WorksheetsREGIONAL MID-YEAR ASSESSMENT IN SCIENCE 10
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 37mins
Which of the following statements best describes the lithosphere?
It is composed only of the Earth’s crust.
It is a layer of molten rock beneath Earth’s surface.
It is the liquid outer core that generates Earth’s magnetic field.
It is the rigid outer layer that includes the crust and part of the upper mantle.
Which of the following describes a harmful effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on living organisms?
UV radiation can damage the skin cells, leading to conditions like skin cancer.
UV radiation can speed up skin aging, causing wrinkles and dark spots.
UV radiation can irritate the eyes and lead to cataracts over time.
UV radiation can weaken the immune system.
What would happen when two oceanic plates converge?
The denser oceanic plate subducts on top of the less dense oceanic plate.
The less dense oceanic plate subducts above the denser continental plate.
The less dense oceanic plate subducts beneath the denser continental plate.
The denser oceanic plate subducts beneath the less dense oceanic plate, forming a trench and volcanic island arc.
Which of the following is the primary observational basis scientists use to divide Earth’s lithosphere into several plates?
the uneven distribution of heat in the globe
the cycle of high and low tides during a full moon
the brightness of stars and formation of constellations in the sky
the occurrence of earthquakes, volcanism, and mountain formation
Based on the arrows showing plate movement, which statement best describes the interaction of the lithospheric plates?
A. Plates A–D and B–C are both diverging.
B. Plates A–B and A–D are both diverging.
C. Plates A and B converge, while C and D diverge.
D. Plates B and C converge, while Plates B and D diverge.
Which sequence correctly shows the steps in locating the epicenter of an earthquake?
I → II → III → IV
III → IV → II → I
IV → III → II → I
II → I → III → IV
Why do the boundaries of South America and Africa provide evidence for plate movement?
They show similar mountain ranges along the coasts.
They appear to fit together like puzzle pieces.
They have the same types of climates.
They both contain active volcanoes.
The map shows locations where identical Glossopteris fossils and freshwater reptile fossils such as Mesosaurus and Lystrosaurus were found on continents now separated by oceans. How do these discoveries support the Theory of Plate Tectonics?
They suggest that continents were once connected, allowing species to spread before drifting apart.
They prove that the same plants and animals evolved independently on every continent.
They show that ocean currents carried fossils across vast oceans to other continents.
They confirm that volcanic eruptions scattered fossils around the world.
Which property of infrared radiation makes it especially useful for weather forecasting in the Philippines, and how does this help in predicting rainfall or temperature changes?
Its short wavelength supports satellite communication for weather monitoring.
It easily penetrates clouds to collect real-time data during heavy rains and storms.
Its short wavelength allows it to pass through the atmosphere and provide detailed data.
It detects heat emitted by the Earth's surface and clouds, enabling satellites to track temperature variations important for forecasting rainfall and storms.
We often listen to the radio and use mobile phones through radio waves, while microwaves are used for satellite connections and in weather forecasting. Since each type of electromagnetic wave has a different wavelength, they are used for specific purposes. Which electromagnetic wave is most appropriate for satellite communication, and why is it suitable?
Infrared waves, because their long wavelengths allow them to pass through solid objects.
X-rays, because their very short wavelengths make them effective for long-range communication.
Radio waves, because their long wavelengths allow travel over long distances through the atmosphere.
Microwaves, because their shorter wavelengths can penetrate Earth’s atmosphere and carry large amounts of data to and from satellites.
We use different kinds of electromagnetic waves for different needs. X-rays help doctors take images of bones and teeth, while microwaves are used for weather forecasting and satellite communication. Their difference in wavelengths explain why each wave is chosen for a specific purpose. Which statement best explains how the different wavelengths of X-rays and microwaves relate to their uses?
X-rays have very short wavelengths that let them penetrate the body for medical imaging, while microwaves have much longer wavelengths that pass through the atmosphere for weather monitoring and satellite communication.
Microwaves have longer wavelengths that allow them to pass through human tissue for medical imaging, while X-rays have shorter wavelengths suited for long-range communication.
X-rays have longer wavelengths, making them ideal for satellite communication, while microwaves have shorter wavelengths, making them better for weather forecasting.
Microwaves and X-rays have similar wavelengths, so they can be used interchangeably in medical imaging and communication.
What image is formed when an object is placed beyond the center of curvature of a concave mirror?
Real, inverted, and larger than the object
Virtual, upright, and larger than the object
Real, inverted, and smaller than the object
Virtual, upright, and smaller than the object
Leah places a red ribbon on the right side of her hair. In the mirror, it looks like the ribbon is on her left. Which best explains this observation?
The mirror flips the image upside down.
The mirror forms a real image that is turned sideways.
The mirror rotates the image 180°, exchanging the sides.
The mirror forms a virtual image that is laterally inverted, reversing left and right.
When an electric current passes through a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core, the core becomes magnetic. What best explains this phenomenon?
The wire creates magnetism by rubbing against the iron core.
The iron core is a permanent magnet that works without electricity.
The iron core produces magnetism on its own, even without current.
The coil of wire produces magnetism only when electric current flows, and the magnetism stops when the current is turned off.
Mang Tonyo’s e-trike uses a battery and an electric motor. What is the motor’s main job?
Convert electrical energy from the battery into motion to move the tricycle.
Convert motion into electricity to recharge the battery.
Produce sound and light for the driver.
Store electrical energy for later use.
A group of students observed a mountain range with frequent shallow earthquakes but no volcanic activity. Which conclusion best explains this observation?
The region is at a hotspot unrelated to plate boundaries.
The region is at a divergent boundary where a new crust is forming.
The region is at a transform boundary where plates slide past each other.
The region is at a convergent boundary where plates collide, but no subduction occurs.
Figure 4 shows the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate that formed the Himalaya Mountain Ranges. Why does this type of plate boundary create mountain ranges instead of volcanic island chains?
Because plates move apart at divergent boundaries, creating rift valleys.
Because plates slide past each other at transform boundaries, producing faults.
Because an oceanic plate subducts beneath a continental plate, producing volcanic arcs.
Because two continental plates collide at a convergent boundary, forcing the land upward into massive mountain ranges.
Which statement best explains how the Philippine archipelago was formed?
It originated from an oceanic–oceanic convergence, producing volcanic island arcs.
It resulted from a divergent boundary process, continuously creating new oceanic crust.
It was formed mainly through the convergence of the Philippine Sea Plate and the Eurasian Plate, creating trenches and volcanic arcs.
It was formed mainly through the convergence of the Pacific Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate, creating trenches and volcanic arcs.
When an oceanic plate converges with a continental plate, geologic processes occur. Which of the following shows the correct order of events?
A. IV → III → I → II
B. III → IV → I → II
C. II → I → IV → III
D. I → II → IV → III
The Philippines lies along the Pacific Ring of Fire, where many volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and mountain belts occur. Based on the Plate Tectonic Theory, which action is most appropriate for disaster preparedness?
Ignore volcanic activity because it is not related to plate movement.
Build major cities directly on active fault lines to take advantage of flat land.
Construct earthquake-resistant infrastructure in areas near plate boundaries.
Relocate all communities to the middle of tectonic plates, where earthquakes are most common.
A geologist collects magnetic data across a mid-ocean ridge and finds symmetrical magnetic patterns. Which conclusion best explains this observation?
Earth’s magnetic field has never changed direction.
The continents have always remained in fixed positions.
Magnetic reversals only occur on land, not under the sea.
New oceanic crust is continuously forming at the ridge and moving outward.
Examine Figure 5, showing symmetrical magnetic stripes on both sides of a mid-ocean ridge. The alternating magnetic stripes on both sides of a mid-ocean ridge primarily reveal which conclusion?
The Earth's magnetic field has reversed many times throughout history.
Magnetic stripes form because volcanoes only erupt on one side of the ridge.
The pattern shows that the ocean floor is very old and does not change over time.
Magnetic stripes prove that Earth's continents have always remained in the same position.
Why is the symmetry of magnetic “zebra stripes” on both sides of a mid-ocean ridge important?
It shows that ridges are formed only by compressional forces.
It indicates that magnetic reversals occur only beneath the ocean.
It proves Earth’s magnetic field has remained unchanged for millions of years.
It provides evidence that seafloor spreading occurs in both directions away from the ridge.
Based on Table 1, which type of electromagnetic wave has the highest energy, and what property from the table indicates this?
Gamma Rays, because they have the highest frequency range and are labeled with 'Extremely High' relative energy.
Ultraviolet (UV), because they have a high frequency range but lower than X-rays.
Visible Light, because it has high energy but a lower frequency range than UV.
Microwaves, because they have moderate energy and long wavelengths.
An object is placed at a distance equal to twice the focal length (2F) of a convex lens. Which statement best describes the image formed?
The image will be real, inverted, and the same size as the object.
The image will be virtual, inverted, and smaller than the object.
The image will be real, inverted, and smaller than the object.
The image will be real, upright, and larger than the object.
Marta can read up close but has difficulty seeing distant objects. What type of corrective lens should her doctor prescribe to help her see the board clearly?
Bifocal lens – aids both near and far vision.
Planar lens – flat and does not correct vision.
Convex lens – converges light for farsightedness.
Concave lens – diverges light for nearsightedness.
You are managing a small sari-sari store in your Barangay. To monitor customers and prevent shoplifting, which type of mirror provides the widest field of view for a store?
Plane mirror – shows objects at actual size.
Convex mirror – provides a wide field of view.
Concave mirror – focuses light and magnifies.
Two-way mirror – allows hidden observation but limited view.
A compound microscope uses two or more convex lenses to create a highly magnified, inverted image of a specimen. How do the properties of these lenses affect magnification and image quality?
Their short focal lengths and curvature bend light strongly, producing a clear, inverted image with high magnification.
Their long focal lengths reduce magnification and make the image smaller.
A concave lens is used to magnify the specimen but causes blurring.
They simply focus light to the eye but do not enlarge the image.
For item 29, analyze the wave diagram below. Which statement correctly compares the wavelengths of the labeled waves (A, B, C, D, E, F, and G)?
A. Wave A has a longer wavelength than B, and B has a longer wavelength than C.
B. Wave C has a longer wavelength than B, but a shorter wavelength than D.
C. Wave E has a longer wavelength than F, but a shorter wavelength than D.
D. Wave B has a longer wavelength than D, but a shorter wavelength than A.
Based on Figure 8, what best describes the pattern of earthquake epicenters, active volcanoes, and mountain belts around the Pacific Ring of Fire?
They are all over the place.
They are concentrated in one area.
They are situated in the same location.
They are strategically plotted in clusters.
How does the global distribution of active volcanoes, earthquake epicenters, and mountain belts shown in the figure 8 provide evidence for Plate Tectonic Theory?
Mountain belts form only in oceans, while earthquakes and volcanoes occur only on land supporting continental drift.
They mainly follow plate boundaries showing that most geologic activity happens where plates meet.
They form only in plate interiors, proving that plate interiors are most active.
Their random distribution shows that plate boundaries have little effect.
Figure 9 shows processes that drive the movement of lithospheric plates. Which choice best explains how these mechanisms work together?
Slab pull alone moves plates, while convection and ridge push have little effect.
Ridge push and slab pull oppose mantle convection, preventing continuous plate motion.
Mantle convection, slab pull, and ridge push occur independently and are not connected.
Mantle convection drives plate motion, and slab pull and ridge push strengthen this movement.
Evaluate this claim based on Figure 9: 'Only mantle convection drives plate motion; slab pull and ridge push are too weak to matter.' Which statement is most accurate?
The claim is incorrect; ridge push alone drives plate movement.
The claim is correct; mantle convection alone explains all types of plate movement.
The claim is incorrect; slab pull, and ridge push also play significant roles in moving plates.
The claim is correct; slab pull, and ridge push are merely results of plate motion, not causes.
Which set of evidence BEST shows both the past and present movement of Earth's lithospheric plates?
Fossil distribution and current volcanic activity.
Distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes only.
Fit of continental coastlines and fossil distribution.
Seafloor spreading patterns and paleomagnetism.
James Clerk Maxwell made a big contribution to electromagnetism by showing that light is a type of electromagnetic wave. His theory combined electricity, magnetism, and optics into one idea. Which key idea from Maxwell's theory explains how electric and magnetic fields generate electromagnetic waves?
The interaction of two current-carrying wires depends on their size and the strength of their currents.
An oscillating charge produces a changing electric field, which creates a changing magnetic field.
The behavior of electromagnetic waves, such as reflection and refraction, is similar to that of light and heat waves.
A compass needle deflects when placed near a wire carrying electric current, showing the presence of a magnetic field.
In the Philippines, PAGASA and other weather stations use electromagnetic waves to monitor the atmosphere and forecast the weather. Based on the properties of the electromagnetic spectrum, why are radio waves used for communication and infrared rays for weather observation?
Ultraviolet rays have shorter wavelengths and are better for long-distance communication, while radio waves are for weather monitoring.
Radio waves have long wavelengths that travel great distances, while infrared detects heat patterns useful for monitoring the atmosphere.
Ultraviolet rays have the longest wavelengths, making them ideal for satellite communication, while radio waves forecast weather.
Radio waves and ultraviolet rays have similar wavelengths, making them suitable for both communication and weather monitoring.
Filipino engineers are improving the country's telecom system. Which statement correctly shows how radio waves, microwaves, and infrared waves help in communication?
Radio waves send mobile and TV signals far; microwaves link satellites; infrared is for short-range devices like remote controls.
Radio waves handle all signals due to shortest wavelength; microwaves forecast weather; infrared sends TV broadcasts.
Microwaves mainly send mobile signals; infrared works for long distance; radio waves handle satellites.
Infrared carries TV signals long distance; microwaves power GPS; radio waves work only for local calls.
For item 38, analyze the illustration below. Which statement best explains how the difference in wavelength between radio waves and infrared waves relates to their uses in telecommunications and night-vision technology?
A. Radio waves have longer wavelengths, allowing long-distance communication, while infrared’s shorter wavelengths detect heat for night-vision devices.
B. Infrared waves have longer wavelengths that pass-through walls, while radio waves’ shorter wavelengths enable long-range communication.
C. Infrared waves are slightly longer than radio waves, making them interchangeable in both applications.
D. Their wavelengths are nearly the same, so both works equally well for communication and night vision.
Which statement accurately explains how high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (e.g., X-rays, gamma rays) can affect human health and the environment?
Low-frequency radiation like radio waves is non-ionizing and harmless to living tissues, and microwaves cause only temporary warming without long-term effects.
Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can damage DNA in skin cells, increasing skin cancer risk, but it does not affect plant life or ecosystems.
Infrared radiation from the sun drives photosynthesis in plants and poses no risk to humans or the environment.
High-frequency radiation such as X-rays and gamma rays can damage living tissues.
Anita stands in front of a metal spoon and observes her reflection. She notices that her image appears inverted and smaller than her actual size. The spoon is a concave mirror, and the image formed is a result of the light reflecting off its curved surface. Which of the following diagrams correctly represents the position of Anita’s image relative to the metal spoon?
A. [Image of inverted, smaller image between C and F]
B. [Image of upright image between C and F]
C. [Image of upright image beyond F]
D. [Image of inverted, smaller image beyond C]
When an object is placed beyond the center of curvature of a concave mirror, which statement best describes the image formed?
The image is virtual, upright, and larger than the object.
The image is real, inverted, and smaller than the object.
The image is virtual, inverted, and larger than the object.
The image is real, upright, and the same size as the object.
During a science class in a local high school in Bulacan, students perform an experiment using a coil of wire and a bar magnet. In Setup A, the magnet is fixed while the coil is moved back and forth. In Setup B, the coil is fixed in place, and the magnet is slowly pulled out at a steady speed. The teacher asks the class to observe the motion between the coil and the magnet.
In Setup B, the coil moves while the magnet stays in place.
In Setup B, the magnet and coil are both still, so no current is produced.
In Setup A, both the coil and magnet are stationary, so nothing happens.
In Setup A the magnet remains still while the coil moves, and in Setup B the coil remains still while the magnet moves; in both cases, their relative motion induces a current.
In a science laboratory experiment, students are working with a simple electric motor and a generator. In Setup A, they rotate a coil of wire inside a magnetic field, producing electricity. In Setup B, current from a battery flow through a coil in the motor, causing the fan blade to spin. The teacher then asks the students to identify how energy is transformed in each device. Which statement best explains the energy transformations in these devices?
The electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy (spinning fan), while the generator converts mechanical energy from the rotating coil into electrical energy.
The electric motor converts electrical energy into electrical energy again, while the generator converts mechanical energy mainly into heat.
The electric motor converts electrical energy directly into light energy, while the generator produces electricity from heat in the coil.
The electric motor uses mechanical energy to create a magnetic field, while the generator makes a permanent magnet.
Figure 14 shows a stationary hotspot beneath Hawaii that sends magma upward to form volcanoes. Hawaii is the youngest island, and the island age increases northwestward. Which statement BEST explains what this age pattern reveals about hotspot activity and plate motion?
A. The Pacific Plate moves over a stationary hotspot, forming a chain of islands of different ages.
B. The hotspot moves across the Pacific Plate, creating a chain of volcanoes.
C. All the Hawaiian Islands formed at the same time from a single eruption.
D. The hotspot shifts location each time a new volcano form.
If Plates A and B converge while Plates C and D diverge, what happens to Earth’s overall size?
The Earth's overall size does not change; it has remained constant since its formation.
The Earth becomes smaller because convergent boundaries destroy more crust than divergent boundaries create.
The Earth becomes larger because divergent boundaries produce more new crust than convergent boundaries consume.
The Earth's overall size remains balanced because crust destroyed at subduction zones is replaced by new crust formed at mid-ocean ridges.
If Plates A and B are both continental and converge, which feature will most likely form?
A tall, extensive mountain range as the plates collide and crumple.
A deep ocean trench formed by subduction.
A volcanic island chain along the boundary.
A mid-ocean ridge where new crust forms.
Using Figure 15, what is the most likely result of these plate interactions?
Plates A and B diverge to create a new ocean basin.
Plates C and D move apart, forming mid-ocean ridges and trenches.
Plates A and B are pulled apart by mantle forces, causing subduction and mountain formation.
Plates A and B converge, with the denser plate subducting to form a deep-ocean trench and volcanic island arc, while Plates C and D diverge, creating new oceanic crust and a mid-ocean ridge.
The Mindanao Trench formed where the Philippine Sea Plate meets the Eurasian Plate. Which combination of statements best explains its geologic origin?
I and II only
II and III only
II, IV, and I
I, III, and IV
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun can cause skin cancer and damage ecosystems such as coral reefs. Which action best reduces the risks of UV radiation for both people and the environment?
Use sunscreen and protective clothing and reduce emissions that damage the ozone layer.
Limit exposure to radio waves and microwaves instead of UV radiation.
Ignore UV effects because they occur only during intense sunlight.
Increase mobile phone and microwave use to avoid UV radiation.
Some residents of Sta. Rita is debating whether a proposed cell tower could harm people or the environment. Which statement gives the most balanced, evidence-based view of the electromagnetic (EM) radiation from cell towers?
Studies show EM radiation from cell towers is generally within international safety limits, though research continues.
Cell towers should be banned until their safety is proven with absolute certainty.
EM radiation from cell towers is always dangerous and should never be built.
EM radiation from cell towers is completely harmless.
