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Cells Study Guide

Total questions: 54

Worksheet time: 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Identify the scientist described: used the word cell, observed cork trees under a microscope, did not know their true function.

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Rudolph Virchow

e)

Theodore Schwann

2.

Identify the scientist described: developed microscopes to see greater magnification and observed and described red blood cells.

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Rudolph Virchow

e)

Theodore Schwann

3.

Identify the scientist described: said that all plant tissues are made of cells, emphasized that the cell is the basic building block of plants, and indicated the importance of the nucleus.

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Rudolph Virchow

e)

Theodore Schwann

4.

Identify the scientist described: proposed the latest piece of modern cell theory stating that all cells come from preexisting cells.

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Rudolph Virchow

e)

Theodore Schwann

5.

Identify the scientist described: stated that all animal tissue is made of cells.

a)

Robert Hooke

b)

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c)

Matthias Schleiden

d)

Rudolph Virchow

e)

Theodore Schwann

6.

Select all items that are functions of cells.

a)

Metabolism

b)

Response

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Locomotion of the whole organism

e)

Growth

7.

Select all items that are functions of cells.

a)

Reproduction

b)

Nutrition

c)

Defense

d)

Weather forecasting

e)

Energy production

8.

Select the statements that are parts of the modern cell theory.

a)

All organisms are composed of cells

b)

Cells are the basic building blocks of life

c)

All cells come from preexisting cells

d)

Cells are visible without magnification

e)

Cells cannot grow

9.

Which part of the modern cell theory was added last, and by whom?

a)

All organisms are composed of cells

b)

Cells are the basic building blocks of life

c)

All cells come from preexisting cells (Virchow)

10.

Which organelle is described: surrounds the plant cell and maintains cell shape and structure; present only in plants; one present along the outside of each plant cell.

a)

Cell wall

b)

Cell membrane

c)

Vacuole

d)

Chloroplast

11.

Which organelle is described: the “gatekeeper” that controls what goes in and out of the cell; present in all cells; made of phospholipid bilayer; controls cell transport.

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cell wall

c)

Nucleus

d)

Golgi apparatus

12.

Which organelle is described: gel-like fluid that supports the cell organelles and holds them in place; present in all cells.

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Vacuole

d)

Lysosome

13.

Which organelle is described: the “control center” of the cell; one found in the center of animal cells and usually off-center in plant cells; holds DNA.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Mitochondrion

c)

Ribosome

d)

Chloroplast

14.

Which organelle is described: a place where materials are processed and moved around the cell; one present in all cells; rough version has ribosomes on it, smooth version does not.

a)

Endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Golgi apparatus

c)

Ribosome

d)

Lysosome

15.

Which organelle is described: makes protein for the cell; many present throughout all cells; observed as tiny circles.

a)

Ribosome

b)

Mitochondrion

c)

Endoplasmic reticulum

d)

Vacuole

16.

Which organelle is described: packages and transmits cellular material throughout all cells; one present.

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

Endoplasmic reticulum

c)

Lysosome

d)

Cell wall

17.

Which organelle is described: storage space for water, waste, food, and other cellular material; one present in plant cells (central) and many present in animal cells.

a)

Vacuole

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Lysosome

d)

Chloroplast

18.

Which organelle is described: the “powerhouse” of the cell that breaks down food to make energy; has folded inner membrane.

a)

Mitochondrion

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Nucleus

d)

Golgi apparatus

19.

Which organelle is described: makes food for plant cells only; many present; contains chlorophyll.

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondrion

c)

Vacuole

d)

Ribosome

20.

Which organelle is described: responsible for digestion and waste removal; many present.

a)

Lysosome

b)

Golgi apparatus

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

21.

Label the following cell. In the pictured plant cell, which structure is the rigid outer boundary surrounding the cell?

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cell wall

c)

Nucleus

d)

Vacuole

22.

Label the following cell. In the pictured plant cell, which structure controls the cell’s activities and contains genetic material?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Vacuole

23.

Label the following cell. In the pictured plant cell, which structure carries out photosynthesis?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Vacuole

d)

Cell membrane

24.

Label the following cell. In the pictured plant cell, which structure stores water and helps maintain turgor pressure?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Vacuole

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Mitochondria

25.

Label the following cell. In the pictured plant cell, which structure forms a flexible boundary that regulates entry and exit of substances?

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Cell wall

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

26.

What is the cell membrane made up of?

a)

Protein fibers

b)

Phospholipid bilayer

c)

Cellulose plates

d)

Chitin sheets

27.

In a phospholipid, which part is polar and hydrophilic?

a)

The tails

b)

The heads

c)

The entire molecule is nonpolar

d)

Neither heads nor tails

28.

In a phospholipid, which part is nonpolar and hydrophobic?

a)

The heads

b)

The tails

c)

Both heads and tails

d)

Neither heads nor tails

29.

The cell membrane is selectively permeable—what does this mean?

a)

All substances can freely pass in both directions

b)

No substances can pass at any time

c)

The membrane allows some molecules to enter or exit while restricting others

d)

Only water can pass through the membrane

30.

What type of transport is required to move particles against the concentration gradient?

a)

Passive transport

b)

Simple diffusion

c)

Active transport

d)

Osmosis

31.

What is significant about transport against the concentration gradient?

a)

It happens without energy

b)

It requires ATP and often uses transport proteins

c)

It only moves water

d)

It cannot occur in living cells

32.

Passive transport is best described as which of the following?

a)

Movement of materials through the membrane without using cellular energy

b)

Movement that always requires ATP

c)

Transport of large particles only

d)

A process limited to plants

33.

Which statement describes simple diffusion?

a)

A passive transport that requires a protein channel

b)

A passive transport where small molecules move from high to low concentration without added energy

c)

An active transport that uses ATP

d)

Movement of water across a membrane only

34.

Which statement describes facilitated diffusion?

a)

Passive transport that requires a protein channel for molecules to cross

b)

Active transport that uses ATP

c)

Movement of water only

d)

Transport that occurs against the concentration gradient

35.

Which statement describes active transport?

a)

Requires energy in the form of ATP to move substances

b)

Requires no energy and uses only diffusion

c)

Moves water across a membrane

d)

Occurs only in the chloroplast

36.

Which statement describes osmosis?

a)

Diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane

b)

Active transport of sugars using ATP

c)

Movement of gases through a protein pump

d)

Endocytosis of large particles

37.

During endocytosis, what does the cell membrane do?

a)

Forms a channel for ions

b)

Changes shape to engulf a particle, forming a vacuole inside the cell

c)

Expels contents to the outside of the cell

d)

Creates new mitochondria

38.

Which process expels large particles from a cell by fusing a vacuole with the cell membrane?

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Osmosis

d)

Facilitated diffusion

39.

Exocytosis requires which of the following?

a)

No energy

b)

Only a protein channel

c)

Energy (ATP)

d)

Only occurs in plants

40.

Which statement best describes the compound light microscope?

a)

Uses electrons to magnify up to 1,000,000×

b)

Requires light to pass through the specimen and is used to view objects at the cellular level

c)

Designed to reflect light and view at low magnification only

d)

Cannot exceed 40× magnification

41.

Which statement best describes the electron microscope?

a)

Uses light to pass through the specimen up to 400×

b)

Uses electrons to magnify and can view molecules at the atomic level

c)

Is also called a dissection microscope

d)

Only used for living specimens

42.

Which statement best describes the stereo microscope?

a)

Also called a dissection microscope and used to view at low magnification with reflected light

b)

Requires electrons to magnify

c)

Used only to view atomic-scale structures

d)

Cannot zoom beyond 10×

43.

What is the typical zoom range of a compound light microscope?

a)

1×–10×

b)

10×–40×

c)

40×–400×

d)

10×–400×

44.

Identify the low power of magnification when the eyepiece is 10× and the objective is 4×.

a)

10×4=40×10\times4=40\times

b)

10×10=100×10\times10=100\times

c)

10×40=400×10\times40=400\times

d)

4×10=14×4\times10=14\times

45.

Identify the medium power of magnification when the eyepiece is 10× and the objective is 10×.

a)

10×4=40×10\times4=40\times

b)

10×10=100×10\times10=100\times

c)

10×40=400×10\times40=400\times

d)

10×1=10×10\times1=10\times

46.

Identify the high power of magnification when the eyepiece is 10× and the objective is 40×.

a)

10×4=40×10\times4=40\times

b)

10×10=100×10\times10=100\times

c)

10×40=400×10\times40=400\times

d)

40×10=40×40\times10=40\times

47.

Identify the following as plant or animal cell: the image shows rectangular cells with cell walls arranged like bricks.

a)

Plant cell

b)

Animal cell

c)

Bacterial cell

d)

Fungal spore

48.

Identify the following as plant or animal cell: the image shows many pink circular cells without cell walls.

a)

Plant cell

b)

Animal cell

c)

Bacterial cell

d)

Protist

49.

Photosynthesis is the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food. Which balanced description of inputs and products matches this process?

a)

Carbon dioxide + water produce glucose and oxygen

b)

Glucose + oxygen produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

c)

Water alone turns into oxygen

d)

ATP combines with carbon dioxide to form glucose

50.

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. Which description of inputs and products matches this process?

a)

Carbon dioxide + water produce glucose and oxygen

b)

Glucose + oxygen produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

c)

ATP + oxygen produce glucose

d)

Water turns into glucose

51.

Where does cellular respiration occur in eukaryotic cells, according to the worksheet?

a)

Only in the chloroplast

b)

In the mitochondria and the cytoplasm

c)

In the vacuole

d)

Only in the nucleus

52.

Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells, according to the worksheet?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleus

53.

Which organisms use each process, as described in the worksheet?

a)

Only plants perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration

b)

All organisms perform cellular respiration, while plants perform photosynthesis

c)

Only animals perform cellular respiration

d)

Neither plants nor animals perform photosynthesis

54.

How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related, based on the worksheet description?

a)

They are unrelated and occur in separate organisms only

b)

The waste products of one are used in the other; the processes rely on each other

c)

They happen only at night

d)

Both produce glucose as their primary waste

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