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WorksheetsChapters 16 & 17 Test
Total questions: 39
Worksheet time: 20mins
A conscious and alert 29-year-old female with a history of asthma complains of difficulty breathing that began after her morning jog. The temperature outside is 40°F (5°C). On exam, you hear bilateral expiratory wheezing. After providing supplemental oxygen, you should: Select one.
place her in a recumbent position to facilitate breathing.
call medical control and ask how to proceed with treatment.
contact medical control and administer an antihistamine.
determine if she has been prescribed a beta-agonist inhaler.
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when: Select one.
the inner layers of the aorta become separated.
the aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding.
all layers of the aorta suddenly contract.
a weakened area develops in the aortic wall.
Angina pectoris occurs when: Select one.
myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.
one or more coronary arteries suddenly spasm.
myocardial oxygen supply exceeds the demand.
a coronary artery is totally occluded by plaque.
Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by: Select one.
decreased pumping force of the heart muscle.
hypovolemia secondary to severe vomiting.
a profound increase in the patient’s heart rate.
widespread dilation of the systemic vasculature.
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the: Select one.
right atrium.
right ventricle.
left ventricle.
left atrium.
In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the parasympathetic nervous system: Select one.
dilates the blood vessels in the muscles.
causes an increase in the heart rate.
slows the heart and respiratory rates.
prepares the body to handle stress.
Most patients are instructed by their physician to take up to ________ doses of nitroglycerin before calling EMS. Select one.
two
five
three
four
Narrowing of the coronary arteries caused by a buildup of fatty deposits is called: Select one.
acute ischemia.
angina pectoris.
arteriosclerosis.
atherosclerosis.
Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should: Select one.
assess for a pulse for 20 seconds.
perform CPR for 30 seconds.
dry the chest if it is wet.
contact medical control.
The AED is MOST advantageous to the EMT because: Select one.
it delivers prompt defibrillation to patients with ventricular fibrillation.
its use does not require the presence of advanced life support personnel.
it delivers an unlimited number of shocks with the same amount of energy.
Select one: The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:
atrioventricular node
bundle of His
coronary sinus
sinoatrial node
Select one: The iliac arteries immediately subdivide into the:
femoral arteries
posterior tibial arteries
anterior tibial arteries
peroneal arteries
Select one: The MOST common reason that many people experiencing AMI do not seek immediate medical attention is because they:
cannot afford it
are elderly
are in denial
do not trust EMTs
Select one: The right coronary artery supplies blood to the:
right atrium and posterior wall of the right ventricle
left ventricle and inferior wall of the right atrium
left ventricle and posterior wall of the right ventricle
right ventricle and inferior wall of the left ventricle
Select one: Upon arriving at the residence of a patient with a possible cardiac problem, it is MOST important to:
determine if you need additional help
request a paramedic unit for assistance
assess the scene for potential hazards
gain immediate access to the patient
Select one: When documenting a patient's description of his or her chest pain or discomfort, the EMT should:
use medical terminology
document his or her own perception
use the patient's own words
underline the patient's quotes
Select one: When preparing to obtain a 12-lead ECG, the LL and RL electrodes should be placed:
on the lower abdomen
on either side of the chest
on the thighs or ankles
anywhere on the arms
Select one: Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary veins
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary arteries
Select one: Which of the following medications is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots from forming or getting bigger?
Furosemide (Lasix)
Metoprolol (Toprol)
Aspirin
Oxygen
Select one: Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
Dependent edema
Labored breathing
Pulmonary edema
Select one: Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?
Nitroglycerin should be administered between the cheek and gum.
Nitroglycerin usually relieves anginal chest pain within 5 minutes.
The potency of nitroglycerin is increased when exposed to light.
A maximum of five nitroglycerin doses should be given to a patient.
Select one: A pleural effusion is MOST accurately defined as:
fluid accumulation outside the lung.
a bacterial infection of the lung tissue.
a unilaterally collapsed lung.
diffuse collapsing of the alveoli.
Select one: Albuterol is a generic name for:
Atrovent.
Ventolin.
Alupent.
Singulair.
Select one: Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when:
dangerous acids accumulate in the bloodstream.
slow, shallow breathing eliminates too much carbon dioxide.
the level of carbon dioxide in the blood increases.
blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing.
Select one: An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with:
respiratory insufficiency.
respiratory difficulty.
adequate air exchange.
an obstructed airway.
Select one: Asthma is caused by a response of the:
cardiovascular system.
respiratory system.
immune system.
endocrine system.
Select one: At the onset of an acute asthma attack, patients commonly experience difficulty breathing and:
expiratory wheezing.
audible stridor.
rales and rhonchi.
profound cyanosis.
Select one: Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include:
altered mental status and bradycardia.
unilateral paralysis and slurred speech.
anxiety, dizziness, and severe bradypnea.
tachypnea and tingling in the extremities.
Select one: Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as:
labored breathing with reduced tidal volume.
a complete cessation of respiratory effort.
shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.
a marked increase in the exhalation phase.
Select one: Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT:
a narcotic overdose.
high blood glucose levels.
a respiratory infection.
an overdose of aspirin.
Select one: In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur:
oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar–capillary membrane.
the percentage of inhaled carbon dioxide must exceed the percentage of inhaled oxygen.
the pulmonary capillaries must be completely constricted and the alveoli must be collapsed.
there must be low quantities of pulmonary surfactant to allow for full alveolar expansion.
Select one: In what area of the lungs does respiration occur?
Trachea
Alveoli
Capillaries
Bronchi
Select one: The two processes that occur during respiration are:
diffusion and oxygenation.
inspiration and expiration.
oxygenation and ventilation.
ventilation and diffusion.
Select one: When assessing for fluid collection in the lungs during auscultation of lung sounds, you should:
pay special attention to the exhalation phase because this is when you will likely hear rales or rhonchi.
start at the lower lung fields and determine at which level you start hearing clear breath sounds.
note the presence of a high-pitched whistling sound, which is an indicator of fluid in the lungs.
auscultate the posterior chest first and compare the apex of one lung to the base of the opposite lung.
Select one: When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. This means that the patient has:
abnormal breath sounds.
diminished breath sounds.
an absence of breath sounds.
normal breath sounds.
Select one: When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal:
respirations decrease in rate and depth.
exhalation lasts longer than inhalation.
the brain stem inhibits respirations.
respirations increase in rate and depth.
Select one: Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in hypoxia?
Severe anxiety
Pulmonary edema
Pleural effusion
Narcotic overdose
Select one: Which of the following is MOST characteristic of adequate breathing?
20 breaths/min with shallow movement of the chest wall and pallor
24 breaths/min with bilaterally equal breath sounds and pink skin
30 breaths/min with supraclavicular retractions and clammy skin
22 breaths/min with an irregular pattern of breathing and cyanosis
Select one: Which of the following statements regarding pulse oximetry is correct?
Caution must be exercised when using the pulse oximeter on a patient with carbon monoxide poisoning because falsely low readings are common.
Pulse oximetry measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is saturated with oxygen but does not measure the actual hemoglobin content of the blood.
Most otherwise healthy patients can maintain adequate oxygenation and good skin color with oxygen saturation readings as low as 70% to 80%.
The pulse oximeter is a valuable assessment tool that measures the percentage of red blood cells that contain hemoglobin molecules.
