WorksheetsDNA and Protein Synthesis Unit Study Guide 10-22-25
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 21mins
Which letter in the diagram represents the phosphate group in a DNA nucleotide?
A
B
C
D
Which letter in the diagram represents the deoxyribose sugar in a DNA nucleotide?
A
B
C
D
Which letters in the diagram represent the base pairs or nitrogenous bases in a DNA nucleotide?
A and B
C and D
A and D
B and C
Which molecule is represented by letter B in the diagram?
DNA
RNA
Protein
Enzyme
Which molecule is represented by letter A in the diagram?
RNA
DNA
Protein
Carbohydrate
Which molecule is represented by letter C in the diagram?
Protein
DNA
RNA
Lipid
What is the correct sequence of information flow shown in the diagram?
DNA → RNA → Protein
Protein → RNA → DNA
RNA → DNA → Protein
Protein → DNA → RNA
Which process is represented by Letter A in the diagram?
DNA Replication
Transcription
Translation
Protein Folding
Which process is represented by Letter B in the diagram?
DNA Replication
Transcription
Translation
Cell Division
Which process is represented by Letter C in the diagram?
DNA Replication
Transcription
Translation
Mutation
Which molecule makes up part of the backbone of DNA and can bond to a base or phosphate?
Deoxyribose sugar
Nitrogenous base
Phosphate
Ribose sugar
Which molecule makes up part of the backbone of DNA and can only bond to sugar?
Phosphate
Nitrogenous base
Deoxyribose sugar
Ribose sugar
Which of the following is a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen and, in DNA, includes Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine?
Nitrogenous base
Deoxyribose sugar
Phosphate
Ribose sugar
Which term best describes an enzyme that creates long chains of polymers, specifically nucleic acids like DNA and RNA?
Polymerase
Mutation
Translation
Replication
What is the term for a change or error in the DNA sequence that can occur during replication?
Mutation
Polymerase
Translation
Transcription
What is the process called when the RNA strand is used to make an amino acid chain, allowing the cell to make proteins?
Translation
Mutation
Polymerase
Replication
These are the building blocks of proteins.
Amino Acid
Transcription
Replication
Nucleotide
The cell reads the DNA and makes a complementary strand of RNA. What is this process called?
Transcription
Replication
Amino Acid
Translation
What is the process of making a copy of DNA called?
Replication
Transcription
Translation
Amino Acid Synthesis
Which statement best describes how to use the base pairing rule for DNA replication?
The new strand of DNA should only have thymine to pair with adenine from the original DNA.
The new strand of DNA can have both thymine and uracil as possible bases.
The new strand of DNA should only have uracil to pair with adenine from the original DNA.
None of the above.
DNA Replication (DNA to DNA): Please select the new DNA bases that would pair with the partial DNA strand ACT.
TGA
UAC
ATC
TAC
Which of the following statements best describes a key difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA has uracil as one of its bases and RNA does not.
RNA is double stranded, while DNA is single stranded.
DNA can directly be used to make proteins without the help of RNA.
RNA has uracil as one of its bases and DNA does not.
Transcription (DNA to RNA): Please select the new RNA bases that would pair with the partial DNA strand CCA.
TGA
GGU
ACU
UCU
Translation (RNA to protein): Which step describes how to use the first letter in an RNA codon (CAU for example) to make the amino acid?
The first letter of RNA indicates the largest letter on the chart.
The first letter of RNA indicates the medium sized letter on the chart.
The first letter of RNA indicates the smallest letter on the chart.
None of the choices are correct
Translation (RNA to protein): What amino acid would be created by the following RNA codon? ACU
Thr (T)
His (H)
Arg (R)
Pro (P)
Based on the two tables below, which of the following segments of DNA has a mutation?
Nucleotide 233 has a mutation.
Nucleotide 230 has a mutation.
Nucleotide 231 has a mutation.
Nucleotide 232 has a mutation.
Based on the two tables below, which of the following best describes the possible outcomes of this mutation on the mouse with the dark coat-color?
The dark mouse will not be able to create the Gln amino acid because of this mutation.
The dark mouse will have a fur color protein that is shaped differently because of this mutation.
The dark mouse will have a fur color protein that stays the same because of this mutation.
The dark mouse will have a lighter coat color because of this mutation.
What does this image represent?
weather conditions
amount of ultraviolet light intensity
skin color
altitude
Traveling away from the equator, what happens in general to the amount of UV intensity?
The intensity decreases.
The intensity increases
The intensity stays the same.
It is impossible to predict.
Who would be most at risk of developing rickets, a bone disease caused by insufficient calcium absorption?
Children born to mothers with dark skin living far from the equator.
Adults with dark skin who live close to the equator.
Children born to mothers with light skin, living close to the equator.
Adults with light skin who live close to the equator.
Anyone who eats a diet that includes a lot of fish
If a person lives in an environment with low radiation (UV light) what kind of skin color would be the best adapted
Which answer is more appropriate?
Traits are good or bad.
Traits can be harmful or hurtful depending on the environment.
Traits are always helpful or hurtful, regardless of the environment.
Traits are helpful or bad.
The graph in Figure 2 summarizes the age at which people are diagnosed with melanoma, the most serious form of skin cancer. Why does protection from skin cancer not explain the strong selective pressure for dark skin in high UV ares.
Because the median age is 63.
Because most people get skin cancer at a young age.
Because most people get skin color at an old age.
Because many people get skin color at an older age after they have already had children and probably passed the gene onto them.
