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SS EOQ 1 Review

Total questions: 53

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A lake is: Choose the best definition.

a)

always contains fresh water

b)

a body of water surrounded by land

c)

stays the same size forever

d)

is the same depth as the rivers that run into it

2.

How are lakes important to people all over the world?

a)

They provide water for crops

b)

They provide transportation routes

c)

They provide sources for food

d)

All of the above

3.

What is the correct definition for the term "natural resource"?

a)

something from nature that is useful to humans

b)

a part of an ocean extending into land

c)

a path for traveling from one place to another

d)

to change the path of a river

4.

Where was the Maya civilization located?

a)

in present-day Argentina

b)

in present-day Mexico on the Yucatán Peninsula

c)

in present-day Brazil

d)

in and around the Andes Mountains

5.

Which were the tallest and most important buildings in Maya cities?

a)

pyramids or temples

b)

storehouses for food

c)

observatories to study the stars

d)

ball courts

6.

The Maya had advanced scientific knowledge. What did they create?

a)

a system of clocks

b)

Calendars

c)

telescopes

d)

a system of numbers

7.

Where did the Aztec build the capital of their civilization?

a)

in Cuzco in present-day Peru

b)

in Tenochtitlán in present-day Mexico

c)

on an island in the Caribbean

d)

in the rainforests of the Yucatán Peninsula

8.

Which word best describes the Aztec before they built their empire?

a)

sailors

b)

wanderers

c)

farmers

d)

scientists

9.

Using what you know about lakes and natural resources, which choice best explains why early civilizations often settled near lakes?

a)

Lakes never change size, so they make perfect borders

b)

Lakes offer fresh water, food sources, and transportation routes

c)

Lakes are always salt water, which keeps crops pest-free

d)

Lakes are deeper than rivers, so they cannot be crossed

10.

Based on Maya achievements, which decision would most help a Maya ruler plan planting seasons?

a)

Use the calendars developed by Maya scientists

b)

Measure time with a system of clocks

c)

Follow the path of rivers to decide where to farm

d)

Ask ball court judges to set the harvest dates

11.

Strategic thinking: The Aztec chose Tenochtitlán as their capital. Which factor would make this location strong for defense and trade?

a)

It was in the Andes Mountains, far from other people

b)

It was in present-day Brazil with many ocean harbors

c)

It was in present-day Mexico, where lakes and causeways allowed movement and protection

d)

It was on a Caribbean island with no fresh water

12.

Aztec warriors were best known for what characteristic?

a)

being kind

b)

being talented musicians

c)

being strong and mighty

d)

being great road builders

13.

Place the Aztec social groups in order from highest to lowest rank: Emperor, Priest, Noble, Warriors, Merchants and artisans, Farmers and workers. Write just the ordered list separated by commas.

(a)  

14.

What was unusual about the Aztec capital Tenochtitlán?

a)

It was surrounded by dense rainforest

b)

It had a network of expertly built stone roads

c)

It was built on an island

d)

It was built high in the mountains

15.

Which region did the Inca rule?

a)

central Mesoamerica

b)

east coast of Central America

c)

Gulf coast of South America

d)

Pacific coast of South America

16.

Which mountain range runs through the middle of the Inca Empire?

a)

Atlas

b)

Rockies

c)

Andes

d)

Himalayas

17.

Who was the Sapa Inca?

a)

sole ruler of the Inca Empire

b)

Inca god of the sun

c)

Inca high priest in charge of sacrifices

d)

wife of the Inca emperor

18.

The official known as the "He-Who-Sees-Everything" served what role?

a)

The main Inca god

b)

an Inca tax collector and matchmaker

c)

the Sapa Inca

d)

a priest who lived on top of Machu Picchu

19.

How were the Inca able to farm on mountainsides?

a)

They used alpacas to plow for them

b)

They cut terraces into the land

c)

They planted crops with long roots

d)

They built the Royal Road

20.

For what purpose did the Inca use quipu?

a)

to cross a river

b)

to cure an illness

c)

to kill an enemy

d)

to record information

21.

Which statement best explains why Tenochtitlán’s location helped the Aztecs defend their capital?

a)

An island setting made it harder for enemies to attack across water

b)

Dense rainforest hid the city from invaders

c)

High mountain peaks blocked all roads to the city

d)

Desert sands kept horses from reaching the city

22.

Explain how terrace farming solved a problem faced by the Inca. Provide one reason using evidence from the content.

4 lines
23.

Which leader would have the highest authority in the Aztec social structure described?

a)

Warriors

b)

Merchants and artisans

c)

Priest

d)

Emperor

24.

Write whether the Andes Mountains helped or hindered the Inca Empire. State what you think one helpful or challenging effect it had.

4 lines
25.

Which feature is most closely associated with the skill of Inca stonework?

a)

Huge blocks fitted together without mortar

b)

Wooden walls joined with pegs

c)

Clay bricks baked in ovens

d)

Marble columns carved in one piece

26.

What evidence shows the Sapa Inca held ultimate power in the empire?

4 lines
27.

Which job would most likely belong to the "He-Who-Sees-Everything" based on his title?

a)

organizing music festivals

b)

collecting taxes and arranging marriages

c)

leading armies in battle

d)

carving stones for temples

28.

Select the statement that best compares Aztec warriors to Inca farmers based on the content.

a)

Aztec warriors were known for fierce fighting, while Inca farmers adapted to mountains by building terraces

b)

Aztec warriors built island cities, while Inca farmers lived on the coast

c)

Aztec warriors used quipu, while Inca farmers worshipped the Andes

d)

Aztec warriors were tax collectors, while Inca farmers were matchmakers

29.

What did Moctezuma and Atahualpa have in common?

a)

They were Spanish conquerors.

b)

They were emperors taken hostage by the Spanish invaders.

c)

They were cities destroyed by the Spanish.

d)

They were languages spoken by the Inca and Aztec.

30.

Match each word to its correct definition: empire; engineer; nomadic; temple.

a)

empire → a group of countries or territories under the control of one ruler; engineer → someone who uses science and math to design useful objects or buildings; nomadic → moving around often in search of food; temple → a building with religious use or meaning

b)

empire → moving around often in search of food; engineer → a building with religious use or meaning; nomadic → a group of territories under one ruler; temple → someone who designs buildings with math and science

c)

empire → someone who uses science and math; engineer → a city that is an independent state; nomadic → a special journey with a goal; temple → a picture or symbol representing a sound

31.

Match the words to the correct definition: hieroglyph; sacrifice; city-state; expedition.

a)

hieroglyph → a picture or symbol representing an idea, object, syllable, or sound; sacrifice → to give or to kill something for a religious purpose; city-state → a city that is an independent political state with its own ruling government; expedition → a special journey taken by a group that has a clear purpose or goal

b)

hieroglyph → a city with its own ruling government; sacrifice → a special journey for a goal; city-state → a symbol representing a sound; expedition → to give or kill something for religion

c)

hieroglyph → moving around often; sacrifice → designing useful buildings; city-state → territories under one ruler; expedition → a building with religious use

32.

Who was the Aztec ruler in 1519?

a)

Hernán Cortés

b)

Moctezuma II

c)

Atahualpa

d)

Francisco Pizarro

33.

Name one animal that was culturally important to the Inca and explain its use or meaning.

4 lines
34.

Explain one strategy the Spanish used in the conquest of the Aztecs and its impact on the empire.

4 lines
35.

Which Spanish leader led the invasion of the Aztec Empire?

a)

Francisco Pizarro

b)

Christopher Columbus

c)

Hernán Cortés

d)

Huayna Capac

36.

Which vocabulary term best describes a city that rules itself like an independent country?

a)

empire

b)

city-state

c)

temple

d)

expedition

37.

Choose the correct definition of empire.

a)

a building with religious use or meaning

b)

moving around often in search of food

c)

a group of countries or territories under the control of one ruler

d)

a special journey taken by a group with a clear purpose

38.

Which word names someone who uses science and math to design useful objects or buildings?

a)

engineer

b)

nomadic

c)

sacrifice

d)

temple

39.

Complete the sentence with the exact term: In 1519, the Spanish encountered the Aztec ruler named (a)   .

40.

Why did taking Atahualpa hostage matter during the Spanish conquest of the Inca? Provide a reason based on leadership and control.

4 lines
41.

What was the main purpose of the Inca terraces?

a)

To create flat land for farming on mountains

b)

To build houses for the Sapa Inca

c)

To hold religious ceremonies

d)

To store water for the city

42.

Which civilization is known for developing a writing system using hieroglyphs?

a)

Maya

b)

Aztec

c)

Olmec

d)

Inca

43.

What role did lakes play in the development of ancient civilizations?

a)

They were avoided due to dangerous animals

b)

They prevented trade between cities

c)

They were used only for religious rituals

d)

They provided fresh water and supported agriculture

44.
Why did the Mayans abandon their city-states?
a)
To avoid the Spanish
b)
Overly populated
c)
Disease & warfare
d)
No one really knows
45.

What was the main crop for the Maya people?

a)

Beans

b)

Squash

c)

Corn

d)

Chili peppers

46.

The Mayans had many different areas with different rulers called

a)

countries

b)

empires

c)

squads

d)

city-states

47.

The ______ were located in Guatemala, Belize, and the Yucatan Peninsula. They believed in human sacrifice as part of their religion.

a)

Aztecs

b)

Olmec

c)

Incas

d)

Mayas

48.

What was a key feature of Mayan architecture?

a)

Skyscrapers

b)

Domes

c)

Step pyramids

d)

Suspension bridges

49.

What might happen to you if you lost a game of Pok-ta-pok?

a)

They would give you gold.

b)

They would give you jewelry.

c)

They might use you as a sacrifice to the gods.

50.

True or False: The Maya people had no way of writing or doing math.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

What was the most common job of the Maya people?

a)

hunting

b)

fishing

c)

farming

52.

What structures would an archaeologist most likely find among the ruins of a Maya city?

a)

suspension bridges

b)

canals

c)

Pok-ta-pok ball courts

53.

What was the Mayan calendar based on?

a)

The movement of the Sun

b)

The phases of the Moon

c)

The positions of stars

d)

All of the above