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WorksheetsISSUES ECONOMIC
Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 5mins
1. What is the primary focus of health economics?
A. Distribution of hospital staff between public and private sectors
B. Application of economic principles to healthcare to balance cost, quality, and access
C. Calculation of GDP and fiscal deficit
D. Regulating medical education
2. According to the MADANI Budget 2025, what percentage growth is Malaysia’s GDP projected to reach?
A. 2 – 3 %
B. 3.5 – 4.0 %
C. 4.8 – 5.3 %
D. 6 – 7 %
3. Which of the following represents a current issue in global health economics?
A. Oversupply of free healthcare
B. Rising healthcare costs and ageing populations
C. Decreasing need for preventive care
D. Overfunding of chronic disease programs
4. Distributive justice in healthcare aims to ensure that:
A. Everyone pays the same tax rate
B. Health resources are allocated fairly and ethically
D. Wealthier patients receive priority access
5. The Entitlement Theory of distributive justice, proposed by Robert Nozick (1974), focuses on:
A. Equality of outcomes among citizens
B. Justice in ownership and transfer of holdings
C. Maximising social utility
D. State-controlled redistribution
6. The 1978 Alma Ata Declaration emphasised that:
A. Private healthcare ensures efficiency
B. Economic development is essential to achieve “Health for All”
C. Health is determined solely by medical technology
D. Social inequity in health is acceptable for growth
7. From an Islamic perspective, the principle of Maslahah refers to:
A. Prohibition of uncertainty
B. Acting in the public interest to maximise benefit and reduce harm
C. Faith-based charity only
D. Exclusive rights of private insurers
8. Which Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) most directly relates to ensuring equitable access to healthcare?
A. SDG 2 – Zero Hunger
B. SDG 3 – Good Health and Well-Being
C. SDG 5 – Gender Equality
D. SDG 9 – Industry Innovation and Infrastructure
9. Value-based healthcare differs from volume-based healthcare because it:
A. Rewards providers for the number of procedures
B. Focuses on patient outcomes and preventive measures
C. Eliminates preventive care to cut costs
D. Ignores patient satisfaction
10. Which ethical theory promotes actions that provide “the greatest good for the greatest number”?
A. Libertarianism
B. Communitarianism
C. Utilitarianism
D. Egalitarianism
