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WorksheetsChapter 1 – Operating Systems Worksheet
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 33mins
What is an operating system?
A collection of hardware devices that make up a computer system
Software that manages both computer hardware and software resources
A programming language used for writing code and developing applications
An internet browser that allows users to access online websites and services
Which of the following is not a function of an operating system?
Memory management
Process management
Hardware manufacturing
File management
Which of these operating systems is designed mainly for smartphones?
Windows
Linux
Android
UNIX
The part of an operating system that directly interacts with the hardware is called:
User interface
Kernel
Compiler
File system
What is the main purpose of an operating system?
To provide an environment that allows users to execute and manage programs
To design and develop computer hardware components used in the system
To connect computers and manage communication over the internet network
To compile source code and translate it into executable programming languages
Which of the following is an example of a multi-user operating system?
MS-DOS
Windows 95
UNIX
Android
Which operating system is open-source and widely used for servers?
macOS
Windows
Linux
iOS
What does “booting” refer to in an operating system?
Shutting down the computer
Starting up the computer & loading the OS
Installing software
Formatting the hard drive
The user interface that uses icons and windows is called _________.
Command-Line Interface (CLI)
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Batch Interface
Text Interface
Which of the following is not a type of operating system?
Real-time OS
Batch OS
Time-sharing OS
Compiler OS
Which of the following best describes a thread?
A complete and independent program executed by the system
The smallest unit of CPU scheduling within a process
A regular file stored and managed in the operating system
A hardware interrupt signal generated by computer devices
What are system resources in an operating system?
Only memory and CPU used by the system
Hardware and software components managed by the OS
Network devices and related connections controlled by the OS
Application programs that interact with system resources
Which of the following is not considered a system resource?
CPU time
Memory
Files
Web browser
The process control block (PCB) contains which of the following types of information?
The file directory structure and paths used by the operating system
A process’s current state, program counter, CPU registers, and related details
The list of device drivers installed and managed by the operating system
The network configuration and communication parameters of the computer
What is a system call?
A request made by a process to the operating system for a service
A direct hardware interrupt
A programming language function
A communication between two processes
Which of the following best describes the relationship between a process and its threads?
Threads share the same memory and system resources of a single process
Each thread operates independently inside its own process environment
Threads are unable to share any data or memory between executions
A process may contain only one thread that performs all operations
What happens during a context switch?
The CPU begins executing a different instruction from the same program
The OS saves the current state of one process and loads another process to run
The computer system performs a restart operation to refresh all running tasks
A user logs out of the current session and ends all active programs
Which part of the operating system executes privileged instructions?
User mode
Kernel mode
Application mode
I/O mode
How does a process usually request access to a hardware device in an operating system?
Direct access to the hardware without any mediation
A system call that is handled and managed by the kernel
A user-level function executed within the application program
The file manager that organizes files and device resources
Which type of operating system executes a batch of jobs without user interaction?
Real-time OS
Batch OS
Time-sharing OS
Distributed OS
In which type of operating system do multiple users share system resources simultaneously?
Single-user OS
Time-sharing OS
Batch OS
Real-time OS
Which operating system type is used when tasks must be completed within strict time limits?
Real-time OS
Distributed OS
Batch OS
Network OS
A distributed operating system is mainly designed to:
Manage one single computer system
Connect & manage multiple computers as one system
Run only on mobile devices
Execute one job at a time
Which of the following is an example of a network operating system?
Windows Server
Android
macOS
MS-DOS
Which of the following is a primary function of an operating system?
Compiling source code
Managing hardware & software resources
Designing hardware circuits
Creating computer networks
Which operating system function keeps track of where programs and data are stored in memory?
File management
Memory management
Process scheduling
Device management
The operating system function responsible for controlling input and output devices is called:
Device management
File management
Network management
Process management
Which OS function is responsible for allocating the CPU to various processes?
Memory management
Process scheduling
Security management
File management
What is the main goal of file management in an operating system?
To manage file creation, deletion, & access
To install applications
To monitor CPU temperature
To control peripheral devices
Which scheduling algorithm gives the CPU to the process that arrives first?
Shortest Job Next (SJN)
First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
Round Robin (RR)
Priority Scheduling
Which scheduling algorithm assigns a fixed time unit per process in a cyclic order?
FCFS
SJF
Round Robin (RR)
Priority Scheduling
In Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling, which process is selected next?
The one with the highest priority
The one with the shortest CPU burst time
The one that arrived first
The one with the longest waiting time
In Priority Scheduling, if two processes have the same priority, how is the tie usually broken?
Randomly
Based on process ID
By arrival time (FCFS)
By memory usage
Which of the following scheduling algorithms can cause starvation if not properly managed?
FCFS (system term)
Round Robin
Priority Scheduling
Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF)
What is a process in an operating system?
A program that is being executed
A system file in storage
A hardware component
A type of system call
Which of the following is not a valid process state?
New
Running
Waiting
Compiling
The structure that stores all information about a process is called:
Process Control Block (PCB)
Process Table
Stack Pointer
Ready Queue
During a context switch, what action is performed by the operating system?
It compiles user programs into machine-level instructions for execution
It saves the current state of one process and loads another process to run
It removes inactive or old processes completely from the system memory
It allocates additional disk space required for process storage operations
In a multiprogramming system, processes waiting to use the CPU are kept in:
Job queue
Ready queue
Device queue
File queue
Which of the following is true about process scheduling?
It determines which process will use the CPU next
It is handled by the compiler
It only occurs in single-user systems
It is unrelated to CPU time management
The process state changes from Running to Waiting when:
The process completes execution
The process requests an I/O operation
A higher-priority process arrives
The CPU fails (system term)
Which of the following is not a type of process scheduler?
Long-term scheduler
Medium-term scheduler
Short-term scheduler
Hardware scheduler
When a child process is created using a system call such as fork(), what happens?
It shares the same memory and address space with its parent process entirely
It is almost identical to the parent process except for having a unique PID value
It terminates or destroys the parent process immediately after its creation
It runs only in kernel mode and performs no user-level operations
What is the purpose of process synchronization?
To manage the speed of the CPU
To ensure orderly execution when processes share resources
To increase process priority (system term)
To convert processes into threads
In the Shortest Remaining Time First (SRTF) scheduling algorithm, what happens if a new process arrives with a shorter burst time than the one currently running?
The CPU continues executing the currently running process until it finishes completely
The CPU suspends the current process and switches to execute the new shorter process
The CPU executes both processes simultaneously using shared time and resources
The CPU ignores the new process until the current process has completed execution
Using Priority (non-preemptive) algorithm, find the order of execution for the following processes with the given data in the order Process : Burst Time : Priority (0 is the highest priority) respectively A : 4 : 4; B : 1 : 1; C : 6 : 3; D : 4 : 6.
A, B, C, D, A
B, C, A, D
B, C, A, C, D
B, D, A, C
Using RR (Round-Robin) algorithm with time quantum: 3, find the average waiting time for the following processes with the given data in the order Process : Arrival Time : Burst Time respectively A : 8 : 3; B : 0 : 5; C : 2 : 4.
2.333
1.333
5.333
4.333
Using SJF (non-preemptive) algorithm, find the order of execution for the following processes with the given data in the order Process : Arrival Time : Burst Time respectively A : 6 : 3; B : 7 : 2; C : 0 : 4; D : 2 : 7.
C, D, B, A
C, D, A, B
C, C, D, B, A
C, A, B, D
Using FCFS (First Come First Served) algorithm, find the order of execution for the following processes with the given data in the order Process : Arrival Time : Burst Time respectively A : 6 : 3; B : 7 : 2; C : 0 : 4; D : 2 : 7.
C, B, A, D
C, A, D, B
C, C, D, B, A
C, D, A, B
What is the main purpose of memory management in an operating system?
To organize CPU scheduling
To allocate and deallocate memory space efficiently
To manage input/output devices
To protect data from viruses
Which type of memory is directly accessible by the CPU?
Secondary memory
Cache memory
Virtual memory
Optical storage
The technique of keeping only part of a program in memory is called ___________.
Swapping
Paging
Segmentation
Virtual memory
In paging, the memory is divided into fixed-size blocks called _______________.
Frames
Segments
Pages
Both A and C
In a segmentation memory management system, how is memory divided?
Into equal-sized memory blocks used for process allocation
Into logical divisions such as functions, stacks, or data structures
Into fixed-size pages defined by the hardware memory unit
Into cache lines that temporarily store frequently used instructions
What is the process of moving a program temporarily from main memory to secondary storage called?
Spooling of input and output operations
Swapping between main memory and secondary storage devices
Paging operations that divide memory into frames and pages
Segmentation of logical memory into distinct sections
What does the term internal fragmentation refer to in memory management?
Wasted space inside allocated memory blocks that remains unused
Unused free memory located between allocated memory regions
A shortage of available memory for new process allocation
Overlapping memory segments that cause data corruption
Which of the following algorithms can be used for page replacement in operating systems?
First-In, First-Out (FIFO) algorithm used for page management
Least Recently Used (LRU) algorithm that tracks page references
Optimal algorithm that replaces the page not needed for the longest time
All of the above algorithms are used for page replacement
What is the main purpose of the page table in a memory management system?
To store process identifiers for CPU scheduling operations
To map logical addresses generated by a program to physical addresses in memory
To maintain CPU scheduling and process prioritization data
To control input and output operations of storage devices
Which type of memory management allows a process to use more memory than the amount of physical RAM available?
Paging that divides memory into small fixed-size frames
Virtual memory that extends physical memory through disk space usage
Contiguous allocation that uses adjacent memory blocks for processes
Segmentation that divides memory based on logical program structure
What is the main purpose of swapping in memory management systems?
To permanently remove inactive processes from main memory space
To temporarily move processes between main memory and secondary storage
To increase CPU processing speed by reordering instructions
To allocate cache memory dynamically during program execution
In segmentation, what does each segment in memory represent?
A fixed-size block of physical memory used for allocation
A logical unit such as code, stack, or data used by a program
A single machine instruction executed by the CPU
A page frame used in paging memory systems
Which of the following statements about static partitioning in memory management is correct?
Memory is divided into equal-sized partitions dynamically at runtime
Partitions are created when the system starts and remain fixed in size
Partition sizes change automatically depending on process requirements
Static partitioning completely eliminates memory fragmentation issues
What is the main drawback of dynamic partitioning in memory allocation?
It results in internal fragmentation within allocated partitions
It leads to external fragmentation between allocated partitions
It lacks flexibility for different process size requirements
It reduces CPU performance due to complex memory management
In a segmented memory system, what does the logical address consist of?
A page number and an offset that determine the physical address
A segment number and an offset within that specific memory segment
A frame number and an offset calculated by the page table
A block number and a displacement within the storage device
A memory has partitions with sizes (in KB): 16, 53, 22, 37, 62, 44. If a process of size 32 KB requests memory, which partition size (in KB) will be chosen if using the First Fit method?
53
62
37
44
