which defects?

Select all that apply.

a)

Ventricular septal defect

b)

Right ventricular hypertrophy

c)

Pulmoinic atresia

d)

Pulmonic stenosis

e)

Overriding aorta

53.

Which plan would be appropriate in helping to control congestiv heart failure (CHF) in an infant?

a)

Promotin fluid restriction

b)

Feeding a low-salt formula

c)

Feeding in semi-Fowler position

d)

Encouraging breast milk

54.

What should the nurse assess prior to administerind digoxin?

Select all that apply.

a)

Scelera

b)

Apical pulse

c)

Cough

d)

Liver function test

55.

The nurse is caring for a child with ADHD. Which behavior would the nurse not expect the child to display?

a)

Moody, morose behavior with pouting

b)

Interruption and inability to take turns

c)

Forgetfulness and easy distractibility

d)

Excessive motor activities and fidgeting

56.

The nurse is caring for an adolescent who says, “I’m sick of this. I wish I weren’t alive anymore.” What is the best response by the nurse?

a)

“I often feel sad and sick of things.”

b)

“Have you thought about hurting yourself?”

c)

“Are you trying to escape from your problems?”

d)

“Do your parents know about this feeling?”

57.

The nurse is collecting data on an 18-month-old child admitted with a diagnosis of possible seizures. When interviewing the caregivers, which questions would be most important for the nurse to ask?

a)

“Is your child up to date on his immunizations?”

b)

“Has anyone in your family been sick recently”

c)

“What type of activities was your child doing today?”

d)

“Have you checked your child's temperature?”

58.

A child comes to the emergency room appearing very ill, reports leg pain, and refuses to bear weight on the leg. The nurse suspects the child may have septic arthritis. When taking the child's history, which information is significant?

a)

recent respiratory infection

b)

fall on the affected joint

c)

camping trip in the woods

d)

diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

59.

A child has had cold symptoms for more than 2 weeks, a headache, nasal congestion with purulent nasal drainage, facial tenderness, and a cough that increases during sleep. The nurse plans to teach the parents about which anticipated treatment plan?

a)

Antihistamine use

b)

Cold washcloths on the face for comfort

c)

Antibiotic treatment with amoxicillin

d)

Referral for a sinuplasty

60.

For which potential problem should the child with chronic otitis media with effusion be evaluated?

a)

Brain abscess

b)

Meningitis

c)

Perforation of the tympanic membrane

d)

Hearing loss

61.

A 5-year-old is recovering from a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and is being discharged home with his mother. Home care instructions should include which of the following? Select all that apply.

a)

A. Observe the child for continuous swallowing.

b)

Encourage the child to take sips of cool, clear liquids.

c)

Administer codeine elixir as necessary for throat pain.

d)

Observe the child for restlessness or difficulty breathing.

e)

Administer an analgesic such as acetaminophen for pain.

62.

When caring for a child after a tonsillectomy, what intervention should the nurse do?

a)

Watch for continuous swallowing

b)

Encourage gargling to reduce discomfort.

c)

Apply warm compresses to the throat.

d)

Position the child on the back for sleeping.

63.

The mother of your 7-year-old patient who has a history of severe developmental mental delay and is nonverbal, asks if the patient can receive some pain medication. You should assess the patient's level of pain using which pain scale?

a)

Wong-Baker Faces scale

b)

Visual analogue scale

c)

0-10 numeric pain scale

d)

FLACC scale

64.

What is the most common cause of pediatric cardiac arrest?

a)

Vascular Emergencies

b)

Long QT Syndrome

c)

Trauma

d)

Hypoxia

65.

What eye condition is described as: unequal curvature of the cornea resulting in blurred vision?

a)

Astigmatism

b)

Refraction

c)

Myopia

d)

Hyperopia

66.

The treatment for children with seizures is usually:

a)

Surgery

b)

Medication

c)

Restricted diets

d)

Exercise regimens

67.

Haemophilius influenzae meningitis is often spread by which mode of transmission?

a)

Contact

b)

Airborn

c)

Droplet

d)

Fecal

68.

You are to obtain a urine specimen from a 3-year-old child. Which method should be attempted first?

a)

Straight catheterization

b)

Clean catch

c)

Urine bag

d)

Indwelling catheter

69.

The child diagnosed with muscular dystrophy uses a method of rising from the floor which is referred to as which of the following?

a)

Legg–Calvé–Perthes

b)

Gowers sign

c)

Milwaukee brace

d)

Boston brace