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Philosophy and Science Multiple Choice Questions

Total questions: 42

Worksheet time: 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The science on forms, laws and ways of thinking:

a)

logic

b)

axiology

c)

ontology

d)

epistemology

e)

logistics

2.

The form of empirical cognition:

a)

judgment

b)

hypothesis

c)

observation

d)

syllogism

e)

theory

3.

The concept used in the logic and methodology of science to denote the process of establishing the truth of scientific statements as a result of their empirical experience:

a)

Hypothesis

b)

The concept

c)

Falsification

d)

Demarcation

e)

Verification

4.

The main task of philosophy is the construction of a new method of science, believed:

a)

Socrates

b)

Rene Descartes

c)

Francis Bacon

d)

Georg Hegel

e)

Aristotle

5.

The philosopher who formulated 4 methodological rules:

a)

Socrates

b)

Rene Descartes

c)

Francis Bacon

d)

Georg Hegel

e)

Aristotle

6.

A philosophical method based on the principles of interpretation of any texts or systems of concepts:

a)

Maieutics

b)

Dialectics

c)

Hermeneutics

d)

Eclectic

e)

Sophistry

7.

The founder of the experimental mathematical methods of nature research:

a)

Galileo Galilei

b)

Nicolas Copernicus

c)

Leonardo da Vinci

d)

Thomas Moore

e)

Niccolo Machiavelli

8.

The influence of philosophy on XVII century Modern science is the creation of two most important philosophical and methodological concepts:

a)

Modernism and Postmodernism

b)

Rationalism and Empiricism

c)

Sensualism and Empiricism

d)

Personalism and Pragmatism

e)

Existentialism and Philosophy of life

9.

The main function of science is:

a)

The search and production of new knowledge

b)

The education of people

c)

Cultural development of society

d)

Technological development and improvement of life style

e)

Social justice and harmony

10.

The main purpose of science is:

a)

Make a discovery

b)

Achieve the truth

c)

Do experiments

d)

Explore nature

e)

Create theories

11.

The philosopher who introduced the concepts of “normal science” and “paradigm shift”:

a)

I. Lakatos

b)

P. Feyerabend

c)

A. Comte

d)

T. Kuhn

e)

L. Wittgenstein

12.

The practical value of science is as follows:

a)

Do experiments

b)

Explore nature

c)

Make a discovery

d)

To bring benefits to humanity

e)

Create theories

13.

The prerequisites of the experimental method were obtained in the era of:

a)

Antiquity

b)

the Middle Ages

c)

Renaissance

d)

Modern Times

e)

Postmodern

14.

The principle of falsification was introduced into scientific circulation by:

a)

J. Derrida

b)

A. Camus

c)

K. Jaspers

d)

T. Kuhn

e)

K. Popper

15.

The set of beliefs, values, technical means adopted by the scientific community and providing a scientific tradition:

a)

scientific paradigms

b)

scientific theories

c)

scientific schemes

d)

Scientific revolutions

e)

scientific experiments

16.

The work "The structure of scientific revolutions" was written by postpositivist:

a)

K. Popper

b)

T. Adorno

c)

J. Habermas

d)

T. Kuhn

e)

L. Wittgenstein

17.

This philosopher and scientist told about the hypertrophied development of science:

a)

Ernest Rutherford

b)

Richard Dawkins

c)

Isaak Newton

d)

Bertrand Russell

e)

Gottfried Leibniz

18.

What principle is opposite to verification?

a)

falsification

b)

simulation

c)

stimulation

d)

regeneration

e)

generalization

19.

The conclusion of the 14th-century scholastic philosopher William of Ockham about the necessity to separate ethical-theological problems from philosophical ones is called:

a)

Ockham's boundary

b)

Ockham's razor

c)

Ockham's knife

d)

Ockham's scissors

e)

Ockham's blade

20.

Descartes calls the study of God, the soul, and the beginnings of perfect knowledge:

a)

Theology

b)

Teleology

c)

Metaphysics

d)

Physics

e)

Ethics

21.

The three stages in the history of humanity (religious, metaphysical, positive or scientific) were distinguished by:

a)

Auguste Comte

b)

Karl Marx

c)

Immanuel Kant

d)

Friedrich Engels

e)

Søren Kierkegaard

22.

Technology as a means of understanding, revealing truth changes the perception of nature by humans, according to:

a)

Herbert Marcuse

b)

Alvin Toffler

c)

Martin Heidegger

d)

Arnold J. Toynbee

e)

Karl Jaspers

23.

The idea of "technocracy" as the rule of engineers was initially developed by:

a)

A) Thorstein Veblen

b)

B) Max Weber

c)

C) Karl Marx

d)

D) Herbert Marcuse

e)

E) José Ortega y Gasset

24.

The "myth of the machine," that is, the idea that mega-technology is unavoidable in our lives and is highly beneficial, was debunked by:

a)

Zbigniew Brzezinski

b)

Lewis Mumford

c)

Daniel Bell

d)

Walt Whitman Rostow

e)

Jacques Ellul

25.

The statement that the biological laws of the struggle for existence and natural selection operate in the social sphere is characteristic of:

a)

Freudian

b)

Positivism

c)

Marxism

d)

Darwinism

e)

Creationism

26.

Founder of sociology as a positive science:

a)

M. Weber

b)

O. Comte

c)

K. Marx

d)

G. Hegel

e)

I. Kant

27.

"All sciences are divided into physics and stamp collecting", - said:

a)

Ernest Rutherford

b)

Richard Dawkins

c)

Immanuel Kant

d)

Albert Einstein

e)

Isaac Newton

28.

"The book of nature is written in the language of mathematics," - argued:

a)

Copernicus

b)

Galileo

c)

Bacon

d)

Descartes

e)

Newton

29.

"There is as much truth in every knowledge as there is mathematics", - believed:

a)

Copernicus

b)

Galileo

c)

Kant

d)

Descartes

e)

Newton

30.

A system of philosophy that recognize only things that can be scientifically or logically proved is:

a)

Romanticism

b)

Existentialism

c)

Nihilism

d)

Positivism

e)

There is no correct answer

31.

Aristotle divided the Sciences into three group:

a)

Theoretical, practical and rational

b)

Theoretical, practical and cultural

c)

Theoretical, practical and ethical

d)

Theoretical, practical and empirical

e)

Theoretical, practical and poetic

32.

Author by the famous “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”:

a)

Francis Bacon

b)

Gottfried Leibniz

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Benedict Spinoza

e)

Rene Descartes

33.

Author of concept of the scientific knowledge model:

a)

I. Lakatos

b)

G. Leibniz

c)

J. Fichte

d)

G. Hegel

e)

A. Schopenhauer

34.

Author of the mechanical scientific vision of the world:

a)

Isaac Newton

b)

Gottfried Leibniz

c)

Benedict Spinoza

d)

Rene Descartes

e)

Francis Bacon

35.

From the point of view of externalism, the emergence of science is due to:

a)

External circumstances

b)

Social environment

c)

Economic situation

d)

Political power

e)

All of the above

36.

In the philosophy of science, the problem of distinguishing the science and non-science:

a)

falsification

b)

verification

c)

proliferation

d)

demarcation

e)

negative heuristics

37.

Leonardo da Vinci was not only a great artist, but also:

a)

A) A great inventor

b)

B) A scientist

c)

C) An engineer

d)

D) A writer

e)

E) All of the above

38.

Philosophers, close towards internalism are:

a)

Descartes

b)

Hegel

c)

Popper

d)

Husserl

e)

All of the above

39.

The application of knowledge to reach practical goals in a reproducible way and also the product of such an endeavor:

a)

technology

b)

production

c)

reproduction

d)

quantification

e)

qualification

40.

The author of the Concept of Personal Knowledge is:

a)

Ernest Rutherford

b)

Richard Dawkins

c)

Michael Polanyi

d)

Bertrand Russell

e)

Isaak Newton

41.

The author of the famous treatise of the Middle Ages "Canon of medical science":

a)

Al-Kindi

b)

Ibn Sina

c)

Al-Farabi

d)

Ibn Khaldun

e)

Al-Ghazali

42.

The author of the term "paradigm":

a)

Thomas Kuhn

b)

Erich Fromm

c)

Sigmund Freud

d)

Bertrand Russell

e)

Imre Lakatos