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Database Fundamentals Worksheet

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following best defines a database?

a)

A software used for word processing

b)

A structured collection of related data stored for easy access

c)

A program that creates spreadsheets

d)

A computer file that stores random numbers

e)

A backup copy of an operating system

2.

The main purpose of a database management system (DBMS) is to:

a)

Control access to the operating system

b)

Manage data efficiently and allow multiple users to access data safely

c)

Design hardware components

d)

Translate programming languages

e)

Handle internet browsing sessions

3.

In a database, a row is also known as a:

a)

Field

b)

Attribute

c)

Record

d)

Table

e)

File

4.

The columns in a database table represent:

a)

Records

b)

Entities

c)

Attributes

d)

Relationships

e)

Tuples

5.

What is the smallest unit of data in a database?

a)

Field

b)

Character

c)

Table

d)

Record

e)

Relation

6.

A database that stores data in tables with rows and columns follows which model?

a)

Network model

b)

Hierarchical model

c)

Object-oriented model

d)

Relational model

e)

File-based model

7.

Who introduced the relational database model?

a)

Charles Babbage

b)

Tim Berners-Lee

c)

Edgar F. Codd

d)

Bill Gates

e)

Dennis Ritchie

8.

What is an entity in a database?

a)

A column heading

b)

A real-world object about which data is stored

c)

A software application

d)

A data dictionary

e)

A type of relationship

9.

Which key uniquely identifies each record in a table?

a)

Foreign key

b)

Composite key

c)

Primary key

d)

Alternate key

e)

Candidate key

10.

The process of reducing data redundancy and improving data integrity is called:

a)

Normalization

b)

Encryption

c)

Replication

d)

Denormalization

e)

Optimization

11.

A relationship between two entities where each record in one table corresponds to many in another is called:

a)

One-to-one

b)

One-to-many

c)

Many-to-many

d)

Circular

e)

Hierarchical

12.

Which of the following is NOT a level in the three-level architecture of DBMS?

a)

Internal level

b)

External level

c)

Conceptual level

d)

Logical level

e)

Physical level

13.

The component responsible for data storage and retrieval is the:

a)

Query processor

b)

Data definition subsystem

c)

Data manipulation subsystem

d)

Data storage subsystem

e)

Application interface

14.

Which model represents data as a tree structure?

a)

Relational

b)

Hierarchical

c)

Object-oriented

d)

Network

e)

ER model

15.

The DBMS language used to define database structures is:

a)

DML

b)

DDL

c)

DCL

d)

TCL

e)

SQL*Plus

16.

In SQL, which statement is used to insert new data into a table?

a)

ADD

b)

UPDATE

c)

INSERT INTO

d)

CREATE TABLE

e)

MODIFY

17.

Which of the following describes a foreign key?

a)

A key that identifies each record uniquely

b)

A key from another table that establishes a link between two tables

c)

A duplicate field used for sorting

d)

A temporary key used in queries

e)

A key used only in backup copies

18.

The relationship between "students" and "courses" in which a student can enroll in many courses, and a course can have many students is:

a)

One-to-one

b)

One-to-many

c)

Many-to-many

d)

Recursive

e)

Derived

19.

What does SQL stand for?

a)

Sequential Query Language

b)

Standardized Query Logic

c)

Structured Query Language

d)

Simple Query Layout

e)

Stored Question List

20.

A data dictionary stores:

a)

Only user passwords

b)

The structure, format, and constraints of database data

c)

Raw data values

d)

Historical transactions

e)

Backup configurations

21.

Which command retrieves data from one or more tables?

a)

INSERT

b)

SELECT

c)

ALTER

d)

DROP

e)

COMMIT

22.

The UPDATE command is used to:

a)

Modify existing data

b)

Delete data

c)

Add new tables

d)

Retrieve data

e)

Define constraints

23.

In SQL, which clause is used to filter records based on a condition?

a)

SORT

b)

ORDER BY

c)

FILTER

d)

WHERE

e)

HAVING

24.

Which of the following ensures that no duplicate values exist in a column?

a)

FOREIGN KEY

b)

UNIQUE constraint

c)

DEFAULT constraint

d)

CHECK constraint

e)

NULL constraint

25.

Which SQL clause groups rows that have the same values in specified columns?

a)

SORT BY

b)

ORDER BY

c)

GROUP BY

d)

HAVING

e)

UNION

26.

What does the COMMIT command do?

a)

Saves changes permanently in the database

b)

Cancels current transaction

c)

Deletes a record permanently

d)

Temporarily stores data

e)

Locks the table

27.

Which of the following statements removes a table from a database?

a)

ERASE TABLE

b)

REMOVE TABLE

c)

DROP TABLE

d)

DELETE TABLE

e)

CLEAR TABLE

28.

What type of integrity ensures that foreign keys match primary keys in related tables?

a)

Domain integrity

b)

Referential integrity

c)

Entity integrity

d)

User integrity

e)

Attribute integrity

29.

Which normalization form removes repeating groups?

a)

1NF

b)

2NF

c)

3NF

d)

BCNF

e)

4NF

30.

The database language that handles data retrieval and manipulation is:

a)

DDL

b)

DCL

c)

DML

d)

TCL

e)

HTML

31.

What is the first step in designing a database?

a)

Create tables

b)

Identify entities and their relationships

c)

Normalize data

d)

Write SQL code

e)

Define constraints

32.

In an ER diagram, rectangles represent:

a)

Attributes

b)

Entities

c)

Relationships

d)

Keys

e)

Values

33.

A weak entity is one that:

a)

Has no attributes

b)

Depends on another entity for its identification

c)

Has no relationships

d)

Can exist independently

e)

Contains redundant data

34.

In an ER diagram, an oval represents a/an:

a)

Entity

b)

Attribute

c)

Relationship

d)

Key

e)

Table

35.

A composite key is:

a)

A key formed by combining multiple fields

b)

A key copied from another table

c)

A randomly generated identifier

d)

A default system key

e)

A foreign key

36.

When a table violates normalization rules by storing multiple values in one field, it causes:

a)

Data loss

b)

Update anomaly

c)

Redundancy

d)

Inconsistency

e)

All of the above

37.

The process of designing a database without redundancy and with logical grouping of data is called:

a)

Denormalization

b)

Normalization

c)

Classification

d)

Data mining

e)

Replication

38.

Which DBMS feature controls who can access or modify data?

a)

Backup system

b)

Security and authorization

c)

Query optimizer

d)

Data abstraction

e)

View generator

39.

The process of making a copy of database data for safety is called:

a)

Replication

b)

Backup

c)

Logging

d)

Encryption

e)

Normalization

40.

Which SQL command revokes privileges from a user?

a)

DENY

b)

DELETE

c)

REMOVE

d)

REVOKE

e)

ALTER

41.

Which of the following ensures data privacy during transmission?

a)

Backup

b)

Data dictionary

c)

Encryption

d)

Compression

e)

Replication

42.

A transaction in a DBMS refers to:

a)

A unit of work performed in the database

b)

A database backup

c)

A data dictionary entry

d)

A system restore operation

e)

A deleted record

43.

Which property ensures that either all parts of a transaction are completed or none at all?

a)

Durability

b)

Isolation

c)

Consistency

d)

Atomicity

e)

Integrity

44.

The property that ensures multiple transactions can occur without interfering is:

a)

Consistency

b)

Atomicity

c)

Isolation

d)

Durability

e)

Redundancy

45.

A deadlock occurs when:

a)

Two transactions wait indefinitely for each other to release resources

b)

The database crashes due to overload

c)

The data is corrupted

d)

The query optimizer fails

e)

The network disconnects

46.

Which SQL command permanently deletes all records but not the table itself?

a)

DELETE

b)

DROP

c)

ERASE

d)

CLEAR

e)

REMOVE

47.

A distributed database is one that:

a)

Stores data in multiple locations but acts as a single database

b)

Is accessible only by one user

c)

Is stored in a spreadsheet

d)

Operates without a DBMS

e)

Has no replication

48.

Cloud databases are advantageous mainly because they:

a)

Require no internet

b)

Allow scalability and remote access

c)

Operate offline

d)

Eliminate data security

e)

Use manual storage

49.

Big data databases like NoSQL differ from relational databases because they:

a)

Store unstructured data and scale horizontally

b)

Do not support large data

c)

Use fixed schemas

d)

Are only for numeric data

e)

Require local servers only

50.

An example of a NoSQL database is:

a)

Oracle

b)

MySQL

c)

MongoDB

d)

Access

e)

DB2

51.

Which of the following is an open-source RDBMS?

a)

Microsoft Access

b)

Oracle

c)

MySQL

d)

IBM DB2

e)

SAP HANA

52.

The component of a DBMS that translates user queries into instructions is called:

a)

Query processor

b)

Data dictionary

c)

Transaction manager

d)

Storage manager

e)

Backup module

53.

In database security, authentication refers to:

a)

Restricting physical access

b)

Verifying the identity of a user

c)

Encrypting stored data

d)

Checking for data duplication

e)

Logging user activity

54.

Which of the following is NOT a function of a DBMS?

a)

Data manipulation

b)

Data security

c)

Report generation

d)

Hardware assembly

e)

Backup and recovery

55.

The overall goal of a database system is to:

a)

Make data storage more expensive

b)

Provide organized, accurate, and accessible data for decision-making

c)

Replace operating systems

d)

Eliminate user roles

e)

Increase redundancy

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