________ is a set of interdependent organizations that help make a product or service of a company available for use by consumers or business users.

Producers use marketing intermediaries because they ________.

Mary Kay Cosmetics and Amway sell their products through home and office sales parties, online websites, and social media. Both companies use a(n) ________ channel to distribute their offerings.

All the institutions in a channel are connected by several types of flows. When a retailer conveys to a wholesaler that a new line of hip-hop clothing is not selling, this is an example of ________.

In which of the following situations is a producer guaranteed full control over product sales?

Using ________, a company uses one or more levels of intermediaries to help bring its products to final buyers. Examples: most of the things you buy—everything from toothpaste to cameras to cars.

A(n) ________ is considered a marketing intermediary.

Which of the following is an example of a horizontal conflict in a distribution channel?

Vertical conflicts in distribution channels are conflicts that occur between ________.

A ________ consists of producers, wholesalers, and retailers acting as a unified system. The system can be dominated by any one of the interdependent members.

More than 80 percent of McDonald's restaurants worldwide are owned and operated by franchisees. This illustrates a(n) ________ marketing system.

In a(n) _______ marketing system, leadership over production and distribution is assumed through the size and power of one or a few dominant channel members.

Sonic Shack, an audio equipment retailer, signs an agreement with PineWire, a renowned electronics company, to sell PineWire products. The deal requires Sonic Shack to provide PineWire products with superior displays, shelf space, and promotion compared to competing products. Sonic agrees to these terms as PineWire products command a huge share in the market. Which of the following types of channel arrangements do PineWire and Sonic Shack most likely have?

A channel arrangement in which two or more companies at one level join together to follow a new marketing opportunity is referred to as a(n) ________.

Changes in technology and the explosive growth of direct and online marketing are having a profound impact on the nature and design of marketing channels. One major trend is toward ________ insofar as product or service producers cut out intermediaries and go directly to final buyers or when radically new types of channel intermediaries displace traditional ones.

Producers of convenience products and common raw materials typically seek ________ distribution—a strategy in which they stock their products in as many outlets as possible.

Brandy's, a national candy store chain, decides to open both a coffee house and ice cream shop within their stores. They enter into deals with The Beanery and Creamy Creations, agreeing not to enter into the same type of agreement with any other candy retailers. This is most likely an example of a(n) ________ marketing system.

For over 10 years, Erudite, a publishing and educational company, has been selling its books online through studysmart.com. Recently, Erudite stopped selling its books through studysmart.com and set up its own website to sell its books. This change in channel organization is called ________.

Which of the following is true of an intensive distribution strategy?

High-end luxury brands like Bentley for cars, Louis Vuitton for handbags, and Rolex for watches use ________ distribution, giving a limited number of dealers the sole right to sell products in a specified geographic territory.

Selective distribution is a strategy in which ________.

When a seller requires that only certain dealers carry its products, its strategy is known as ________.

Moving products and materials from suppliers to the factory is known as ________ logistics.

Outbound logistics refers to moving ________.

Which of the following is NOT a typical supply chain member?

When suppliers, distributors, and customers partner with each other to improve the performance of the entire system, they are participating in a ________.

Most producers today sell their goods to ________.

Distribution channel decisions often involve ________ with other firms, particularly those that involve contracts or relationships with channel partners.

From the economic system's point of view, the role of marketing intermediaries is to transform the assortment of products made by producers into the assortment of products wanted by ________.

Producers benefit from using intermediaries because they ________.

Intermediaries play an important role in matching ________.

Channel members add value by bridging the major gaps of ________ that separate goods and services from those who would use them.

Which of the following is NOT a key function that intermediaries play in completing transactions?

Which of the following is NOT a key function that intermediaries play in helping to fulfill a completed transaction?

All of the institutions in a channel are connected by various flows. These include physical flow, flow of ownership, payment flow, information flow, and ________ flow.

________ conflict, which occurs between different levels of the same channel, is more common than ________ conflict, which occurs among firms at the same level of the channel.

Which of the following are the three major types of vertical marketing systems?

The most common type of contractual agreement in business is the ________.

Leadership in which type of marketing system is assumed not through common ownership or contractual ties but through the size and power of one or a few dominant channel members?

When determining the number of channel members to use at each level, three strategies are available: intensive, exclusive, and ________ distribution.

Marketing logistics involves which of the following distribution flows?

To reduce inventory management costs, many companies use a system called just-in-time logistics, which involves carrying only small inventories of parts or merchandise, often only enough for a few days of operation. Which of the following is NOT a feature of just-in-time logistics?

Through the use of ________, or "smart tag" technology, a company is able to locate exactly where a product is within the supply chain.

Steve's Physco Skates sells its products to Wal-Mart, who then sells them to the consumer. This is an example of a(n) ________.

Joanie Calvert is experiencing a disagreement with intermediaries in the channel over who should do what and for what rewards. Joanie is experiencing ________.

When two Taco Bell restaurants have a disagreement over who should be able to sell in quantity at a discount to the local high school band, they are in a ________ conflict.

Chewing gum is stocked in many outlets in the same market or community; in fact, it is placed in as many outlets as possible. This is an example of ________ distribution.

Which product(s) will most likely be intensively distributed?

Which product will most likely be exclusively distributed?

Tiffany & Co jewelry can only be found in a limited number of intermediaries. This is an example of ________ distribution.

Max Samuelson is a high-end fashion designer who markets his clothing lines through a limited number of highly reputable retailers. Max uses ________.

________ refers to the activities involved in selling products or services directly to final consumers for their personal, nonbusiness use.

Which type of retailer typically carries deep product assortments of narrow product lines?

The American Tie Company, a necktie retailer, offers a deep assortment of men's neckties. The American Tie Company is best described as a(n) ________.

Specialty stores are characterized by ________.

Department stores are most likely characterized by ________.

Which type of retailer is much larger than a regular supermarket and offers a large assortment of routinely purchased food products, nonfood items, and services?

Retailers must decide on three major product variables: product assortment, services mix, and ________.

The Toby's chain of first-class department stores carries a wide range of product lines, including clothing, jewelry, kitchenware, and home furnishings. Toby's typically charges higher prices on an everyday basis and then holds frequent sales and price promotions to increase store traffic. Toby's most likely uses ________.

Charging higher prices on an everyday basis, coupled with frequent sales and other price promotions to increase store traffic, create a low-price image, or attract customers who will buy other goods at full prices is referred to as ________ pricing.

A ________ refers to a group of retail businesses built on a site that is planned, developed, owned, and managed as a unit.

When Toyota announces a product recall on its Camry model due to a faulty igniter, they are using ________ to coordinate with dealers and car owners.

Which of the following is an impact of the Great Recession on retailing trends?

Which type of store is much larger than regular supermarkets and offers a large assortment of routinely purchased food products, nonfood items, and services?

________ sell standard merchandise at lower prices by accepting lower margins and selling higher volume.

GameStop sells video games and systems, offering a narrow product line with a deep assortment within that line. GameStop is a ________.

7-Eleven, Stop-N-Go, and Circle K, small stores that traditionally have had a primary market of young, blue-collar men, are examples of ________.

A growing number of outlet malls now feature brands such as Coach, Polo Ralph Lauren, Dolce & Gabbana, and Giorgio Armani, causing ________ to protest to the manufacturers of these brands.

Which of the following types of retailers is most likely to practice everyday low pricing (EDLP)?

Channel members add value by bridging the major time, place, and possession gaps that separate goods and services from those who use them.

Disintermediation occurs when product or service producers cut out intermediaries and sell directly to final buyers.

Selective distribution is a strategy in which producers of convenience goods stock their products in as many outlets as possible.

Inbound logistics involves managing the flow of products from an intermediary to a customer.

Members of the marketing channel may help a company complete transactions by performing key functions such as promotion and negotiation.

When the NewWay Dry Cleaners and The Easy Laundromat in your hometown join forces to follow a new marketing opportunity, they are forming a horizontal marketing system.

A convenience store is owned and operated by a manufacturer and normally carries the manufacturer's surplus, discontinued, or irregular goods.

A franchise organization is a group of independent retailers who jointly establish a central buying organization and conduct joint promotion efforts.

Retailers are greening up their stores and operations, promoting more environmentally responsible products and working with channel partners to reduce their environmental impact.

Department stores carry narrow product lines with deep assortments within those lines.