WorksheetsExcretory System
Total questions: 81
Worksheet time: 44mins
Select the excretory organs!
Skin
Lungs
Kidneys
Liver
Intestine
The metabolic reactions in our body produce some _____ products that our body must remove.
waste
organ
mucus
slime
If waste products accumulate in the body, what will happen??
the toxicity will affect our health
they will damage the organs in our body
they will get absorbed as nutrients
the toxicity will not affect our health
What is the largest organ in our body?
(a)
What is the outermost layer of the skin?
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous Tissue
What function does the skin have apart from being an excretory organ?
heat insulator
a sensory organ
a barrier that protects the body from harmful microbes
an antibacterial wall that protects the blood from getting infected with zombie virus
What is skin pigment?
Melanin
Chlorophyll
Sweat
Sunscreen
How does the skin act as regulator for body temperature?
Sweat
Melanin
Photosynthesis
Guttation
What are sebaceous glands?
small glands in the skin that produce an oily substance called sebum
specialized structures that detect and transmit information about the environment, such as touch, pressure, pain, and temperature, to the brain and spinal cord
a small, muscular blood vessel that branches from an artery to supply blood to the capillaries
subcutaneous layer that provides insulation and padding, protein that provides structural support and firmness, and cells that produce both collagen and other proteins like elastin
small, coiled tubes within the skin's dermis that produce and secrete sweat through ducts to help regulate body temperature and for other functions like hydration and waste removal
What are sensory nerve endings?
small glands in the skin that produce an oily substance called sebum
specialized structures that detect and transmit information about the environment, such as touch, pressure, pain, and temperature, to the brain and spinal cord
a small, muscular blood vessel that branches from an artery to supply blood to the capillaries
subcutaneous layer that provides insulation and padding, protein that provides structural support and firmness, and cells that produce both collagen and other proteins like elastin
small, coiled tubes within the skin's dermis that produce and secrete sweat through ducts to help regulate body temperature and for other functions like hydration and waste removal
What are arterioles?
small glands in the skin that produce an oily substance called sebum
specialized structures that detect and transmit information about the environment, such as touch, pressure, pain, and temperature, to the brain and spinal cord
a small, muscular blood vessel that branches from an artery to supply blood to the capillaries
subcutaneous layer that provides insulation and padding, protein that provides structural support and firmness, and cells that produce both collagen and other proteins like elastin
small, coiled tubes within the skin's dermis that produce and secrete sweat through ducts to help regulate body temperature and for other functions like hydration and waste removal
What are fat, collagen, and fibroblasts in skin?
small glands in the skin that produce an oily substance called sebum
specialized structures that detect and transmit information about the environment, such as touch, pressure, pain, and temperature, to the brain and spinal cord
a small, muscular blood vessel that branches from an artery to supply blood to the capillaries
subcutaneous layer that provides insulation and padding, protein that provides structural support and firmness, and cells that produce both collagen and other proteins like elastin
small, coiled tubes within the skin's dermis that produce and secrete sweat through ducts to help regulate body temperature and for other functions like hydration and waste removal
What are sweat glands?
small glands in the skin that produce an oily substance called sebum
specialized structures that detect and transmit information about the environment, such as touch, pressure, pain, and temperature, to the brain and spinal cord
a small, muscular blood vessel that branches from an artery to supply blood to the capillaries
subcutaneous layer that provides insulation and padding, protein that provides structural support and firmness, and cells that produce both collagen and other proteins like elastin
small, coiled tubes within the skin's dermis that produce and secrete sweat through ducts to help regulate body temperature and for other functions like hydration and waste removal
What layer are sweat glands found?
Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous layer
What area are sweat glands usually found?
under armpits
palms of hands
soles of feet
inside of ear
Subcutaneous Tissue layer is also known as
Hypodermis
Hydrodermis
Subdermis
Epidermis
A sweat gland is made up of a coiled tube connected to a sweat duct that opens on the surface of the epidermis as a sweat pore. Excess water from blood capillaries are absorbed by sweat glands and released as sweat.
Sweat = 99% water, 1% waste from blood such as sodium chloride and urea
True
False
Functions of skin hair
aiding in the elimination of sweat and other waste products
help regulate body temp by facilitating the evaporation of sweat
protective barrier against harmful UV radiation
Which organs are major part in respiratory system but also part of the excretory system?
Lungs
Trachea
Nose
Bladder
Lungs take oxygen from air not for
cellular respiration
True
False
The by product from lungs are CO2 and H20
True
False
Lungs are responsible for the excretion of solid and liquid wastes from the body
True
False
Waste are released from the lungs through a process called
vomiting
exhalation
inhalation
diarrhoea
What is the additional function of lungs other than expelling carbon dioxide?
help maintain acid-base balance in the body by releasing small amounts of bicarbonate ions, which regulates the pH of the body's fluids
Osmoregulator
Photosynthesis, transpiration, and guttation
Why do we need excretory system?
Because metabolism produce waste as a by-product
to become unhealthy
so we can eat fast food and excrete the unhealthy part only before digesting
Homeostasis is the process by which biological systems maintain a stable internal environment, keeping internal conditions like temperature, blood sugar, and hydration balanced despite external changes
True
False
What are the functions of kidney?
Osmoregulator (An osmoregulator organ is a part of the body that maintains the balance of water and solutes, or salts, to keep the internal environment stable)
Eliminate waste such as ammonia and urea
Expel the urine from our body
Are you hydrated?
Yes
Maybe
No
What are the parts of the urinary tracts?
Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
Spinchter
Which one is higher, left or right kidney?
The left kidney is located higher than the right kidney because the right kidney is pressed by the liver.
The right kidney is located higher than the left kidney because the left kidney is pressed by the liver.
The kidneys are protected by
ribs
back muscles
heart
nose
Renal Cortex
surrounded by renal capsule and a layer of fat, inside there are glomeruli and tubules that are intertwined. The function is to protect the structures or inner parts of the kidney from damage
Soft kidney tissue consisting of henle's loops and renal pyramids (small structures containing tubules and nephrons) the tubules in here transport the incoming fluid and carry urine out of the kidneys
Shaped like a funnel, located in the innermost part of the kidney. The function is to be the pathway for urine to the bladder. At the first part, there are calyces, which collect fluid before it goes to ureter and bladder, then the fluid enters the hilum (a small hole that carries fluid to the ureter and bladder)
Renal Medulla
surrounded by renal capsule and a layer of fat, inside there are glomeruli and tubules that are intertwined. The function is to protect the structures or inner parts of the kidney from damage
Soft kidney tissue consisting of henle's loops and renal pyramids (small structures containing tubules and nephrons) the tubules in here transport the incoming fluid and carry urine out of the kidneys
Shaped like a funnel, located in the innermost part of the kidney. The function is to be the pathway for urine to the bladder. At the first part, there are calyces, which collect fluid before it goes to ureter and bladder, then the fluid enters the hilum (a small hole that carries fluid to the ureter and bladder)
Renal Pelvis
surrounded by renal capsule and a layer of fat, inside there are glomeruli and tubules that are intertwined. The function is to protect the structures or inner parts of the kidney from damage
Soft kidney tissue consisting of henle's loops and renal pyramids (small structures containing tubules and nephrons) the tubules in here transport the incoming fluid and carry urine out of the kidneys
Shaped like a funnel, located in the innermost part of the kidney. The function is to be the pathway for urine to the bladder. At the first part, there are calyces, which collect fluid before it goes to ureter and bladder, then the fluid enters the hilum (a small hole that carries fluid to the ureter and bladder)
Which one are NOT the differences between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons
Cortical = located in superficial part
Juxtamedullary = deep in the cortex near renal medulla
Cortical = have short loop of henle and primarily involved in filtration and other regulatory functions
Juxtamedullary = have long loop of henle and crucial for creating osmotic gradient that allows for the production of concentrated urine
Cortical = creates primary urine
Juxtamedullary = creates secondary and tertiary urine
A ureter is a long, thin muscular tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
True
False
Malphigi body consists of
Glomerulus
Bowman's capsule
Proximal tubule
Loop of henle
Distal Tubule
Function of glomerulus
Filter blood to create glomerular filtrate
filter blood by acting as a cup-like sac that collects and receives fluid from the glomerulus
reabsorb essential nutrients, water, and ions from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream, while also secreting waste products like drugs and toxins into the urine
to reabsorb water and salts from the filtrate, which concentrates the urine and conserves water for the body
reabsorb ions like sodium, chloride, and calcium, secrete potassium, and regulate pH levels by reabsorbing bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions
Function of Bowman's capsule
Filter blood to create glomerular filtrate
filter blood by acting as a cup-like sac that collects and receives fluid from the glomerulus
reabsorb essential nutrients, water, and ions from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream, while also secreting waste products like drugs and toxins into the urine
to reabsorb water and salts from the filtrate, which concentrates the urine and conserves water for the body
reabsorb ions like sodium, chloride, and calcium, secrete potassium, and regulate pH levels by reabsorbing bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions
Function of Proximal tubule
Filter blood to create glomerular filtrate
filter blood by acting as a cup-like sac that collects and receives fluid from the glomerulus
reabsorb essential nutrients, water, and ions from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream, while also secreting waste products like drugs and toxins into the urine
to reabsorb water and salts from the filtrate, which concentrates the urine and conserves water for the body
reabsorb ions like sodium, chloride, and calcium, secrete potassium, and regulate pH levels by reabsorbing bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions
Function of Loop of Henle
Filter blood to create glomerular filtrate
filter blood by acting as a cup-like sac that collects and receives fluid from the glomerulus
reabsorb essential nutrients, water, and ions from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream, while also secreting waste products like drugs and toxins into the urine
to reabsorb water and salts from the filtrate, which concentrates the urine and conserves water for the body
reabsorb ions like sodium, chloride, and calcium, secrete potassium, and regulate pH levels by reabsorbing bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions
Function of Distal Tubule
Filter blood to create glomerular filtrate
filter blood by acting as a cup-like sac that collects and receives fluid from the glomerulus
reabsorb essential nutrients, water, and ions from the glomerular filtrate back into the bloodstream, while also secreting waste products like drugs and toxins into the urine
to reabsorb water and salts from the filtrate, which concentrates the urine and conserves water for the body
reabsorb ions like sodium, chloride, and calcium, secrete potassium, and regulate pH levels by reabsorbing bicarbonate and secreting hydrogen ions
What substance is primarily excreted by the kidneys?
Urea
Bile
Sweat and sebum
CO2 and water vapor
What substance is primarily excreted by the liver?
Urea
Bile
Sweat and sebum
CO2 and water vapor
What substance is primarily excreted by the skin?
Urea
Bile
Sweat and sebum
CO2 and water vapor
What substance is primarily excreted by the lungs?
Urea
Bile
Sweat and sebum
CO2 and water vapor
Filtration occurs in...
Glomerulus and Bowman's Capsule
Proximal Tubule, Loop of Henle
distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
Reabsorption occurs in...
Glomerulus and Bowman's Capsule
Proximal Tubule, Loop of Henle
distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
Reabsorption occurs in...
Glomerulus and Bowman's Capsule
Proximal Tubule, Loop of Henle, Distal convoluted tubule
distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
Augmentation occurs in...
Glomerulus and Bowman's Capsule
Proximal Tubule, Loop of Henle
distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
What is the largest gland in the body????
Liver
Lungs
Sweat gland
Where is the liver located?
Beneath the diaphragm
In front of the ribs
Behind lungs
On top of the head
Gallbladder function is...
store bile
as a friend for liver so it doesn't get lonely
replace liver if it's broken
heal the liver
What are the functions of liver?
Detoxification, destroy old erythrocyte, produce urea
Regulate blood sugar level, store vit.ADEK which dissolves in fat, and iron
Polluting and insert waste product into the blood
regulate blood cholestrol lvl by converting to bile sale, and makes plasma protein (albumin, fibrinogen, amino acid)
What is the function of bile
help digestion process
filter the blood
connects the liver and the lungs
Bile contains...
Water
Bile acid and salt
Cholestrol, bilirubin, bilverdin
gallbladder mucus
sweat
What is kidney stone?
Sedimentation of calcium salt
and uric acid
Erythrocyte in urine (blood in urine)
Kidney cannot filter the blood
What is hematuria?
Sedimentation of calcium salt
and uric acid
Erythrocyte in urine (blood in urine)
Kidney cannot filter the blood
What is kidney failure?
Sedimentation of calcium salt
and uric acid
Erythrocyte in urine (blood in urine)
Kidney cannot filter the blood
Early stage and treatment of kidney stone please
Early stage: drink a lot
Treatment : laser or operation
Sign: uremia (high urea and creatinin)
Treatment:
Hemodialysis (cuci darah)
Kidney transplant
Caused by inflammation in
urine
Cause of hematuria please
Early stage: drink a lot
Treatment : laser or operation
Sign: uremia (high urea and creatinin)
Treatment:
Hemodialysis (cuci darah)
Kidney transplant
Caused by inflammation in
urine
Cause, treatment, sign of kidney failuse please
Early stage: drink a lot
Treatment : laser or operation
Sign: uremia (high urea and creatinin)
Treatment:
Hemodialysis (cuci darah)
Kidney transplant
Caused by, chemical, biological,
physical
Caused by inflammation in
urine
Albuminuria
High protein
Disrupted filtration
process
Streptococcus infection
Cause uremia dan edema
Lead to kidney failure
Lack of ADH (anti diuretic
hormon)
frequently pee
Lack of insulin hormone
High blood sugar level
frequently pee
Nephritis
High protein
Disrupted filtration
process
Streptococcus infection
Cause uremia dan edema
Lead to kidney failure
Lack of ADH (anti diuretic
hormon)
frequently pee
Lack of insulin hormone
High blood sugar level
frequently pee
Diabetes Insipidus
High protein
Disrupted filtration
process
Streptococcus infection
Cause uremia dan edema
Lead to kidney failure
Lack of ADH (anti diuretic
hormon)
frequently pee
Lack of insulin hormone
High blood sugar level
frequently pee
Diabetes Insipidus
High protein
Disrupted filtration
process
Streptococcus infection
Cause uremia dan edema
Lead to kidney failure
Lack of ADH (anti diuretic
hormon)
frequently pee
Lack of insulin hormone
High blood sugar level
frequently pee
Diabetes Mellitus
High protein
Disrupted filtration
process
Streptococcus infection
Cause uremia dan edema
Lead to kidney failure
Lack of ADH (anti diuretic
hormon)
frequently pee
Lack of insulin hormone
High blood sugar level
frequently pee
Oligouria
urine production decrease
no production of urine
urine production increase
Anuria
urine production decrease
no production of urine
urine production increase
Polyuria
urine production decrease
no production of urine
urine production increase
Cirrhosis
Scar in liver, slowly
deteriorates
Caused by alcohol, virus,
medicine
Yellowish color of eye
and skin
Billirubin is deposited in
skin
Inflammation in liver
Caused by VIRUS
Can caused jaundice and
cirrhosis
Jaundice
Scar in liver, slowly
deteriorates
Caused by alcohol, virus,
medicine
Yellowish color of eye
and skin
Billirubin is deposited in
skin
Inflammation in liver
Caused by VIRUS
Can caused jaundice and
cirrhosis
Hepatitis
Scar in liver, slowly
deteriorates
Caused by alcohol, virus,
medicine
Yellowish color of eye
and skin
Billirubin is deposited in
skin
Inflammation in liver
Caused by VIRUS
Can caused jaundice and
cirrhosis
Did you remember this yet
OK YES
NO
Athlete Foot
Caused by fungi
Trichophyton
Scaling, flaking & itching
Caused by fungi Trichophyton
Ring-shaped rash: itchy, red,
scaly and slightly raised.
Caused by insect Sarcoptes
scabiei (live in skin)
Also called 7 years itch
Transmitted by touch or
sharing towel, bed, etc.
Atopic dermatitis -allergic
reaction
Skin red and itchy
Ringworm
Caused by fungi
Trichophyton
Scaling, flaking & itching
Caused by fungi Trichophyton
Ring-shaped rash: itchy, red,
scaly and slightly raised.
Caused by insect Sarcoptes
scabiei (live in skin)
Also called 7 years itch
Transmitted by touch or
sharing towel, bed, etc.
Atopic dermatitis -allergic
reaction
Skin red and itchy
Scabies
Caused by fungi
Trichophyton
Scaling, flaking & itching
Caused by fungi Trichophyton
Ring-shaped rash: itchy, red,
scaly and slightly raised.
Caused by insect Sarcoptes
scabiei (live in skin)
Also called 7 years itch
Transmitted by touch or
sharing towel, bed, etc.
Atopic dermatitis -allergic
reaction
Skin red and itchy
Ezecma
Caused by fungi
Trichophyton
Scaling, flaking & itching
Caused by fungi Trichophyton
Ring-shaped rash: itchy, red,
scaly and slightly raised.
Caused by insect Sarcoptes
scabiei (live in skin)
Also called 7 years itch
Transmitted by touch or
sharing towel, bed, etc.
Atopic dermatitis -allergic
reaction
Skin red and itchy
Melanoma
Black mole cancer
Exposure to UV light
inflammatory skin condition
that causes spots and
pimples
Bacteria: Propionibacterium
acne
eczema
Swelling and irritation in
skin
blister, ooze, crust or
flake
non contagious
Acne
Black mole cancer
Exposure to UV light
inflammatory skin condition
that causes spots and
pimples
Bacteria: Propionibacterium
acne
eczema
Swelling and irritation in
skin
blister, ooze, crust or
flake
non contagious
Dermatitis
Black mole cancer
Exposure to UV light
inflammatory skin condition
that causes spots and
pimples
Bacteria: Propionibacterium
acne
eczema
Swelling and irritation in
skin
blister, ooze, crust or
flake
non contagious
