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WorksheetsExtra Credit EOC Review #2
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 40mins
Which of the following can be concluded about the internal cellular contents of this prokaryote?
The cell does not contain ribosomes.
The cell does not contain a nucleus.
The cell contains mitochondria.
The cell contains a vacuole.
Before mitosis begins, a cell makes a copy of the DNA in the nucleus. What term is used to describe this process of making an exact copy of the DNA?
duplication
fertilization
hybridization
replication
A carbohydrate molecule is shown below. What is the building block of this carbohydrate?
oleic acid, a fatty acid
leucine, an amino acid
glucose, a monosaccharide
cytosine, a nitrogenous base
The diagram below shows changes in the concentrations of sodium and potassium ions inside and outside a nerve cell. These changes prepare the nerve cell to conduct an electrical impulse. Which of the following processes is directly responsible for these changes in the concentrations of sodium and potassium ions inside and outside the nerve cell?
active transport
enzyme activity
osmosis
transcription
A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27°C. The gas being collected is probably ____.
oxygen
carbon dioxide
ATP
vaporized water
A geneticist at the French National Center for Scientific Research adds an enzyme to a sample of human DNA to see if the DNA changes. Which result would best support the conclusion that the enzyme had no effect on the DNA?
The DNA has uracil bases.
The DNA has unpaired nitrogenous bases.
The DNA has a single strand with nucleotides and a sugar-phosphate backbone.
The DNA has a double helix shape with nucleotide pairs and sugar-phosphate backbones.
Crossing over is one event that can cause an offspring to have a phenotype that is different from its parents. Which of the following statements describes another event that can sometimes cause an offspring to have a phenotype that is different from its parents?
The offspring is produced by asexual reproduction.
Natural selection favors the offspring with specific genetic traits.
Dominant alleles are passed from the parents and expressed in the offspring.
A genetic mutation occurs in one of the parent gametes and is passed to the offspring.
A paternity test is given in a custody case and the following DNA profile is generated. Which of the following statements best describes the data from the DNA profile?
Dad 1 is most likely the father of the baby.
Dad 2 is most likely the father of the baby.
Neither dad is the father of the baby.
A DNA profile is not the best way to determine parentage.
The pictures below show two types of hairlines that children can inherit from their parents. The allele for a widow’s peak hairline (W) is dominant, and the allele for a straight hairline (w) is recessive. If both parents are heterozygous (Ww) for this trait, what is the probability that their child will have a straight hairline?
0%
25%
50%
75%
In four o’clock plants, the allele for red flower color is incompletely dominant to the allele for white flower color. As a result, plants that are heterozygous for flower color have pink flowers. If two plants with pink flowers are crossed, what are the expected percentages of phenotypes in the offspring?
0% red, 100% pink, 0% white
25% red, 50% pink, 25% white
50% red, 0% pink, 50% white
50% red, 50% pink, 0% white
Which of the following processes provides genetic diversity for a species?
mitosis
meiosis
predation
speciation
According to the diagram below, what is the common ancestor of all organisms on the phylogenetic tree?
B
D
C
E
Which of the following organisms are most closely related?
Asterias rubens and Asterias forbesi
Bubulcus ibis and Xenicibis xympithecus
Ophiderma salamandra and Salamandra algira
Ceanothus americanus and Lethocerus americanus
A population of flat-tailed horned lizards was found in a geographically isolated area. In 2002, the size of the population was about 25,500. In 2004, the size of the population was about 32,800. Which of the following statements explains the change in the size of the lizard population from 2002 to 2004?
The birth rate was greater than the death rate.
The emigration rate was greater than the birth rate.
The death rate was greater than the immigration rate.
The emigration rate was greater than the immigration rate.
If the producers in a food web were removed, which of the following changes would most likely occur?
The food web would depend on the decomposers for energy.
The consumers would begin making energy for the food web.
The populations of the remaining organisms in the food web would increase.
The entire food web would collapse over time.
The oceans have become increasingly acidic in recent years as the water absorbs more and more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This increased acidity interferes with the ability of corals to maintain their skeletons. In addition, an increase in water temperatures worldwide is causing coral bleaching, another condition that threatens the health of coral reefs. Based on this information, which of the following would most improve the health of coral reefs?
reducing the use of fossil fuels
eliminating nuclear power plants
removing more natural gas embedded in rocks
replacing offshore oil drills with onshore oil drills
Researchers have observed that the biodiversity of some mountainside rainforests is greater than the biodiversity of some lowland rainforests. Which of the following statements best explains why a high degree of biodiversity is observed in some mountainside rainforests?
Some mountainside rainforests have high emigration rates.
Some mountainside rainforests have species with high reproductive rates.
Some mountainside rainforests have many different environmental niches at different elevations.
Some mountainside rainforests have increased numbers of producer species and reduced numbers of predator species.
Scientists hypothesized that several species of frogs called tiger frogs evolved from a recent common ancestor. The hypothesis was based on fossil evidence and on physical similarities among living species. Which of the following provides the best additional support for the scientists’ hypothesis?
Tiger frogs have longer life spans than other frog species.
Tiger frogs have the same diet and all use enzymes to digest food.
Tiger frogs live near each other and are all preyed upon by the same predator species.
Tiger frogs have similarities in their mitochondrial DNA that are not shared by other frog species.
Walking sticks are insects that live on plants. In one walking stick species, the insects may have either a striped body or a body without stripes. In one region where these walking sticks live, the dominant vegetation is a plant with needle-like leaves that resemble the walking stick’s striped body. According to natural selection, which of the following is the most likely result if there are large numbers of walking stick predators in the region?
Walking sticks without stripes will reproduce faster.
Walking sticks with stripes will become more common.
Walking sticks will develop a new, spotted pattern for their bodies.
Walking sticks will live on rare plant species rather than the dominant species.
In the early 1900s, California citrus growers sprayed their trees with cyanide gas to kill scale insects. By 1914, some scale insects were surviving the spraying, and eventually the whole population showed resistance to cyanide. Which of the following statements best explains how resistance to cyanide spread in the scale insect population?
Insects with a resistance gene survived the first cyanide sprayings and passed the gene to their offspring.
Insects without a resistance gene underwent mutation upon contact with the cyanide to acquire resistance.
Predators put greater selection pressure on insects with a resistance gene than on insects without a resistance gene.
Parasites infecting the insect population carried the trait from insects with a resistance gene to insects without a resistance gene.
