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WorksheetsPS101 Exam 3 Review
Total questions: 35
Worksheet time: 35mins
Memory researchers define forgetting as the:
Inability to retrieve information from long-term memory
Inability to to retain information in working memory long enough to make use of it
Sudden loss of information after trauma to the head
Process by which information is lost in transit from short- to long-term memory
After witnessing a minor car accident, several bystanders report to the police what happened. The next day, one of them recalls seeing broken glass on the ground, even though there wasn't any, because it seems like something that would be present at the scene. This susceptibility to adding false but fitting details is consistent with:
the priming effect
the interference effect
the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
the misinformation effect
Jordan repeats a phone number in his head while walking across the room to get his phone. After 15 seconds, he dials the phone number correctly. This task relies primarily on:
long-term memory
implicit memory
working memory
semantic memory
Which of the following situations describes the phenomenon of retroactive interference:
Samantha cannot recall what day of the week it is
Ben remembers his old phone number but cannot learn his new one
Maya learned a new locker combination, which makes it hard to recall her previous one
Tessa suddenly can't recall a word that's "on the tip of her tongue"
Neuro-imaging studies suggest that trying to remember activates ___(brain region 1)___, and recovery of information activates ___(brain region 2)___.
the left frontal lobe; the hippocampus
the hippocampus; the amygdala
the occipital lobe; the parietal lobe
the basal ganglia; the cerebellum
Maya used to think that all insects could fly. She then learned all about different types of wingless insects, which likely would result in which of the following memory processes:
assimilation
accommodation
confirmation bias
schema maintenance
A group of students in PS101 study together for Exam 3. Sometimes, they find that they forget information which they'd more easily recall if they were studying alone. But, they also correct each other's mistakes along the way. This is an example of:
social loafing
transience
collaborative memory
encoding specificity
Jerome is given pictures of five objects to remember: a truck, a skyscraper, a cake, a lizard, and a pond. Which scenario best describes priming?
He remembers only the first three words: truck, skyscraper, and cake
He remembers only the last three words: cake, lizard, and pond
He remembers the sequence by imagining a truck with a cake in the seat driven by a lizard out of a pond and up a skyscraper
He is asked to bring a dessert to a potluck and quickly decides that he'll bring a chocolate cake
At a police lineup, a witness points to who they believe is the suspect. It turns out that the individual they pointed to was really just someone they'd seen earlier that day at a coffee shop. This is an example of what:
retroactive interference
encoding failure
memory blocking
memory misattribution
The main difference between recall and recognition is:
recall is for sensory memory, while recognition is for procedural memory
recall is for long-term memory, whereas recognition is for short-term memory
recall is for re-identification of previously learned material, while recognition is reproducing information
Recall is for reproducing information, whereas recognition is for re-identification of previously learned material
While in a meeting, Lisa feels criticized by her boss. Before she responds emotionally, she takes a deep breath to try to calm herself down. Which part of the brain is likely helping Lisa to manage her emotional response?
the amygdala
the hippocampus
the thalamus
the prefrontal cortex
Sam sees a dark shape in the bushes at night and jumps out of fear, but then gets a better look and realizes it's a trash bag. His rapid fear response happened because:
the fast pathway sends information directly from the thalamus to the amygdala before the cortex fully evaluates it
the cerebellum interprets visual threats more quickly than the amygdala
the hippocampus suppresses the cortex during fear responses
the cerebellum activates fear responses automatically
In a research study, 50% of the participants are tasked with holding a pencil between their teeth. The other half of participants are tasked with holding a pencil between their lips. Participants in the first group reported feelings of happiness later that day, likely because of:
the universality hypothesis of human emotion
the opponent-process theory of emotion
the facial feedback hypothesis
the two-factor theory, which emphasizes interpretation of arousal
People are generally better at recognizing facial expressions of members of their own cultures because:
we rely on verbal cues, rather than facial ones, for members of cultures different than our own
cultures use different display rules that shape emotion expression
emotional expression is universal across cultures, so exposure doesn't matter in the first place
individuals typically suppress recognition of expressions which feel unfamiliar to them
Imagine that you've been tasked with teaching a group of children about emotions. One child tells you that they don't know what they're feeling, and they struggle to explain their emotions. Which concept best describes what they might be experiencing:
emotional regulation
misattribution of arousal
alexithymia
impatience
Many adults old enough to remember the 9/11 terrorist attacks recall exactly where they were and what they were doing at the time of the event. This is referred to as:
episodic interference
context-dependent learning
flashbulb memory
source misattribution
Which of the following responses is a sign of autonomic arousal during an emotional experience?
logical thinking
memory recall
sweaty palms
enhanced speech
Which of the following is NOT an example of an intrinsically motivated activity:
eating a pie because you like pie
playing with a toy for the fun of it
studying for an exam to get a good grade
reading a book because you enjoy the plot
At the top of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is which of the following:
belongingness and love needs
safety and security needs
esteem needs
need for self-actualization
After getting into an argument with a friend, Camille feels their face flush and heart start to race. According to the two-pathway theory, which part of Camille's brain is immediately triggering this emotional response?
the amygdala
the hippocampus
prefrontal cortex
mesolimbic dopamine pathway
Jamie sees a classmate arrive late to lecture, and assumes she is irresponsible and disorganized. They don't consider that the classmate's bus broke down on the way in. This situation best exemplifies:
self-serving bias
the actor-observer effect
fundamental attribution bias
reference group bias
Which of the following leads people to be loss-averse?
overestimation of the satisfaction people get from rewards
avoidance motivation being generally more powerful than approach motivation
ignorance of potential long-term negative outcomes
consistent discounting of short-term consequences
Botox injections that temporarily paralyze facial muscles might result in which of the following?
improved accuracy in detecting micro-expressions
difficulty in identifying others' emotional reactions
increased emotional intensity when viewing others' reactions
faster recognition of negative facial cues
During a budget meeting, the entire school committee spends most of the discussion talking about the rising cost of cafeteria supplies, because everyone already knows about it. Only two members know about a successful funding model used by another district, but it doesn't come up. This situation illustrates:
deindividuation
groupthink
group polarization
the common knowledge effect
Many humans eat not only when they are hungry, but also when they are sad or anxious, when eating is convenient, or when others are eating. This is an example of which of the following:
homeostasis
evolutionary mismatch
basal metabolic regulation
body mass index
During group work, Lily notices her teammate getting frustrated and calmly suggests that they take a short break. Lily also takes a moment to herself. Lily's behavior demonstrates:
display rules
emotional intelligence
self-serving bias
groupthink
Riley is presenting during PS101 section. She sees one audience member with a seemingly annoyed expression on their face. Riley leaves the presentation having concluded that it must have gone poorly, likely because of which phenomenon:
we're automatically drawn to the more extreme emotional expressions in a crowd
audience members tend to mirror the presenter's emotions through facial feedback
people overestimate how much other are paying attention to them
the mere-exposure phenomenon where unfamiliar faces appear more negative
When practicing his guitar at home, Leo plays well enough. But during a get together where his friends are watching, he suddenly plays even better and nails a difficult song. This improvement is consistent with:
group think
conformity
social facilitation
avoidance motivation
In social psychology, the prisoner's dilemma game is an example of:
a conformity task that pressures people to match group judgments
a perceptual illusion demonstrating inattention blindness
a memory test assessing recognition under stress
a task illustrating the risk of cooperation
When a woman collapses on a busy sidewalk, dozens of people notice but assume someone else will call for help, so no one steps forward. This situation illustrates:
group polarization
the bystander effect
the eyewitness effect
inattentional bias
Kevin holds a belief that people identifying with a religion other than his own are not as qualified for a job than members of his own religion. When he becomes a manager at the company he works for, he refuses to hire applicants from other religious faiths because of this belief. In this scenario, his belief reflects _____, and his refusal to hire reflects ______.
discrimination, prejudice
prejudice, discrimination
stereotyping, conformity
conformity, stereotyping
In a 1995 study by Steele & Aronson, black and white students took a test, and half the students one each group were asked to list their race at the top of the exam. When students were NOT asked to list their race, they performed at their academic level. When students DID report their races, black students performed below their academic level. The results of this study demonstrate the impact of:
perceptual confirmation
researcher discrimination
stereotype threat
spotlight effect
Some restaurant servers bring customers the bill along with a free piece of candy. Research has identified that customers who receive this candy leave a little bit larger of a tip as a result. This is demonstrating:
social manners
social exchange theory
foot-in-the-door technique
norm of reciprocity
When hotels place signage in guests' bathrooms such as "70% of our guests use their towels more than once," they are capitalizing on what:
perceptual influence
normative influence
peripheral route persuasion
normative obedience
Maura identifies strongly with the value of being honest. When her friends Maura for her opinion on her new haircut, Maura tells a white lie to avoid hurting her friend's feelings. She feels uneasy afterwards, telling herself "everyone lies sometimes" to help make her feel better. The situation illustrates:
interpersonal guilt
values-based action
self-perception theory
cognitive dissonance
