density

growth

decline

increase

traits

identity

aggresion

city-state

country

province

megalopolis

Higher elevations often have warmer climates and less arable land, so fewer people live there (e.g., Andes Mountains).

Higher elevations less arable land so fewer people live there (e.g., Andes Mountains).

Higher elevations often have more people living there (e.g., Andes Mountains).

Higher elevations often have fewer people living there (e.g., Andes Mountains).

They increase household income

They decrease household income

support local businesses,

help families afford education and housing.

Urban areas have higher density, more services.

Rural areas have lower density and rely on manufacturing.

Rural areas have lower density and rely on agriculture.

Urban areas have higher density, more agriculture.

When deaths outnumber births, leading to fewer workers, aging populations, and labor increases.

When births outnumber deaths, leading to fewer workers, aging populations, and labor shortages.

When deaths outnumber births, leading to more workers, aging populations, and labor shortages.

When deaths outnumber births, leading to fewer workers, aging populations, and labor shortages.

Urban centers attract diverse populations, talent, and resources,

which creates very little creativity and no cultural exchange.

Rural centers attract diverse populations, talent, and resources,

which creates creativity and cultural exchange.