A physically active 25-year-old male presents with foot pain after an injury. X-rays are obtained. A proximal fracture at which one of the following metatarsals would be at the greatest risk for nonunion? 

A 70-year-old male with well-controlled hypertension reports that he slipped and fell in his bedroom 2 weeks ago. The fall did not result in any injuries. He has heard that tai chi is effective at reducing fall risk in older adults, but no classes are offered locally. He asks about other options to prevent future falls.You should tell this patient that in older adults, evidence shows that any type of exercise

A 76-year-old male with a history of hypothyroidism, type 2 diabetes, remote partial ileocolectomy, and a Schatzki ring treated with dilation presents for follow-up. The review of symptoms is negative, but his spouse has noted some new memory impairment. The patient consumes a healthy vegetarian diet that includes dairy. Recent laboratory studies are significant for a vitamin B12 deficiency. His current medications include:

Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Insulin glargine (Lantus)
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Liraglutide (Victoza)

Which one of the following factors in this patient would be the most likely cause of a vitamin B12 deficiency?

A 68-year-old male with coronary artery disease, major depression, and hypertension presents for routine follow-up. He currently smokes a half-pack of cigarettes per day and asks what options are available to help with smoking cessation

Which one of the following would be the most effective treatment for smoking cessation?

A 78-year-old male with a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, ongoing tobacco use, and carotid endarterectomy presents to the emergency department with bloody diarrhea and severe lower abdominal pain

Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 35-year-old male presents to the urgent care clinic this morning after he became lost while hiking and was trapped outdoors overnight. He stayed in freezing temperatures with no preparation and was wearing light daytime clothing. He reports a sensation of pins and needles and very sensitive skin in his left index and middle fingers. On examination his vital signs are normal, including a core temperature of 37.0 °C (98.6 °F). His skin is normal except for his left index and middle fingers, which appear pale.

Which one of the following would be the most appropriate initial treatment?

To reduce overuse of antibiotics, the CDC promotes antibiotic stewardship. The recommended intervention is the implementation of an antibiotic time-out to improve outcomes when prescribing antibiotics in hospitals.

When should an antibiotic time-out be scheduled when prescribing an antibiotic at the time a patient is admitted to the hospital?

A patient is considering hormonal contraception, and you counsel her regarding the potential for abnormal uterine bleeding.

Which one of the following contraceptives is most associated with abnormal uterine bleeding that is less likely to improve with time?

A 15-year-old male is brought to your office for a sports preparticipation evaluation. You obtain a medical history and perform a physical examination, including elements from the American Heart Association's (AHA) 14-point screening evaluation.

According to the AHA 14-point screening evaluation, which one of the following findings would warrant an EKG prior to clearing this patient for participation in sports?