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WorksheetsCore 3.2
Total questions: 123
Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins
What is biocapacity?
The land and water available to provide resources for humanity
The number of people the world can support
The amount of food produced globally
The total area of rainforests in the world.
What does carrying capacity refer to?
The number of people that the world can support sustainably
The total population of a country
The amount of water available globally
The number of species in a rainforest.
What do optimists believe about Earth's carrying capacity?
There is a finite carrying capacity and we should aim to live sustainably below this
We will continue to be able to support an increasing population due to technological advances
Which word means only using those resources which can be replaced? (hint: s)
(a)
Which big historical event did Thomas Malthus live during?
Roman Empire
Industrial Revolution
Cold War
Digital Era
What do we call people who believe that Malthus was wrong about the Earth's carrying capacity but correct that living unsustainably will lead to war, death and suffering?
(a)
Categorise the checks to population
Malnutrition reduces fertility
Marriage ages rise
Parents choose to space children
Malnourishment leads to spike in communicable diseases
Conflict over food supplies
Rise in famines
Which optimist said 'necessity is the mother of invention' to argue that we are more motivated to solve problems that cause deaths?
Ester Boserup
Ester Bosirup
Ester Bosarup
Ester Bosorup
Which type of feedback loop moves TOWARDS equilibrium?
Positive
Negative
Which type of feedback loop enhances deviation from equilibrium?
Positive
Negative
What is an ecological footprint?
The amount of land and water required to maintain a community's standard of living
The carbon emissions of a country
The water usage of a household
The number of trees in a forest.
Which of the following is the biggest contributor to ecological footprints according to the graph?
A) Carbon use
B) Use of croplands
C) Fishing grounds
D) Built-up land
Fill in the blank: The Global Earth Overshoot Day in 2024 was estimated to be on ____.
A) 25 July
B) 1 January
C) 31 December
D) 15 August
What does Earth Overshoot Day signify?
The day when Earth's resources are replenished
The day when humanity's demand exceeds Earth's capacity to regenerate
The day when all countries have no ecological footprint
The day when carbon emissions are zero.
According to the document, what is the current global biocapacity per person?
gha stands for global hectare
1.7gha
2.6gha
3.5gha
4.0gha
Which countries tend to have no Earth Overshoot Day?
Countries with high consumption
Countries with subsistence lifestyles
Countries with large populations
Countries with high carbon emissions.
Fill in the blank: The current global ecological footprint is approximately ____.
1.7gha
2.6gha
3.5gha
4.0gha
What is one challenge mentioned in supporting lifestyle changes?
Lack of technology
Public support
High costs
Government policies
What is expanding, resulting in more people having disposable income to buy consumer goods? (clue: GMC)
(a)
The day your country has used up its fair share of resources is called your Earth -------- Day
(a)
What is disruptive technology?
Technology that is annoying
Innovations that significantly alter societal operations
Technology that increases social friction
Technology that is loud when it is in operation
What was the impact of drones at Gatwick airport in December 2019? (3 are fake!)
38 people were arrested
31 people were injured
Flights were shut down for 30 hours
38 million was lost in revenue
In which country were 20 people arrested for flying drones near an airport in November 2020?
USA
Singapore
UK
Australia
Why do governments worry about unregulated use of drones?
Poor steering of drones by child-users
Terrorism implications
Increased use of power supplies
Bird-strike mid-air
Which aeronautics producer is using 3D printing to make parts lighter and therefore more fuel efficient?
Boeing
Airbus
What is one of the challenges with 3D printing?
Equipment is large so space needed
Intellectual property issues
High cost
Slow production
Which organization used drones for delivering aid after natural disasters?
WHO
UNICEF
Red Cross
NASA
What is one of the benefits of 3D printing for amputees?
Longer-lasting prostheses
Cheaper and personalized prostheses
More standardised prostheses
Reduction in friction sores
Which company uses 3D printing to produce shoes?
Nike
Adidas
Puma
Reebok
Which government has expressed concerns about 3D printing reducing the effectiveness of school metal detectors?
Singapore
USA
Switzerland
Britain
What is the primary focus of the Green Revolution?
Increasing agricultural production
Reducing industrial output
Promoting urbanization
Decreasing food consumption
Which of the following is NOT a technique used in the Green Revolution?
Chemical fertilizers
High yielding varieties
Mechanical irrigation
Genetic modification
In the context of the Green Revolution, what does HYV stand for?
High Yielding Varieties
High Yearly Vegetation
Health Yielding Vegetables
Hope Yielding Vines
What was the role of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) during the Green Revolution?
To slowly decrease rice production
To rapidly increase rice production
To promote rice as an alternative to wheat consumption in Europe
To reduce pesticide use in rice production
Which country received loans from the USA to afford technology at the start of the Green Revolution?
India
Mexico
Philippines
China
What is one of the consequences of mechanization not being at an appropriate pace?
Increased urban employment
Mass rural unemployment
Decreased food production
Enhanced ecosystem stability.
Which of the following is a threat to agriculture mentioned in the image?
Pesticides
Fertilizers
Urbanization
Refrigeration
What is one of the benefits of using mechanical irrigation in the Green Revolution?
Reduces the need for fertilizers
Allows more fields to be farmed by fewer farmers
Increases the need for pesticides
Results in a more environmentally-friendly farming system
The Green Revolution's additional fields are often marginal lands with ______ ecosystems.
Dainty
Fragile
Brittle
Ephemeral
The USA subsidised Mexico's Green Revolution to prevent...
Mexico turning to communism
Mexico turning to fascism
Mexico turning to dictatorship
Mexico turning to nilhilism
Term for a TNC involved in farming (Hint: A)
(a)
Which DTM stage results in rapid population growth which requires food production to dramatically increase?
1
2
3
4
Which type of agricultural chemical will kill locusts?
Insecticide
herbicide
fungicide
fertiliser
Which type of agricultural chemical will kill weeds?
Insecticide
herbicide
fungicide
fertiliser
Which TWO countries founded the IRRI in the 1970s?
Philippines
India
Bangladesh
Malaysia
Kuznet Curves illustrate the relationship between....
Income and environmental degradation
Population growth and food supply
Technology and unemployment
Education and economic growth.
In the Kuznet Curve, what happens to the severity of environmental impacts as a country becomes MIC?
Decrease
Increase
Remain constant
Fluctuate
In the post-industrial stage of the Kuznet Curve, rising income ______ environmental impacts.
Increases
Reduces
Has no effect on
Fluctuates
According to the Kuznet Curve, what is the 'income turning point'?
The point where income starts to decrease
The point where environmental degradation starts to decrease
The point where population growth stabilizes
The point where technological advancement peaks.
What is one criticism of the Kuznet Curve model?
It ignores economic growth
It oversimplifies the relationship between income and environmental impact
It focuses too much on technology
It underestimates population growth.
Which word beginning with O means that HICs get many environmentally-damaging processes done overseas?
(a)
Fill in the blank: The text suggests that moving to a high-income stage without environmental issues requires ______.
political will
technological advancement
population control
economic growth
Which income level does the Kuznet Curve imply will have the greatest environmental cost?
HIC
MIC
LIC
What is the name for the manufacturing zone in Mexico which is a good example of USA TNCs offshoring or outsourcing environmentally-intensive manufacturing processes?
(Hint: M)
(a)
Which theory, related to Kuznet Curves measures the amount of land and water required to sustain for lifestyle?
Carbon footprint
Water footprint
Ecological footprint
Food miles
Which shape economy helps speed countries through the Kuznet Curve by improving waste management?
Circular
Triangular
Hexagonal
Dodecahedral
What is 'embedded water'?
Water used in manufacturing processes
Water used in washing of household bedlinen
Water used for drinking
Water in oceans.
How many liters of water are used to produce a pair of jeans?
2000 liters
120 liters
2400 liters
185 liters
Fill in the blank: A glass of wine requires ______ liters of water to produce.
120
200
185
40
Which of the following items uses the least amount of water to produce?
T-shirt
Glass of wine
Loaf of bread
Cup of tea
A loaf of bread requires ______ liters of water to produce.
40
35
50
70
A cup of tea requires ______ liters of water to produce.
40
50
70
35
Why did Ica Valley's drought make headlines in the 2010s?
It produces 95% of the UK's avocados
It produces 95% of the UK's asparagus
It produces 95% of the UK's strawberries
It produces 95% of the UK's watermelons
A T-shirt requires ______ liters of water to produce.
2000
2400
185
120
Fill in the blank: A hamburger requires ______ liters of water to produce.
2400
185
200
50
Embedded water is measured as a...
Footprint
Handprint
Thumbprint
Fingerprint
What does the Nexus model demonstrate?
The interrelation of energy, food, and water security
The interrelationship between pollution, climate change and happiness
The impact of technology on agriculture
The impact of politics on malnutrition
Which related theory by James Lovelock suggests that we can only solve wicked problems by looking at them in their complex contexts?
Gaia theory
Maia theory
Kaia theory
Laia theory
Which green revolution farming practice is most likely to result in farmers drawing additional power from national grids
Increased use of fertilisers
Introducing hydroponics
Increasing mechanisation by using tractors
Introducing gravity-fed irrigation
What percentage of global water footprints is used in food production?
50%
70%
30%
90%
What do we call dams which generate energy, as well as creating a drinking water reservoir
Hyper-electric
Hydro-electric
Hyena-electric
Hybrid-electric
What is one of the key uses of the Nexus?
To increase industrialization
To identify where resources interface
To promote deforestation
To reduce technological advancements
What was the impact of the USA encouraging farmers to grow corn for biofuel?
Increased soy production
Decreased soy production
No change in soy production
Increased water supply
Having enough clean and sufficient water all year round to meet economic, sanitation and health needs
(a)
The increased deforestation rates in which rainforest were directly linked to a decrease in soy production in the USA as a result of biofuel-growing subsidies?
Amazon
Borneo
Congo
New Guinea
Which type of crops help reduce water stress as they require less water to grow?
(hint: D R)
(a)
Globally, which type of industry uses the most water?
Primary
(e.g. farming)
Secondary
(manufacturing)
Tertiary
(services)
Quaternary
(R&D)
What is the impact of the Green Revolution on energy needs?
It decreases energy needs
It increases energy needs
It motivated a rapid switch to green energy
It reduced fossil fuel costs, demotivating the switch to green energy
What does the term "nutrition transition" refer to?
Shift from food insecurity to food security
Process of increasing agricultural production through the Green Revolition
Transition from traditional to modern diets
Change in dietary habits due to globalisation
Which definition is food security?
Sufficient food to eat throughout the year
Having sufficient calories but lacking suitable variety and minerals
Access to high calorie intake
Eating a well-balanced, low-sugar diet
Which type of disease is associated with food insecurity?
Diseases of poverty
Diseases of affluence
Which event in 2020 reversed a decade of progress on SDG2 (zero hunger)?
(Hint: C P)
(a)
Which Caribbean country has long-term issues with food security, which resulted in the 1990s with parents giving children mud discs to eat so at least they had a sense of full stomachs?
Haiti
Barbados
Dominican Republic
Cuba
Which THREE factors are the major drivers of food insecurity in East Sahel?
Drought
Population increase
Political instability
Growth of the middle class
What is the name of the phenomenon where national health care services are tackling undernutrition and overnutrition simultaneously?
Balanced diet
Obesity and related diseases
Increased energy levels
Improved nutrition
What is a double-burden situation mentioned in the text?
People experiencing both food insecurity and over-nourishment
Countries with high economic growth and poverty
Regions with both drought and floods
Areas with high technology and unemployment
What is the main cause of famine in Yemen?
Political conflict
Economic growth
Technological advancement
Climate change
What is the trend in the proportion of people who are food insecure over the last 100 years?
It has increased dramatically
It has dropped dramatically
It dropped slowly
It has fluctuated without a clear trend
What type of local-scale charity supports citizens in HICs who are food insecure?
Hint: F B
(a)
What is the primary goal of vertical farming?
To make land-use extensive rather than intensive
To increase the nutritional value of foods
To reduce the amount of land required for agricultural production
To grow plants as organically and naturally as possible
Why is vertical farming considered important?
It enhances the nutritional value of foods
It increases the use of fossil fuels
It addresses food insecurity and land scarcity
It reduces the need for technology
Alternative name for fragile lands, which are being used for intensive agriculture but at a high cost to biodiversity and sustainability.
(M L)
(a)
Growing plants in water enriched with nutrients
Hydroplonics
Hydroponics
Hygroplonics
Hygroponics
By allowing more food to be grown near urban areas, vertical farming reduces the distance foodstuffs travel, called...
(a)
What is the predicted percentage of the world’s population living in urban areas by 2050?
50%
68%
75%
90%
Growing food in high-tech greenhouses allows for production
(a) , stabilising food supply.
It also reduces (b) by growing food near urban areas (c) . However, it requires large quantities of (d) and tends to use (e) .
What is a challenge associated with hydroponic greenhouses?
Energy prices are rising faster than food prices
They cause noise pollution
They are less productive than open fields
Which two green energy sources does Iceland use to make the use of vertical farming and hydroponics sustainable?
Hydroelectricity
(HEP)
Solar energy
Geothermal energy
Wind power
Which type of soil are hydroponic plants grown in?
Acidic soil
Alkaline soil
No soil
Low-phosphate soil
Thanet Earth in Kent (near London) is able to grow vegetables at .... times the rate of local traditional farms
10-20 times
5-7 times
2-4 times
100
Which major UK city does Thanet Earth in Kent help localise the food supply chain for?
London
Bristol
Nottingham
Manchester
Which type of low-tech farming maximises under-utilised spaces in cities for market-garden vegetables?
Rooftop gardening
Slash and burn
Crop rotation
Drip-irrigation
What is a reason for the high-tech strategy of hydroponics in vertical farming?
To grow plants in traditional soil
To avoid using any technology
To grow plants without soil
To increase the use of fossil fuels
What is a water footprint?
A way of measuring water depth
A way of monitoring water usage
A type of water pollution
A method of water purification.
How many liters of water does it take to produce a pair of jeans?
500 liters
1,000 liters
8,000 liters
10,000 liters
Fill in the blank: A single cup of coffee requires ___ liters of water from growth to consumption.
50
100
140
200
Which city faced a 'Day Zero' scenario in 2017 due to water scarcity?
Los Angeles
Cape Town
Mexico City
New York
What percentage of the world's population does not have access to safely managed drinking water?
10%
25%
50%
66%
Fill in the blank: The Ica Valley in Peru supplies ___% of UK asparagus.
50
75
95
100
What is the main cause of water scarcity in Mexico City as of February 2024?
Pollution
Drought and unsustainable usage
Overpopulation
Industrial waste
Fill in the blank: Virtual water is the water you use ___.
directly
indirectly
for drinking
for cooking
Fill in the blank: Water scarcity is a major issue especially in ___ zones.
polar
tropical and sub-tropical
desert
urban
Fill in the blank: ___% of Mexico City is considered water insecure.
50
70
90
100
What does HPI stand for in the context of measuring happiness?
Happy People Index
Happy Planet Index
Human Prosperity Index
Health and Prosperity Index
Which of the following is NOT a factor in calculating the Happy Planet Index?
A) Life Expectancy
B) Degree of Income Equality
C) Ecological Footprint
D) Gross National Income
The Happy Planet Index is calculated by combining wellbeing with life expectancy and with degree of income equality, and dividing the total by the ________.
A) Gross National Income
B) Ecological Footprint
C) Population Density
D) Happiness Survey
Which country came out as the happiest in the 2019 data according to the Happy Planet Index?
Switzerland
Costa Rica
Vanuatu
Colombia
According to the Happy Planet Index, which country was the worst performing in 2019?
Mongolia
Qatar
Zimbabwe
Central African Republic
Which of the following countries is NOT in the top 5 happiest countries according to the 2019 Happy Planet Index?
Vanuatu
Switzerland
Ecuador
Singapore
Because their ecological footprint is so large, the USA would need to achieve universal 100% happiness on the wellbeing ladder and a life expectancy of ________ to be number 1 on the Happy Planet Index.
439
576
321
645
Which survey is used to measure the wellbeing aspect of the index?
World Happiness Report
Ladder of Life
Global Wellbeing Survey
Good vibes holistic charter
Fill in the blank: Singapore was ranked ________ in the 2019 Happy Planet Index, just below Chile and Liberia.
50th
68th
121st
37th
What is the name for this type of indicator, which includes more than one variable? (Hint: C)
(a)
