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WorksheetsPhilo Long Test
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 19mins
Which social contract theorist argued that the natural state of man is a 'state of war' and life is 'solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short'?
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Aristotle
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
For John Locke, the primary purpose of establishing an organized law and delegating power to a sovereign is to protect which inalienable rights of the individual?
Self-interest, pity, and independence.
Power, wealth, and status.
Life, liberty, and property.
Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
What is the key mechanism by which people establish a sovereign in Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract theory?
By prioritizing their two basic instincts of self-interest and pity.
By agreeing to organized law to protect their pre-existing rights to life, liberty, and property.
Through a covenant to transfer all their rights to an absolute sovereign.
Through a 'collective renunciation' of individual rights to form a general will.
Which form of society is characterized by its economy focusing on mass-produced products and urbanization, with factories and machines being dominant?
Virtual Society
Feudal Society
Agrarian Society
Industrial Society
According to Karl Marx's analysis of the mode of production, every class system always has which two types of classes?
The landowners and the agricultural laborers.
The independent and the dependent.
The dominant - ruling class and the subordinate - working class.
The nobility and the serfs.
What is the defining characteristic of a Virtual Society regarding its physical location and structure?
It is divided by the economic status of capitalists and factory owners.
Its economy is focused on land and honor.
Justice and moral systems are dictated by the landowners.
It is formed in the realm of the internet, dissolving spatial context and making authority difficult to establish.
According to Aristotle, what is the ultimate meaning and purpose of life?
To examine one’s life and attain wisdom of life.
To be one with the Truth.
To fulfill one’s arete (excellence/function) and reach Eudaimonia (happiness/flourishing).
To worship a Supreme Entity and follow its words.
Socrates summarized his core philosophical belief about the necessity of reflection with what famous statement?
“Man’s life is nothing but solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short”.
“The unexamined life is not worth living”.
“The body may die, but the soul shall live on”.
“Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion”.
Which Supernaturalist view defines the meaning of life as the goal to 'Be one with the Truth'?
Paganism
Hinduism
Buddhism
Christianity
What is the key difference between Plato's Notion of Death and Materialism?
Plato believed death is the cessation of bodily organs, while Materialism believed in the afterlife.
Plato believed the soul lives on after the body dies, while Materialism believes the deterioration of the body marks the end of man.
Plato believed death is the end of suffering, while Materialism believes death is a medium for eternal life.
Plato believed in the finality of death, while Materialism focused on the pursuit of wisdom.
Russell’s Notion of Death is characterized by what belief?
Death is the promised medium for traversing the eternal life in heaven.
Death is simply the permanent cessation of all bodily organs.
The soul continues to exist after the body dies.
He firmly believes in the finality of death and that there is no soul nor an afterlife.
What is the crucial role of the administrator of the Socratic Method when facilitating a discussion?
To guide the discussion to a known, established philosophical answer.
To attain wisdom of life by examining one’s life.
To ensure the discussion is focused only on the three aspects of happiness, justice, and love.
To provide no answer to any of the questions or answers of the other person except in the form of another question.
What is the philosophical inquiry method of Phenomenology based upon?
The pursuit of the Truth and enlightenment through spiritual practice (Supernaturalism).
The belief that the existence of objective reality is independent of consciousness.
The belief that actions are judged only by their consequences (Consequentialism).
The perception of human consciousness and the study of experiences.
In the context of freedom of choice, Consequentialism holds that the ultimate basis for judging the rightness or wrongness of an action is what?
The inherent goodness or badness of the act itself (Deontology).
The practical wisdom to pursue the good life (Prudence).
Whether the action aligns with a person’s inner moral principles (Moral Dilemma).
The consequences or results corresponding to the action.
What is the definition of Prudence according to Aristotle?
The act of applying the determined judgment (Command).
The capacity to do anything that one desires (Freedom).
The economical management of resources (Lexical definition).
The virtue that helps the soul form opinions and the practical wisdom to pursue the good life.
Which of Thomas Aquinas's acts of prudence involves inquiring the available options to reach a goal or end?
Temperance
Command
Counsel
Judgment
What is the key difference between Subjectivity and Objectivity in the conception of reality?
Subjectivity is one's personal thoughts and experiences inside the mind, while Objectivity is the world that exists regardless of individual perception.
Subjectivity is the shared reality of a community, while Objectivity is a person's individual thoughts.
Subjectivity is an agreement between people, while Objectivity is credibility in one's words.
Subjectivity is the ultimate goal of life, while Objectivity is the beginning of human existence.
What is Intersubjectivity as defined by Thomas Scheff?
The goal to be pursued in order to attain 'the good life' (Authenticity).
The process of accepting differences by putting oneself in others' shoes (Empathy).
The sharing of subjective states by two or more individuals.
The shared inquiry of two or more individuals (Authentic Dialogue).
According to Edmund Husserl, Intersubjective experience is fundamental to our understanding and construction of what three things?
Ourselves as objectively existing subjects, other subjects, and the objective world.
The dominant class, the subordinate class, and economic status.
Truth, enlightenment, and happiness.
Life, liberty, and property.
What is the relationship described as Ich-Du (I-Thou) by Martin Buber?
A relationship that gives importance to the mutual encounter of authentic beings.
A relationship where one being qualifies the other as an object.
A relationship where one breaks free from societal ways of thinking (Radical reexamination).
A relationship defined by shared values, beliefs, and norms (Culture).
According to Thomas Hobbes, what is man transformed into when he enters the created society and accepts the covenant?
A being who delegates power to rule for the sake of organized law.
An entity obligated to mind the good of others as well as the self.
A naturally free and independent being.
A peaceful and obedient entity with nothing but loyalty to the chosen Leviathan.
What is the shared understanding among all three Social Contract theories about the reason for forming a society?
To enable man to achieve Eudaimonia.
To transfer all individual rights to an absolute Leviathan.
To keep men from regressing to the state of nature, where there is a constant threat of chaos and disorder.
To dissolve spatial context and geographical barriers (Virtual Society).
What best describes the individuality of a person living in an Agrarian Society?
They have immeasurable freedom and can easily change identities (Virtual Society).
They are constantly on the brink of falling into the traps of chaos and disorder (State of Nature).
They are divided based on economic status as capitalists or laborers (Industrial Society).
They have limited chance to improve their lives or move between class types.
The concept of Authenticity requires an individual to break free from societal and cultural influences through what process?
Radical reexamination of what one has learned from society, culture, and habitual ways of thinking.
The pursuit of wisdom through the Socratic Method.
Economical management of resources and practical wisdom (Prudence).
A 'collective renunciation' of individual rights (Rousseau).
According to Martin Heidegger, what creates and defines human existence?
The protection of the inalienable rights to life, liberty, and property.
It is a 'relation of being' that is always being created by the actions we do and the roles we take.
The transfer of all individual rights to a Leviathan.
The perception of human consciousness and the study of experiences (Phenomenology).
